Android开发之约束布局平均分布|ConstraintLayout平均分布|约束布局均匀分布|ConstraintLayout均匀分布

老路子先看效果图

1.先画7个小球会全部重叠在一起

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="80dp">

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv1"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="S"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv2"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="M"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv3"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="T"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv4"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="W"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv5"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="T"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv6"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="F"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv7"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="S"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

2.然后将7个小球一个挨着一个如下图:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="80dp">

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv1"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="S"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv2"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="M"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@+id/tv1"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv3"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="T"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@+id/tv2"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv4"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="W"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@+id/tv3"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv5"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="T"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@+id/tv4"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv6"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="F"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@+id/tv5"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv7"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="S"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@+id/tv6"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

然后再使用chains引用链功能如下图

步骤=>先选中7个按钮，然后右键选择Chains->Create Horizontal Chains即可实现平均分布

好了简单功能如上：再看下完整代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="80dp">

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv1"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="S"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv2"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv2"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="M"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv3"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv1"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv3"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="T"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv4"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv2"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv4"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="W"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv5"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv3"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv5"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="T"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv6"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv4"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv6"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="F"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv7"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv5"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv7"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="S"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv6"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

布局中缺失的部分check_box_bg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:state_checked="false">
        <shape>
            <solid android:color="@color/wyze_color_CED6DE" />
            <corners android:radius="50dp" />
        </shape>
    </item>
    <item android:state_checked="true">
        <shape>
            <solid android:color="@color/wyze_color_00D0B9" />
            <corners android:radius="50dp" />
        </shape>
    </item>
</selector>

颜色缺失check_box_text_color.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:color="@color/black" android:state_checked="false" />
    <item android:color="@color/white" android:state_checked="true" />
</selector>

看下方法二

同上操作

方法二xml代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="80dp">

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv1"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="S"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv2"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv2"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="M"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/tv1"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv3"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv1"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/tv1" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv3"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="T"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/tv2"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv4"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv2"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/tv2" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv4"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="W"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/tv3"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv5"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv3"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/tv3" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv5"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="T"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/tv4"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv6"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv4"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/tv4" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv6"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="F"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/tv5"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/tv7"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv5"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/tv5" />

    <CheckBox
        android:id="@+id/tv7"
        android:layout_width="40dp"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:background="@drawable/check_box_bg"
        android:button="@null"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="S"
        android:textAllCaps="true"
        android:textColor="@color/check_box_text_color"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/tv6"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/tv6"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/tv6" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

GitHub源码查看：源码查看

约束布局Google官方API：官方文档ConstraintLayout

Google官方微信技术博客：约束布局性能介绍

Google官方文档说明：文档直达

Android开发之约束布局平均分布|ConstraintLayout平均分布|约束布局均匀分布|ConstraintLayout均匀分布

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