1. 读取【列表】格式的 json 文件:
源文件:
[ { "Country Name": "Arab World", "Country Code": "ARB", "Year": "1960", "Value": "96388069" }, { "Country Name": "Arab World", "Country Code": "ARB", "Year": "1961", "Value": "98882541.4" } ]
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代码:
import json # 将数据加载到一个列表中 filename = '123.json' with open(filename) as f: pop_data = json.load(f) # 打印每个国家2010年的人口数量 for pop_dict in pop_data: country_name = pop_dict['Country Name'] population = pop_dict['Value'] print(country_name + ": " + population)
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2. 读取 {字典} 类型的 json 文件:
源文件:
{ "fontFamily": "微软雅黑", "fontSize": 12, "BaseSettings":{ "font":1, "size":2 } }
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代码:
# 设置以utf-8解码模式读取文件,encoding参数必须设置,否则默认以gbk模式读取文件,当文件中包含中文时,会报错 f = open("repositories.json", encoding='utf-8') setting = json.load(f) # 注意多重结构的读取语法 family = setting['BaseSettings']['font'] style = setting['fontFamily'] print(family) print(style)
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3. json模块的使用
- json: 用于字符串和python数据类型间进行转换
- Json模块提供了四个功能:dumps、dump、loads、load
json dumps把数据类型转换成字符串 dump把数据类型转换成字符串并存储在文件中 loads把字符串转换成数据类型 load把文件打开从字符串转换成数据类型
(1). dumps:将字典 转换为 字符串
import json test_dict = {'bigberg': [7600, {1: [['iPhone', 6300], ['Bike', 800], ['shirt', 300]]}]} print(test_dict) print(type(test_dict)) #dumps 将数据转换成字符串 json_str = json.dumps(test_dict) print(json_str) print(type(json_str))
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(2). dump: 将字典 转换为 字符串, 并写入json文件中
with open("../config/record.json","w") as f: json.dump(json_str,f) print("加载入文件完成...")
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(3). loads: 将 字符串 转换为 字典
new_dict = json.loads(json_str) print(new_dict) print(type(new_dict))
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(4). load:把文件打开,并把字符串变换为数据类型
with open("../config/record.json",'r') as load_f: load_dict = json.load(load_f) print(load_dict) load_dict['smallberg'] = [8200,{1:[['Pyt
hon',81],['shirt',300]]}] print(load_dict) with open("../config/record.json","w") as dump_f: json.dump(load_dict,dump_f)