PHP-封装MySQL的单例

1.9 封装MySQL的单例

1.8.1 分析

1、实现单例

2、连接数据库

3、对数据进行操作

1.8.2 步骤

第一步:实现单例

第二步:初始化参数

第三步:连接数据库

第四步:操作数据

1、执行数据操作语句(增、删、改)

2、执行数据查询语句

​ a) 返回二维数组

​ b) 返回一维数组

​ c)返回一行一列

1.8.3 代码实现

第一步:实现单例

<?php
class MySQLDB {
	private static $instance;
	private function __construct() {

	}
	private function __clone() {
		
	}
	public static function getInstance() {
		if(!self::$instance instanceof self)
			self::$instance=new self();
		return self::$instance;
	}
}
//测试
$db=MySQLDB::getInstance();
var_dump($db);

注意:A instanceof B,表示A是否是B的类型,返回bool值

第二步:初始化参数

<?php
//封装MySQL单例
class MySQLDB {
	private $host;		//主机地址
	private $port;		//端口号
	private $user;		//用户名
	private $pwd;		//密码
	private $dbname;	//数据接名
	private $charset;	//字符集
	private $link;		//连接对象
	private static $instance;
	private function __construct($param) {
		$this->initParam($param);		
	}
	private function __clone() {
		
	}
	//获取单例
	public static function getInstance($param=array()) {
		if(!self::$instance instanceof self)
			self::$instance=new self($param);
		return self::$instance;
	}
	//初始化参数
	private function initParam($param) {
		$this->host=$param['host']??'127.0.0.1';
		$this->port=$param['port']??'3306';
		$this->user=$param['user']??'';
		$this->pwd=$param['pwd']??'';
		$this->dbname=$param['dbname']??'';
		$this->charset=$param['charset']??'utf8';
	}
}

//测试
//配置参数
$param=array(
	'user'		=>	'root',
	'pwd'		=>	'root',
	'dbname'	=>	'data'
);
//获取单例
$db=MySQLDB::getInstance($param);
var_dump($db);

第三步:连接数据库

<?php
//封装MySQL单例
class MySQLDB {
	private $host;		//主机地址
	private $port;		//端口号
	private $user;		//用户名
	private $pwd;		//密码
	private $dbname;	//数据接名
	private $charset;	//字符集
	private $link;		//连接对象
	private static $instance;
	private function __construct($param) {
		$this->initParam($param);
		$this->initConnect();
	}
	private function __clone() {
		
	}
	//获取单例
	public static function getInstance($param=array()) {
		if(!self::$instance instanceof self)
			self::$instance=new self($param);
		return self::$instance;
	}
	//初始化参数
	private function initParam($param) {
		$this->host=$param['host']??'127.0.0.1';
		$this->port=$param['port']??'3306';
		$this->user=$param['user']??'';
		$this->pwd=$param['pwd']??'';
		$this->dbname=$param['dbname']??'';
		$this->charset=$param['charset']??'utf8';
	}
	//连接数据库
	private function initConnect() {
		$this->link=@mysqli_connect($this->host,$this->user,$this->pwd,$this->dbname);
		if(mysqli_connect_error()){
			echo '数据库连接失败<br>';
			echo '错误信息:'.mysqli_connect_error(),'<br>';
			echo '错误码:'.mysqli_connect_errno(),'<br>';
			exit;
		}
		mysqli_set_charset($this->link,$this->charset);
	}
}

//测试
//配置参数
$param=array(
	'user'		=>	'root',
	'pwd'		=>	'root',
	'dbname'	=>	'data'
);
//获取单例
$db=MySQLDB::getInstance($param);
var_dump($db);

第四步:数据操作的功能

1、执行增、删、改操作

<?php
//封装MySQL单例
class MySQLDB {
	private $host;		//主机地址
	private $port;		//端口号
	private $user;		//用户名
	private $pwd;		//密码
	private $dbname;	//数据接名
	private $charset;	//字符集
	private $link;		//连接对象
	private static $instance;
	private function __construct($param) {
		$this->initParam($param);
		$this->initConnect();
	}
	private function __clone() {
		
	}
	//获取单例
	public static function getInstance($param=array()) {
		if(!self::$instance instanceof self)
			self::$instance=new self($param);
		return self::$instance;
	}
	//初始化参数
	private function initParam($param) {
		$this->host=$param['host']??'127.0.0.1';
		$this->port=$param['port']??'3306';
		$this->user=$param['user']??'';
		$this->pwd=$param['pwd']??'';
		$this->dbname=$param['dbname']??'';
		$this->charset=$param['charset']??'utf8';
	}
	//连接数据库
	private function initConnect() {
		$this->link=@mysqli_connect($this->host,$this->user,$this->pwd,$this->dbname);
		if(mysqli_connect_error()){
			echo '数据库连接失败<br>';
			echo '错误信息:'.mysqli_connect_error(),'<br>';
			echo '错误码:'.mysqli_connect_errno(),'<br>';
			exit;
		}
		mysqli_set_charset($this->link,$this->charset);
	}
	//执行数据库的增、删、改、查
	private function execute($sql) {
		if(!$rs=mysqli_query($this->link,$sql)){
			echo 'SQL语句执行失败<br>';
			echo '错误信息:'.mysqli_error($this->link),'<br>';
			echo '错误码:'.mysqli_errno($this->link),'<br>';
			echo '错误的SQL语句:'.$sql,'<br>';
			exit;
		}
		return $rs;
	}
	/**
	*执行增、删、改
	*@return bool 成功返回true,失败返回false
	*/
	public function exec($sql) {
		$key=substr($sql,0,6);
		if(in_array($key,array('insert','update','delete')))
			return $this->execute($sql);
		else{
			echo '非法访问<br>';
			exit;
		}

	}
	//获取自动增长的编号
	public function getLastInsertId() {
		return mysqli_insert_id($this->link);
	}
}

//测试
//配置参数
$param=array(
	'user'		=>	'root',
	'pwd'		=>	'root',
	'dbname'	=>	'data'
);
//获取单例
$db=MySQLDB::getInstance($param);
//更新
//$db->exec("update news set title='青草' where id=2");
//插入
if($db->exec("insert into news values (null,'aa','bb',unix_timestamp())"))
	echo '编号是:'.$db->getLastInsertId();

2、查询结果

<?php
//封装MySQL单例
class MySQLDB {
	private $host;		//主机地址
	private $port;		//端口号
	private $user;		//用户名
	private $pwd;		//密码
	private $dbname;	//数据接名
	private $charset;	//字符集
	private $link;		//连接对象
	private static $instance;
	private function __construct($param) {
		$this->initParam($param);
		$this->initConnect();
	}
	private function __clone() {
		
	}
	//获取单例
	public static function getInstance($param=array()) {
		if(!self::$instance instanceof self)
			self::$instance=new self($param);
		return self::$instance;
	}
	//初始化参数
	private function initParam($param) {
		$this->host=$param['host']??'127.0.0.1';
		$this->port=$param['port']??'3306';
		$this->user=$param['user']??'';
		$this->pwd=$param['pwd']??'';
		$this->dbname=$param['dbname']??'';
		$this->charset=$param['charset']??'utf8';
	}
	//连接数据库
	private function initConnect() {
		$this->link=@mysqli_connect($this->host,$this->user,$this->pwd,$this->dbname);
		if(mysqli_connect_error()){
			echo '数据库连接失败<br>';
			echo '错误信息:'.mysqli_connect_error(),'<br>';
			echo '错误码:'.mysqli_connect_errno(),'<br>';
			exit;
		}
		mysqli_set_charset($this->link,$this->charset);
	}
	//执行数据库的增、删、改、查
	private function execute($sql) {
		if(!$rs=mysqli_query($this->link,$sql)){
			echo 'SQL语句执行失败<br>';
			echo '错误信息:'.mysqli_error($this->link),'<br>';
			echo '错误码:'.mysqli_errno($this->link),'<br>';
			echo '错误的SQL语句:'.$sql,'<br>';
			exit;
		}
		return $rs;
	}
	/**
	*执行增、删、改
	*@return bool 成功返回true,失败返回false
	*/
	public function exec($sql) {
		$key=substr($sql,0,6);
		if(in_array($key,array('insert','update','delete')))
			return $this->execute($sql);
		else{
			echo '非法访问<br>';
			exit;
		}

	}
	//获取自动增长的编号
	public function getLastInsertId() {
		return mysqli_insert_id($this->link);
	}

	//执行查询语句
	private function query($sql) {
		if(substr($sql,0,6)=='select' || substr($sql,0,4)=='show' || substr($sql,0,4)=='desc'){
			return $this->execute($sql);
		}else{
			echo '非法访问<br>';
			exit;
		}
	}
	/**
	*执行查询语句,返回二维数组
	*@$sql string 查询sql语句
	*@type string assoc|num|both
	*/
	public function fetchAll($sql,$type='assoc') {
		$rs=$this->query($sql);
		$type=$this->getType($type);
		return mysqli_fetch_all($rs,$type);
	}
	//匹配一维数组
	public function fetchRow($sql,$type='assoc') {
		$list=$this->fetchAll($sql,$type);
		if(!empty($list))
			return $list[0];
		return array();
	}
	//匹配一行一列
	public function fetchColumn($sql) {
		$list=$this->fetchRow($sql,'num');
		if(!empty($list))
			return $list[0];
		return null;
	}

	//获取匹配类型
	private function getType($type) {
		switch($type){
			case 'num':
				return  MYSQLI_NUM;
			case 'both':
				return  MYSQLI_BOTH;
			default:
				return  MYSQLI_ASSOC;
		}
	}
}

//测试
//配置参数
$param=array(
	'user'		=>	'root',
	'pwd'		=>	'root',
	'dbname'	=>	'data'
);
//获取单例
$db=MySQLDB::getInstance($param);
//更新
//$db->exec("update news set title='青草' where id=2");
//插入
/*
if($db->exec("insert into news values (null,'aa','bb',unix_timestamp())"))
	echo '编号是:'.$db->getLastInsertId();
*/

//查询
//$list=$db->fetchAll('select * from news','aa');
//$list=$db->fetchRow('select * from news where id=1','aa');

$list=$db->fetchColumn('select count(*) from news');

echo '<pre>';
var_dump($list);

小结:

1、instanceof 用来判断对象是否属于某个类

2、参数必须从外部传递到内部,不能写死到类的内部。

3、为了保证代码的可重用性,一个方法只实现一个功能,所以初始化参数和连接数据库分到两个方法中。

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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_42528266/article/details/105140415