一、安装zk
本次使用的是Windows本地版zk
1、先准备安装包,在Apache官网下载(地址:https://zookeeper.apache.org/releases.html)
2、开始安装
将下载好的文件,解压到常用的安装目录
3、修改zk配置文件
- 将conf目录下的zoo_sample.cfg文件,复制一份,重命名为zoo.cfg
- 在安装目录下面新建一个空的data文件夹和log文件夹
- 修改zoo.cfg里面下列两行配置文件
dataDir=D:/apache-zookeeper-3.6.0-bin/data
dataLogDir=D:/apache-zookeeper-3.6.0-bin/log
参数说明:
-
tickTime:这个时间是作为 Zookeeper 服务器之间或客户端与服务器之间维持心跳的时间间隔,也就是每个 tickTime 时间就会发送一个心跳。
-
initLimit:这个配置项是用来配置 Zookeeper 接受客户端(这里所说的客户端不是用户连接 Zookeeper 服务器的客户端,而是 Zookeeper 服务器集群中连接到 Leader 的 Follower 服务器)初始化连接时最长能忍受多少个心跳时间间隔数。当已经超过 10 个心跳的时间(也就是 tickTime)长度后Zookeeper 服务器还没有收到客户端的返回信息,那么表明这个客户端连接失败。总的时间长度就是 5*2000=10 秒
-
syncLimit:这个配置项标识 Leader 与 Follower 之间发送消息,请求和应答时间长度,最长不能超过多少个 tickTime 的时间长度,总的时间长度就是 2*2000=4 秒
-
dataDir:顾名思义就是 Zookeeper 保存数据的目录,默认情况下,Zookeeper 将写数据的日志文件也保存在这个目录里。
-
clientPort:这个端口就是客户端连接 Zookeeper 服务器的端口,Zookeeper 会监听这个端口,接受客户端的访问请求。
4、启动程序
运行zkServer.md,再运行zkCli.md,出现“Welcome to ZooKeeper”字样即为安装成功
二、项目开发
既然是Dubbo项目,那么我们的使用场景就是分布式微服务,多个provider和一个consumer,还需要一个公共项目api来编写公用的类与接口。
1、先创建出父项目dubboDemo
父项目里面放公共的依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>dubboDemo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1</version>
<name>dubboDemo</name>
<modules>
<module>dubbo-provider</module>
<module>dubbo-consumer</module>
<module>dubbo-api</module>
</modules>
<!--配置-->
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<skip_maven_deploy>true</skip_maven_deploy>
<dubbo.version>2.7.1</dubbo.version>
<zookeeper.version>3.4.14</zookeeper.version>
<dubbo.common>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</dubbo.common>
<springboot.version>2.1.13.RELEASE</springboot.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--spring-boot依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${springboot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<version>${springboot.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<version>${springboot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- lombook依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo-start依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>4.2.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<!-- 打包插件 -->
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、创建出dubbo-api项目,该项目继承父项目
此项目是一个公共项目,不需要其他多余的依赖,只是编写接口和公共的类使用。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>dubboDemo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>api</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
service接口
package com.example.api.service;
public interface DemoService {
void getDemo(String str);
}
3、创建出dubbo-provider,该项目继承与父项目
此项目是一个服务类项目,也就是将接口服务注册到zookeeper注册中心供消费端调取使用。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>dubboDemo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1</version>
</parent>
<!-- 基本信息 -->
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-provider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>provider</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<description>dubbo项目服务端</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- api模块的接口依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
启动类
@EnableDubboConfig注解表示开启Dubbo的相关配置
@DubboComponentScan用来扫描提供的接口实现位置
package com.example.provider;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.DubboComponentScan;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubboConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDubboConfig
@DubboComponentScan("com.example.provider.service.impl")
public class ProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args);
}
}
service接口实现类
注意:@Service注解是dubbo包的
package com.example.provider.service.impl;
import com.example.api.service.DemoService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
@Service(version = "1.0.0")
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
@Override
public void getDemo(String str) {
System.out.println("-----------------");
System.out.println("输入的字符为:"+str);
System.out.println("-----------------");
}
}
配置文件
dubbo添加配置的方式有多种,既有xml和properties也有API方式。既然我们使用的是SpringBoot那么就应该消灭xml的配置方式,使用properties和yml方式都就可以,在此使用yml作为示例
server:
port: 8087 # 服务端口
dubbo:
application:
id: dubbo-provider
name: dubbo-provider #应用名称
owner: aggerChen #应用所属者
organization: agger #应用所属组织
registry:
id: zookeeper-registry #注册中心id
protocol: zookeeper #注册中心协议
address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181 #注册中心地址
metadata-report:
address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
protocol:
name: dubbo #协议名称
port: 20880 #协议端口
accesslog: dubbo-access.log #协议访问log
provider:
retries: 0 #重试次数
timeout: 3000 #超时时间
monitor:
protocol: registry # 注册监控中心
4、创建出dubbo-consumer项目,该项目继承与父项目
此项目就是一个web消费项目,当然也可以不是web项目,在此方便演示就使用了web项目,首先来看依赖文件。依赖于provider项目一样,只多了一个spring-boot-starter-web
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>dubboDemo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>consumer</name>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo的zookeeper依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--api接口依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
编写service来调用dubbo接口方法,方便更改service的版本号
注意@Reference注解也是dubbo包下的
package com.example.consumer.demo;
import com.example.api.service.DemoService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class TestDemo {
@Reference(version = "1.0.0")
private DemoService demoService;
public void test(String str) {
demoService.getDemo(str);
}
}
编写controller,模拟接收前台的的数据
如果provider的控制台打印出了,输入的字符串说明整个项目都完成了
package com.example.consumer.controller;
import com.example.consumer.demo.TestDemo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
@Controller
public class DemoController {
@Autowired
private TestDemo demo;
@GetMapping("/get")
private void get(String str) {
demo.test(str);
}
}
启动类
在项目的启动类ConsumerApplication 中添加Dubbo启动注解和扫描注解。
package com.example.consumer;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.DubboComponentScan;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubboConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@EnableDubboConfig
@DubboComponentScan("com.example.consumer.controller")
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
}
编写配置文件
server:
port: 8088
dubbo:
application:
name: dubbo-consumer # 应用名称
owner: aggerChen # 应用所属者
organization: agger # 应用所属组织
registry:
id: zookeeper-registry #注册中心id
protocol: zookeeper #注册中心协议
address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181 #注册中心地址
monitor:
protocol: registry # 注册监控中心
5、测试
到此为止编码部分就完成了,现在开始启动测试
①启动zk
②启动dubbo-provider
③启动dubbo-consumer
④在浏览器访问地址http://localhost:8088/get?str=hhaha
看到测试结果如下,OK,测试成功!
三、总结
大家可以在IDEA下载阿里插件可以快速构建项目并生成需要的api、consumer、provider包。
构建项目
一路完成,就会自动构建需要的项目,大家可以测试一下~
- 此篇文章没有讲解Dubbo的太多原理,只是一个快速上手demo,要学习更多Dubbo的其他方面还需要多多啃一啃官网
- 最后我们可以在dubbo-admin上查看我们的服务情况,需要选取下载项目并构建启动,传送门https://github.com/apache/dubbo-admin
- 我们需要先打开dubbo-admin\dubbo-admin-server\src\main\resources\application.properties配置文件填写zookeeper地址和登陆用户名和密码。
- Maven方式安装:
git clone https://github.com/apache/dubbo-admin.git
cd dubbo-admin mvn clean package
cd dubbo-admin-distribution/target java -jar dubbo-admin-0.1.jar
- 如果启动是报8080端口被占用,那么一定是zookeeper捣鬼,因为zookeeper客户端3.5版本Zookeeper AdminServer默认占用8080,所以我们需要在客户端配置文件zoo.cfg上添加更改端口配置:admin.serverPort=8999
- 登陆http://localhost:8080/ 点击服务查询,输入账号密码,默认root root。可以看到我启动的两个dubbo-provider服务,点击消费者可以查看消费者ip等信息。
项目教程原文链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/fdc5467f6f3e
zk安装教程原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33316784/article/details/88563482