update:
最近用ubuntu18.04安装之后发现过程中没有让输入密码,直接sudo mysql
就进入数据库了,后来用python连接数据库的时候不知道怎么连了,解决方案如下:
依次输入以下命令就可以了,具体参考这里:https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-mysql-on-ubuntu-18-04
sudo mysql_secure_installation
//输入上面这条命令后会给你很多选项,根据情况自己选择即可
sudo mysql
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password'; //这里的password换成你想为root设置的密码
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit
//就完成了
之后进入数据库:mysql -u root -p
安装
安装:sudo apt install mysql-server mysql-client
查看版本:mysql -V
安装图形界面workbench:sudo apt-get install mysql-workbench
启动数据库服务:sudo service mysql start
重启:sudo service mysql restart
停止:sudo service mysql stop
进入数据库:mysql -u root -p
其中-u指定用户名,-p指定需要密码
log:Fatal error: Can’t open and lock privilege tables: Table ‘mysql.user’ doesn’t exist
几天没用,忽然就无法启动了,可能误删了什么东西,没找到好的解决办法,无奈选择重装=_=
20190521UPDATE: 不小心把用户表mysql.user
删除了当然启动不了=_=||
完全删除mysql
#下面命令依次执行
sudo rm /var/lib/mysql/ -R # 删除数据库目录
sudo rm /etc/mysql/ -R #删除启动脚本、配置文件等
sudo apt-get autoremove mysql* --purge # 卸载mysql所有文件
sudo apt-get remove apparmor # 这个apparmor是在装mysql-server时装上的,和安全有关
dpkg -l |grep ^rc|awk '{print $2}' |sudo xargs dpkg -P # 清理残余mysql文件
修改字符集
查看mysql字符集:show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
修改字符集:
https://blog.csdn.net/lxfHaHaHa/article/details/78490249
sudo vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
在[mysqld]下添加:character-set-server=utf8
sudo vim /etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf
在[mysql]下添加:default-character-set=utf8
sudo vim /etc/mysql/debian.cnf
在[client]下添加:default-character-set=utf8
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
如果不记下来,就会忘记。