1,计算轮廓的矩moments()&面积contourArea()
实例1,(从而求面积,长度)
待,对比书中程序发现错误
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
#define Windows_name1"【原始图】"
#define Window_name2"【图像轮廓】"
static void on_ThreshChange(int, void*);
//全局变量申明
Mat g_srcimg, g_GRAYIMG;
int g_nThresh = 100;
int g_nMaxThresh = 255;
RNG g_rng(12345);
Mat g_cannyMat_output;
vector<vector<Point>>g_vcontours;
vector<Vec4i>g_vHierarchy;
//主函数
int main(int argc, char**argv)
{
g_srcimg=imread( "D://1.jpg,1" );
cvtColor(g_srcimg, g_GRAYIMG, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
blur(g_GRAYIMG, g_GRAYIMG, Size(3, 3));
namedWindow(Windows_name1, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow(Windows_name1, g_srcimg);
//创建滚动条并初始化
createTrackbar("阈值", Windows_name1, &g_nThresh, g_nMaxThresh, on_ThreshChange);
on_ThreshChange(0, 0);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
void on_ThreshChange(int, void*)
{
//使用canny边缘检测
Canny(g_GRAYIMG, g_cannyMat_output, g_nThresh, g_nThresh * 2, 3);
//找轮廓
findContours(g_cannyMat_output, g_vcontours, g_vHierarchy, RETR_TREE, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, Point(0, 0));
//计算矩
vector<Moments>mu(g_vcontours.size());
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < g_vcontours.size(); i++)
{
mu[i]=moments(g_vcontours[i],false);
}
//计算中心矩
vector<Point2f>mc(g_vcontours.size());
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < g_vcontours.size(); i++)
{
mc[i] = Point2f(static_cast<float>(mu[i].m10 / mu[i].m00), static_cast<float>(mu[i].m01 / mu[i].m00));
}
//绘制轮廓
Mat drawing = Mat::zeros(g_cannyMat_output.size(), CV_8UC3);
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < g_vcontours.size(); i++)
{
Scalar color = Scalar(g_rng.uniform(0, 255), g_rng.uniform(0, 255), g_rng.uniform(0, 255));//随机生成颜色值
drawContours(drawing, g_vcontours, i, color, 2, 8, g_vHierarchy, 0, Point());
circle(drawing, mc[i], 4, color, -1, 8, 0);//绘制圆
}
namedWindow(Window_name2, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow(Window_name2, drawing);
//通过m00计算轮廓面积并且和Opencv函数比较
printf("\t输出内容:面积和轮廓长度");
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < g_vcontours.size(); i++)
{
printf(">通过m00计算出轮廓【%d】的面积:(m_00)=%.2f\n opencv函数计算出的编辑=%.2f,长度:%.2f\n\n", i, mu[i].m00, contourArea(g_vcontours[i], arcLength(g_vcontours[i], true)));
Scalar color = Scalar(g_rng.uniform(0, 255), g_rng.uniform(0, 255), g_rng.uniform(0, 255));
drawContours(drawing, g_vcontours, i, color, 2, 8, g_vHierarchy, 0, Point());
circle(drawing,mc[i], 4, color, -1, 8, 0);
}
}
2,分水岭算法函数watershed()
实例2,分水岭算法函数watershed()(待深入)
//---------------------------------【头文件、命名空间包含部分】----------------------------
// 描述:包含程序所使用的头文件和命名空间
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
//-----------------------------------【宏定义部分】--------------------------------------------
// 描述:定义一些辅助宏
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define WINDOW_NAME1 "【程序窗口1】" //为窗口标题定义的宏
#define WINDOW_NAME2 "【分水岭算法效果图】" //为窗口标题定义的宏
//-----------------------------------【全局函变量声明部分】--------------------------------------
// 描述:全局变量的声明
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mat g_maskImage, g_srcImage;
Point prevPt(-1, -1);//原来的点坐标
//-----------------------------------【全局函数声明部分】--------------------------------------
// 描述:全局函数的声明
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void on_Mouse(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void*);
//-----------------------------------【main( )函数】--------------------------------------------
// 描述:控制台应用程序的入口函数,我们的程序从这里开始执行
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
//【0】改变console字体颜色
system("color 6F");
//【1】载入原图并显示,初始化掩膜和灰度图
g_srcImage = imread("D://1.jpg", 1);
imshow(WINDOW_NAME1, g_srcImage);
Mat srcImage, grayImage;
g_srcImage.copyTo(srcImage);
cvtColor(g_srcImage, g_maskImage, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
cvtColor(g_maskImage, grayImage, COLOR_GRAY2BGR);
g_maskImage = Scalar::all(0);
//【2】设置鼠标回调函数
setMouseCallback(WINDOW_NAME1, on_Mouse, 0);
//【3】轮询按键,进行处理
while (1)
{
//获取键值
int c = waitKey(0);
//若按键键值为ESC时,退出
if ((char)c == 27)
break;
//按键键值为2时,恢复源图
if ((char)c == '2')
{
g_maskImage = Scalar::all(0);
srcImage.copyTo(g_srcImage);
imshow("image", g_srcImage);
}
//若检测到按键值为1或者空格,则进行处理
if ((char)c == '1' || (char)c == ' ')
{
//定义一些参数
int i, j, compCount = 0;
vector<vector<Point> > contours;
vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
//寻找轮廓
findContours(g_maskImage, contours, hierarchy, RETR_CCOMP, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);//findContours(输入图像,边缘,图像拓扑结构,检索模式(此为只检测最外层),轮廓近似方法)
//轮廓为空时的处理
if (contours.empty())
continue;
//拷贝掩膜
Mat maskImage(g_maskImage.size(), CV_32S);
maskImage = Scalar::all(0);
//循环绘制出轮廓
for (int index = 0; index >= 0; index = hierarchy[index][0], compCount++)
drawContours(maskImage, contours, index, Scalar::all(compCount + 1), -1, 8, hierarchy, INT_MAX);//drawContours(操作图像,边缘,序数,颜色,范围,线宽,结构,绘制等级max)
//compCount为零时的处理
if (compCount == 0)
continue;
//生成随机颜色
vector<Vec3b> colorTab;
for (i = 0; i < compCount; i++)
{
int b = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
int g = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
int r = theRNG().uniform(0, 255);
colorTab.push_back(Vec3b((uchar)b, (uchar)g, (uchar)r));
}
//计算处理时间并输出到窗口中
double dTime = (double)getTickCount();
watershed(srcImage, maskImage);
dTime = (double)getTickCount() - dTime;
printf("\t处理时间 = %gms\n", dTime*1000. / getTickFrequency());
//【核心】双层循环,将分水岭图像遍历存入watershedImage中
Mat watershedImage(maskImage.size(), CV_8UC3);
for (i = 0; i < maskImage.rows; i++)
for (j = 0; j < maskImage.cols; j++)
{
int index = maskImage.at<int>(i, j); //取出灰度图像中i行j列的点。
if (index == -1)
watershedImage.at<Vec3b>(i, j) = Vec3b(255, 255, 255);//取出彩色图像中i行j列(第k通道,这里为全部三个通道)的颜色点
else if (index <= 0 || index > compCount)
watershedImage.at<Vec3b>(i, j) = Vec3b(0, 0, 0);
else
watershedImage.at<Vec3b>(i, j) = colorTab[index - 1];
}
//混合灰度图和分水岭效果图并显示最终的窗口
watershedImage = watershedImage * 0.5 + grayImage * 0.5;
imshow(WINDOW_NAME2, watershedImage);
}
}
return 0;
}
//-----------------------------------【onMouse( )函数】---------------------------------------
// 描述:鼠标消息回调函数
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void on_Mouse(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void*)
{
//处理鼠标不在窗口中的情况
if (x < 0 || x >= g_srcImage.cols || y < 0 || y >= g_srcImage.rows)
return;
//处理鼠标左键相关消息
if (event == EVENT_LBUTTONUP || !(flags & EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON))
prevPt = Point(-1, -1);
else if (event == EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN)
prevPt = Point(x, y);
//鼠标左键按下并移动,绘制出白色线条
else if (event == EVENT_MOUSEMOVE && (flags & EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON))
{
Point pt(x, y);
if (prevPt.x < 0)
prevPt = pt;
line(g_maskImage, prevPt, pt, Scalar::all(255), 5, 8, 0);
line(g_srcImage, prevPt, pt, Scalar::all(255), 5, 8, 0);
prevPt = pt;
imshow(WINDOW_NAME1, g_srcImage);
}
}
图像修补inpaint()
实例3,图像修补inpaint()函数
//---------------------------------【头文件、命名空间包含部分】----------------------------
// 描述:包含程序所使用的头文件和命名空间
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/photo/photo.hpp"
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
//-----------------------------------【宏定义部分】--------------------------------------------
// 描述:定义一些辅助宏
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define WINDOW_NAME0 "【原始图参考】" //为窗口标题定义的宏
#define WINDOW_NAME1 "【原始图】" //为窗口标题定义的宏
#define WINDOW_NAME2 "【修补后的效果图】" //为窗口标题定义的宏
//-----------------------------------【全局变量声明部分】--------------------------------------
// 描述:全局变量声明
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mat srcImage0, srcImage1, inpaintMask;
Point previousPoint(-1, -1);//原来的点坐标
//-----------------------------------【On_Mouse( )函数】--------------------------------
// 描述:响应鼠标消息的回调函数
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
static void On_Mouse(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void*)
{
//鼠标左键弹起消息
if (event == EVENT_LBUTTONUP || !(flags & EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON))
previousPoint = Point(-1, -1);
//鼠标左键按下消息
else if (event == EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN)
previousPoint = Point(x, y);
//鼠标按下并移动,进行绘制
else if (event == EVENT_MOUSEMOVE && (flags & EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON))
{
Point pt(x, y);
if (previousPoint.x < 0)
previousPoint = pt;
//绘制白色线条
line(inpaintMask, previousPoint, pt, Scalar::all(255), 5, 8, 0);//标识出掩膜(被修改)区域
line(srcImage1, previousPoint, pt, Scalar::all(255), 5, 8, 0);//修改原图区域
previousPoint = pt;
imshow(WINDOW_NAME1, srcImage1);
}
}
//--------------------------------------【main( )函数】-----------------------------------------
// 描述:控制台应用程序的入口函数,我们的程序从这里开始执行
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
//改变console字体颜色
system("color 2F");
//载入原始图并进行掩膜的初始化
Mat srcImage = imread("D://1.jpg", -1);
if (!srcImage.data) { printf("读取图片错误,请确定目录下是否有imread函数指定图片存在~! \n"); return false; }
srcImage0 = srcImage.clone();
srcImage1 = srcImage.clone();
inpaintMask = Mat::zeros(srcImage1.size(), CV_8U);
//显示原始图参考
imshow(WINDOW_NAME0, srcImage0);
//显示原始图
imshow(WINDOW_NAME1, srcImage1);
//设置鼠标回调消息
setMouseCallback(WINDOW_NAME1, On_Mouse, 0);
//轮询按键,根据不同的按键进行处理
while (1)
{
//获取按键键值
char c = (char)waitKey();
//键值为ESC,程序退出
if (c == 27)
break;
//键值为2,恢复成原始图像
if (c == '2')
{
inpaintMask = Scalar::all(0);//非零表示要修补的区域,全0则表示无需修补
srcImage.copyTo(srcImage1);
imshow(WINDOW_NAME1, srcImage1);
}
//键值为1或者空格,进行图像修补操作
if (c == '1' || c == ' ')
{
Mat inpaintedImage;
inpaint(srcImage1, inpaintMask, inpaintedImage, 3, INPAINT_TELEA);//inpaint(处理图,处理区域掩膜图,输出图,修复算法参考半径,修复方法1/2)
imshow(WINDOW_NAME2, inpaintedImage);
}
}
return 0;
}