最近项目要用到图形验证码,上网查找资料,参考改了一个工具类,并添加到程序中,下面记录下来以做备份,添加了注释,和web页面校验验证码
大概步骤是:
1.在内存中创建缓存图片
2.设置背景色,字体
3.画边框
4.绘制干扰信息
5.写入验证码
6.图片输出
废话不多说,直接上代码
- package com.jd.jr.faecms.common.validateCode;
- import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
- import java.awt.*;
- import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.Random;
- /**
- * 验证码生成工具类
- *
- * @leo
- */
- public class ValidateCode {
- // 图片的宽度。
- private int width = 160;
- // 图片的高度。
- private int height = 40;
- // 验证码字符个数
- private int codeCount = 5;
- // 验证码干扰线数
- private int lineCount = 150;
- // 验证码
- private String code = null;
- // 验证码图片Buffer
- private BufferedImage buffImg = null;
- // 验证码范围,去掉0(数字)和O(拼音)容易混淆的(小写的1和L也可以去掉,大写不用了)
- private char[] codeSequence = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J',
- 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W',
- 'X', 'Y', 'Z', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'};
- /**
- * 默认构造函数,设置默认参数
- */
- public ValidateCode() {
- this.createCode();
- }
- /**
- * @param width 图片宽
- * @param height 图片高
- */
- public ValidateCode(int width, int height) {
- this.width = width;
- this.height = height;
- this.createCode();
- }
- /**
- * @param width 图片宽
- * @param height 图片高
- * @param codeCount 字符个数
- * @param lineCount 干扰线条数
- */
- public ValidateCode(int width, int height, int codeCount, int lineCount) {
- this.width = width;
- this.height = height;
- this.codeCount = codeCount;
- this.lineCount = lineCount;
- this.createCode();
- }
- public void createCode() {
- int x = 0, fontHeight = 0, codeY = 0;
- int red = 0, green = 0, blue = 0;
- x = width / (codeCount + 2);//每个字符的宽度(左右各空出一个字符)
- fontHeight = height - 2;//字体的高度
- codeY = height - 4;
- // 图像buffer
- buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
- Graphics2D g = buffImg.createGraphics();
- /*// 将图像背景填充为白色
- g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);*/ - // 增加下面代码使得背景透明
buffImg = g.getDeviceConfiguration().createCompatibleImage(width, height, Transparency.TRANSLUCENT);
g.dispose();
g = buffImg.createGraphics();
// 背景透明代码结束
// 画图BasicStroke是JDK中提供的一个基本的画笔类,我们对他设置画笔的粗细,就可以在drawPanel上任意画出自己想要的图形了。
g.setColor(new Color(255, 0, 0));
g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1f));
g.fillRect(128, 128, width, height); -
- // 生成随机数
- Random random = new Random();
- //设置字体类型、字体大小、字体样式
Font font = new Font("微软雅黑",Font.PLAIN, fontHeight); - g.setFont(font);
- for (int i = 0; i < lineCount; i++) {
- // 设置随机开始和结束坐标
- int xs = random.nextInt(width);//x坐标开始
- int ys = random.nextInt(height);//y坐标开始
- int xe = xs + random.nextInt(width / 8);//x坐标结束
- int ye = ys + random.nextInt(height / 8);//y坐标结束
- // 产生随机的颜色值,让输出的每个干扰线的颜色值都将不同。
- red = random.nextInt(255);
- green = random.nextInt(255);
- blue = random.nextInt(255);
- g.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue));
- g.drawLine(xs, ys, xe, ye);
- }
- // randomCode记录随机产生的验证码
- StringBuffer randomCode = new StringBuffer();
- // 随机产生codeCount个字符的验证码。
- for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++) {
- String strRand = String.valueOf(codeSequence[random.nextInt(codeSequence.length)]);
- // 产生随机的颜色值,让输出的每个字符的颜色值都将不同。
- red = random.nextInt(255);
- green = random.nextInt(255);
- blue = random.nextInt(255);
- //指定某种颜色
- //g.setColor(new Color(252, 145, 83));
- g.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue));
- g.drawString(strRand, (i + 1) * x, codeY);
- // 将产生的四个随机数组合在一起。
- randomCode.append(strRand);
- }
- // 将四位数字的验证码保存到Session中。
- code = randomCode.toString();
- }
- public void write(String path) throws IOException {
- OutputStream sos = new FileOutputStream(path);
- this.write(sos);
- }
- public void write(OutputStream sos) throws IOException {
- ImageIO.write(buffImg, "png", sos);
- sos.close();
- }
- public BufferedImage getBuffImg() {
- return buffImg;
- }
- public String getCode() {
- return code;
- }
- /**
- * 测试函数,默认生成到d盘
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- ValidateCode vCode = new ValidateCode(160,40,5,150);
- try {
- String path="D:/"+new Date().getTime()+".png";
- System.out.println(vCode.getCode()+" >"+path);
- vCode.write(path);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
下面是页面调用验证码
- <div class="form-group col-lg-6">
- <label for="id" class="col-sm-4 control-label">
- 验证码:
- </label>
- <div class="col-sm-8">
- <input type="text" id="code" name="code" class="form-control" style="width:250px;"/>
- <img id="imgObj" alt="验证码" src="/article/validateCode" onclick="changeImg()"/>
- <a href="#" onclick="changeImg()">换一张</a>
- </div>
- </div>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- // 刷新图片
- function changeImg() {
- var imgSrc = $("#imgObj");
- var src = imgSrc.attr("src");
- imgSrc.attr("src", changeUrl(src));
- }
- //为了使每次生成图片不一致,即不让浏览器读缓存,所以需要加上时间戳
- function changeUrl(url) {
- var timestamp = (new Date()).valueOf();
- var index = url.indexOf("?",url);
- if (index > 0) {
- url = url.substring(0, url.indexOf(url, "?"));
- }
- if ((url.indexOf("&") >= 0)) {
- url = url + "×tamp=" + timestamp;
- } else {
- url = url + "?timestamp=" + timestamp;
- }
- return url;
- }
- </script>
下面是controller层输出验证码
- /**
- * 响应验证码页面
- * @return
- */
- @RequestMapping(value="/validateCode")
- public String validateCode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
- // 设置响应的类型格式为图片格式
- response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
- //禁止图像缓存。
- response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
- response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
- response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
- HttpSession session = request.getSession();
- ValidateCode vCode = new ValidateCode(120,40,5,100);
- session.setAttribute("code", vCode.getCode());
- vCode.write(response.getOutputStream());
- return null;
- }
下面是controller层验证验证码输入是否正确
- String code = request.getParameter("code");
- HttpSession session = request.getSession();
- String sessionCode = (String) session.getAttribute("code");
- if (!StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(code, sessionCode)) { //忽略验证码大小写
- throw new RuntimeException("验证码对应不上code=" + code + " sessionCode=" + sessionCode);
- }