谭浩强C++课后习题39——基类指针数组

谭浩强C++课后习题39——基类指针数组

题目描述:编写一个程序,定义抽象基类Shape,由它派生出5个派生类:Circle(圆形),Square(正方形),Rectangle(矩形),Trapezoid(梯形),Triangle(三角形)。用虚函数分别计算几种图形面积,并求他们的和。要求用基类指针数组,使它每一个元素指向一个派生类对象。
抽象基类:抽象基类题目类比
指针数组:是指存储指针的数组,每一个元素都是一个指针。
基类指针数组:每一个元素都是一个基类指针,用基类指针指向派生类对象可以调用派生类中重写的虚函数,从而实现多态性。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//形状,抽象基类
class Shape {
public:
	virtual double area()const = 0;
};
//圆类,继承形状类
class Circle:public Shape {
private:
	double radius;
public:
	Circle(double r) :radius(r) {}
	virtual double area()const { return radius * radius * 3.14; }
};
//正方形类,继承形状类
class Square :public Shape {
private:
	double length;
public:
	Square(double l) :length(l) {}
	virtual double area()const { return length * length; }
};
//长方形类,继承形状类
class Rectangle :public Shape {
private:
	double length;
	double heigth;
public:
	Rectangle(double l, double h) :length(l), heigth(h) {}
	virtual double area()const { return length * heigth; }
};
//梯形类,继承形状类
class Trapezoid :public Shape {
	double top;
	double bottom;
	double height;
public:
	Trapezoid(double t, double b, double h) :top(t), bottom(b), height(h) {}
	virtual double area()const { return (top + bottom) * height * 0.5; }
};
//三角形类,继承形状类
class Triangle :public Shape {
	double width;
	double height;
public:
	Triangle(double w, double h) :width(w), height(h) {}
	virtual double area()const { return 0.5 * width * height; }
};
void printArea(Shape& s) {
	cout << "面积为:" << s.area() << endl;
}
int main() {
	Circle c(5);
	cout << "圆形,";
	printArea(c);

	Square s(5);
	cout << "正方形,";
	printArea(s);

	Rectangle r(4, 5);
	cout << "矩形,";
	printArea(r);

	Trapezoid tr(1, 2, 3);
	cout << "梯形:";
	printArea(tr);

	Triangle t(4, 3);
	cout << "三角形,";
	printArea(t);
	
	Shape* pt[5] = { &c,&s,&r,&tr,&t };
	double sumArea = 0;
	for (int i = 0;i < 5;i++) {
		sumArea += pt[i]->area();
	}
	cout << "总面积:" << sumArea << endl;
	return 0;
}

运行测试结果:
在这里插入图片描述

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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_45295612/article/details/105326428