一、Redis与spring的整合一般分为spring-data-redis整合和JedisPool整合,先看看两者的区别
1)、引用的依赖不同:
spring-data-redis使用的依赖如下:
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.data </groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-data-redis </artifactId>
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<version>1.0.2.RELEASE </version>
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</dependency>
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JedisPool使用的依赖如下:
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<dependency>
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<groupId>redis.clients </groupId>
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<artifactId>jedis </artifactId>
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<version>2.7.2 </version>
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<type>jar </type>
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<scope>compile </scope>
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</dependency>
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2)、管理Jedis实例方式、操作redis服务的不同:
spring-data-redis:
通过org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory来管理,即通过工厂类管理,然后通过配置的模版bean,操作redis服务,代码段中充斥大量与业务无关的模版片段代码,代码冗余,不易维护,比如像下面的代码:
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protected RedisTemplate<Serializable, Serializable> redisTemplate;
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public void saveUser ( final User user) {
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redisTemplate.execute( new RedisCallback<Object>() {
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public Object doInRedis (RedisConnection connection) throws DataAccessException {
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connection.set(redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize( "user.uid." + user.getId()),
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redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize(user.getName()));
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return null;
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}
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});
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}
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public User getUser ( final long id) {
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return redisTemplate.execute( new RedisCallback<User>() {
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public User doInRedis (RedisConnection connection) throws DataAccessException {
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byte[] key = redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().serialize( "user.uid." + id);
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if (connection.exists(key)) {
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byte[] value = connection.get(key);
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String name = redisTemplate.getStringSerializer().deserialize(value);
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User user = new User();
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user.setName(name);
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user.setId(id);
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return user;
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}
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return null;
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}
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});
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}
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JedisPool方式:
通过redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool来管理,即通过池来管理,通过池对象获取jedis实例,然后通过jedis实例直接操作redis服务,剔除了与业务无关的冗余代码,如下面的代码片段:
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private JedisPool jedisPool;
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public String save (String key,String val) {
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Jedis jedis = jedisPool.getResource();
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return jedis.set(key, val);
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}
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从工厂类到池的方式变化,就相当于mybatis连接MySQL方变化是一样的,代码变得更简洁,维护也更容易了。
spring-data-redis的集成方式可以查看 java之redis篇(spring-data-redis整合) 这边博文。
但是本文与spring集成并未直接采用JedisPool,而是采用了 ShardedJedisPool ,为什么呢?
因为ShardedJedisPool可以通过一致性哈希实现分布式存储
shared一致性哈希采用以下方案:
1、Redis服务器节点划分:将每台服务器节点采用hash算法划分为160个虚拟节点(可以配置划分权重)
2、将划分虚拟节点采用TreeMap存储
3、对每个Redis服务器的物理连接采用LinkedHashMap存储
4、对Key or KeyTag 采用同样的hash算法,然后从TreeMap获取大于等于键hash值得节点,取最邻近节点存储;当key的hash值大于虚拟节点hash值得最大值时,存入第一个虚拟节点sharded采用的hash算法:MD5 和 MurmurHash两种;默认采用64位的MurmurHash算法;
更为深入解释可以查看 Jedis分片连接池(分布式) 、 jedis源码中ShardedJedis实现sharding文章。
使用非分片的JedisPool和使用分片的ShardedJedisPool示例可以查看 Java内存数据库实践之深入浅出Redis - Jedis分布式(Sharding/Sharded) 这篇文章。
二、使用ShardedJedisPool与spring集成
集成参照:https://my.oschina.net/u/866380/blog/521658
相关依赖jar包
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<properties>
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<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8 </project.build.sourceEncoding>
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<spring.version>4.2.6.RELEASE </spring.version>
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</properties>
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<dependencies>
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<!-- spring begin -->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework </groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-context </artifactId>
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<version>${spring.version} </version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework </groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-context-support </artifactId>
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<version>${spring.version} </version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework </groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-test </artifactId>
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<version>${spring.version} </version>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>redis.clients </groupId>
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<artifactId>jedis </artifactId>
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<version>2.7.2 </version>
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<type>jar </type>
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</dependency>
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<dependency>
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<groupId>junit </groupId>
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<artifactId>junit </artifactId>
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<version>4.11 </version>
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<scope>test </scope>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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Spring 配置文件spring-redis.xml
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"1.0" encoding="UTF-8" xml version=
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<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
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xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
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xsi:schemaLocation = "
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
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http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd" >
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<!-- 开启注解驱动 -->
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<context:annotation-config> </context:annotation-config>
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<!-- 引入属性文件 -->
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<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:spring-redis.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true" />
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<!-- 配置redis数据库连接池 -->
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<bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig">
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<property name="maxTotal" value="${redis.pool.maxActive}" />
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<property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.pool.maxIdle}" />
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<property name="minIdle" value="${redis.pool.minIdle}" />
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<property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.pool.maxWait}" />
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<property name="lifo" value="${redis.pool.lifo}" />
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<property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.pool.testOnBorrow}" />
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</bean>
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<!-- 配置redis共享连接池,业务层主要通过该bean访问redis服务器 -->
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<bean id="shardedJedisPool" class="redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPool">
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<constructor-arg index="0" ref="jedisPoolConfig" />
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<constructor-arg index="1">
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<list>
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<bean class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisShardInfo">
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<constructor-arg index="0" value="${redis.uri.0}" />
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</bean>
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</list>
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</constructor-arg>
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</bean>
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</beans>
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几个注意的点:
(1)如果你有多个数据源需要通过<context:property-placeholder>
管理,且不愿意放在一个配置文件里,那么一定要加上ignore-unresolvable=“true”
(2)注意新版的(具体从哪个版本开始不清楚,有兴趣可以查一下)JedisPoolConfig的property name,不是maxActive而是maxTotal,而且没有maxWait属性,建议看一下Jedis源码。
(3)ShardedJedisPool有多种构造函数,选择你需要的(具体看源码),示例中只初始化了一个分片,并使用了通过指定host的构造器(具体格式见下文),如果有集群,在下增加新的即可。
(4)当然,你的spring核心配置文件中得有扫描组件。
(5)客户端分片使用ShardedJedisPool,设置DB和超时时间
redis连接池配置文件spring-redis.properties
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redis .pool .maxActive= 10
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redis .pool .maxIdle= 10
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redis .pool .minIdle= 8
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redis .pool .maxWait= 1000
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redis .pool .lifo= false
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redis .pool .testOnBorrow= false
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redis .uri .0=redis: //testRedis:foobared @119 .254 .166 .136 : 6379 / 0
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注意:redis uir的格式为 redis://用户名:密码@host:port/库,其中用户名随意填写的,如果没有用户名和密码,格式为redis://:@host:port/库,使用这种方式,配置内容少,还能自定义db index,非常适合开发、测试和线上环境的切换
代码实现
(1)推荐大家使用统一的类来管理Jedis实例的生成和回收,参考代码如下:JedisDataSourceImpl
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( "jedisDS")
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public class JedisDataSourceImpl implements JedisDataSource {
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private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JedisDataSourceImpl.class);
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private ShardedJedisPool shardedJedisPool;
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public ShardedJedis getRedisClient () {
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ShardedJedis shardJedis = null;
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try {
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shardJedis = shardedJedisPool.getResource();
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return shardJedis;
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} catch (Exception e) {
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LOG.error( "[JedisDS] getRedisClent error:" + e.getMessage());
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if ( null != shardJedis)
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shardJedis.close();
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}
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return null;
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}
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public void returnResource (ShardedJedis shardedJedis) {
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shardedJedis.close();
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}
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public void returnResource (ShardedJedis shardedJedis, boolean broken) {
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shardedJedis.close();
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}
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}
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这里要注意的是Jedis实例的回收,从jedis2.6开始,原returnResource方式已经提示在后续版本中不再支持,所以不建议大家再用ShardedJedisPool里的returnResource和retureBrokenResource方法,虽然在2.7中还支持(毕竟是因为这两个方法存在漏洞)。
(2)编写具体的Jedis操作类(片断):RedisClientTemplate
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( "redisClientTemplate")
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public class RedisClientTemplate {
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private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RedisClientTemplate.class);
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-
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private JedisDataSource redisDataSource;
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public void disconnect () {
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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shardedJedis.disconnect();
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}
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/**
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* 设置单个值
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*
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* @param key
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* @param value
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* @return
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*/
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public String set (String key, String value) {
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String result = null;
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
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try {
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result = shardedJedis.set(key, value);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
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broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
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}
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return result;
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}
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/**
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* 获取单个值
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*
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* @param key
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* @return
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*/
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public String get (String key) {
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String result = null;
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
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try {
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result = shardedJedis.get(key);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
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broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
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}
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return result;
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}
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public Boolean exists (String key) {
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Boolean result = false;
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
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try {
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result = shardedJedis.exists(key);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
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broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
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}
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return result;
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}
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public String type (String key) {
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String result = null;
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
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try {
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result = shardedJedis.type(key);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
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broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
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}
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return result;
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}
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/**
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* 在某段时间后失效
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*
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* @param key
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* @param seconds
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* @return
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*/
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public Long expire (String key, int seconds) {
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Long result = null;
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
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try {
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result = shardedJedis.expire(key, seconds);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
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broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
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}
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return result;
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}
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/**
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* 在某个时间点失效
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*
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* @param key
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* @param unixTime
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* @return
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*/
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public Long expireAt (String key, long unixTime) {
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Long result = null;
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
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try {
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result = shardedJedis.expireAt(key, unixTime);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
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broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
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}
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return result;
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}
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public Long ttl (String key) {
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Long result = null;
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
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try {
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result = shardedJedis.ttl(key);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
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broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
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}
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return result;
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}
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public boolean setbit (String key, long offset, boolean value) {
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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boolean result = false;
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
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try {
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result = shardedJedis.setbit(key, offset, value);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
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broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
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}
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return result;
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}
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public boolean getbit (String key, long offset) {
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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boolean result = false;
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
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try {
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result = shardedJedis.getbit(key, offset);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
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broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
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}
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return result;
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}
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public long setRange (String key, long offset, String value) {
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
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long result = 0;
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
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try {
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result = shardedJedis.setrange(key, offset, value);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
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broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
-
}
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return result;
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}
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public String getRange (String key, long startOffset, long endOffset) {
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ShardedJedis shardedJedis = redisDataSource.getRedisClient();
-
String result = null;
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if (shardedJedis == null) {
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return result;
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}
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boolean broken = false;
-
try {
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result = shardedJedis.getrange(key, startOffset, endOffset);
-
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} catch (Exception e) {
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log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
-
broken = true;
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} finally {
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redisDataSource.returnResource(shardedJedis, broken);
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}
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return result;
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}
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}
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(3)好了,接下来在你的业务代码里加载RedisClientTemplate.class就可以了。
-
-
(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
-
( "classpath:spring-redis.xml")
-
public class RedisTest{
-
-
private RedisClientTemplate redisClientTemplate ;
-
-
-
public void testSave (){
-
String key = "10086";
-
String val = "中国移动";
-
String r = redisClientTemplate .save(key,val);
-
System.out.println(r);
-
}
-
-
-
public void testFind (){
-
String key = "10086";
-
String result = redisClientTemplate .find(key);
-
System.out.println(result);
-
}
-
-
public void testDel (){
-
String key = "10086";
-
long l = redisClientTemplate .delete(key);
-
System.out.println(l);
-
}
-
}
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补充:
1、shardedjedispool分片实现集群与jediscluster实现集群区别以及jediscluster实现集群可以查看 分布式缓存技术redis学习系列(七)——spring整合jediscluster
2、shardedjedispool分片集群与jediscluster集群同样不具有高可用特性,但基于shardedjedispool的ShardedJedisSentinelPool可以实现集群高可用,redis服务一台master挂机,sentinel哨兵进行主从切换之后,客户端程序自动完成同步的主从切换。
具体的实现方式就是通过sentinel的sentinelGetMasterAddrByName(masterName);(实际执行sentinel的get-master-addr-by-name命令)获取哨兵监控的所有master节点;然后用一个MasterListener启用一个线程,利用redis的订阅与发布机制,订阅+switch-master频道,时时获取redis服务端主从切换的信息。
实现原理和源码分析可以查看 基于Redis Sentinel的Redis集群(主从&Sharding)高可用方案 相关源码地址位于 sharded-jedis-sentinel-pool