查看当前的内核版本
[root@linux home]# uname -a
Linux linux 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
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[root@linux home]# uname -a
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Linux linux 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
下载最新的内核
[root@linux home]# ll | grep linux
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 103047692 May 24 17:35 linux-4.16.11.tar.xz
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[root@linux home]# ll | grep linux
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-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 103047692 May 24 17:35 linux-4.16.11.tar.xz
编译准备
[root@linux boot]# ll -ahl /boot | grep config-$(uname -r)
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 138K Aug 23 2017 config-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
[root@linux boot]# cp config-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 .config
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[root@linux boot]# ll -ahl /boot | grep config-$(uname -r)
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-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 138K Aug 23 2017 config-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
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[root@linux boot]# cp config-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 .config
这个文件是配置文件
需要拷贝出一个配置文件
[root@linux linux-4.16.11]# make menuconfig
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[root@linux linux-4.16.11]# make menuconfig
选择要编译的模块，生成当前目录的配置文件
开始编译
[root@linux linux-4.16.11]# make -j 28
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[root@linux linux-4.16.11]# make -j 28
编译完成
OBJCOPY arch/x86/boot/setup.bin
BUILD arch/x86/boot/bzImage
Setup is 16860 bytes (padded to 16896 bytes).
System is 6937 kB
CRC 5dda9dcd
Kernel: arch/x86/boot/bzImage is ready (#1)
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OBJCOPY arch/x86/boot/setup.bin
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BUILD arch/x86/boot/bzImage
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Setup is 16860 bytes (padded to 16896 bytes).
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System is 6937 kB
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CRC 5dda9dcd
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Kernel: arch/x86/boot/bzImage is ready (#1)
安装
[root@linux linux-4.16.11]# make modules_install
...
INSTALL sound/usb/snd-usbmidi-lib.ko
INSTALL sound/usb/usx2y/snd-usb-us122l.ko
INSTALL sound/usb/usx2y/snd-usb-usx2y.ko
INSTALL virt/lib/irqbypass.ko
DEPMOD 4.16.11
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[root@linux linux-4.16.11]# make modules_install
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...
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INSTALL sound/usb/snd-usbmidi-lib.ko
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INSTALL sound/usb/usx2y/snd-usb-us122l.ko
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INSTALL sound/usb/usx2y/snd-usb-usx2y.ko
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INSTALL virt/lib/irqbypass.ko
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DEPMOD 4.16.11
[root@linux linux-4.16.11]# make install
sh ./arch/x86/boot/install.sh 4.16.11 arch/x86/boot/bzImage \
System.map "/boot"
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[root@linux linux-4.16.11]# make install
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sh ./arch/x86/boot/install.sh 4.16.11 arch/x86/boot/bzImage \
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System.map "/boot"
启动内核作为引导
[root@linux linux-4.16.11]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.11
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-4.16.11.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-862.3.2.el7.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-862.3.2.el7.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64.img
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-842357192c9244d09270f31a145fa5e1
Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-0-rescue-842357192c9244d09270f31a145fa5e1.img
done
[root@linux linux-4.16.11]#
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[root@linux linux-4.16.11]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
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Generating grub configuration file ...
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Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.11
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Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-4.16.11.img
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Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-862.3.2.el7.x86_64
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Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-862.3.2.el7.x86_64.img
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Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
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Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64.img
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Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-842357192c9244d09270f31a145fa5e1
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Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-0-rescue-842357192c9244d09270f31a145fa5e1.img
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done
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[root@linux linux-4.16.11]#
这里没能启动成功
是因为系统是Legacy时候才找这个启动配置
UEFI模式的话是要去
/boot/efi/EFI/centos
下面找grub.cfg文件的
这时候在efi shell下是无法拷贝的
只能挂载镜像文件然后进入救援模式，然后找到挂载点的文件系统，进去之后把
/boot/grub2/grub.cfg 拷贝到
/boot/efi/EFI/centos/grub.cfg
另外启动的话，默认的还是以前的kernel，是保存在一个配置文件中
可以通过修改下面这个文件修改saved=0
vim /etc/default/grub/grub.cfg
修改
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
表示
GRUB初始化页面的第一个内核作为默认内核
这样就可以正常启动了
[root@localhost centos]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 4.16.11 #1 SMP Thu May 24 19:35:11 CST 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost centos]#
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[root@localhost centos]# uname -a
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Linux localhost.localdomain 4.16.11 #1 SMP Thu May 24 19:35:11 CST 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
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[root@localhost centos]#