Linux—LNMP架构(手工编译)
一.LNMP的概述
1.LNMP为Linux平台,Nginx web服务软件,mysql数据库软件,PHP编辑语言
2.LNMP系统架构相对于LAMP的优点是LNMP比较节省内存,主要支持静态请求,但在访问量大的时候php-fpm容易僵死,容易发生502 bad gateway错误,LAMP适合处理动态请求
二.LNMP架构
一)安装Nginx:
1.准备安装包:
[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
[root@localhost mnt]# rz
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost mnt]#
2.解压安装包:
[root@localhost mnt]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz -C /opt
3.安装环境包:
[root@localhost mnt]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ pcre* zlib-devel make -y
4.创建用户
[root@localhost mnt]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
5.配置,安装且编译
[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt/nginx-1.12.2/
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --with-http_stub_status_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install
6.创建软连接,进行优化:
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin
7.优化服务控制,service工具
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: -99 20
#description: Nginx Service Control Script
PROG="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
PIDF="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
case "$1" in
start)
$PROG
;;
stop)
kill -s QUIT $(cat $PIDF)
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
kill -s HUP $(cat $PIDF)
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
8.添加权限:
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
9.关防火墙开服务
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# service nginx start
10.验证Nginx
三.MySQL安装:
1.准备安装包:
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# cd /mnt
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost mnt]# rz
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
2.解压:
[root@localhost mnt]# tar xzvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz -C /opt
3.安装环境包:
[root@localhost mnt]# yum install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake autoconf -y
4.创建用户:
[root@localhost mnt]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
5.安装编译:
[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cmake \
> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
> -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
> -DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
> -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
> -DWITH_BOOST=boost \
> -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make && make install
6.对mysql的数据目录进行权限调整:
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
7.调整配置文件参数
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
8.设置环境变量
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
9.声明为全局变量
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile
10.启动文件
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# source /etc/profile
11.初始化数据库
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost bin]# mysqld \
> --initialize-insecure \
> --user=mysql \
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
> --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
12.#使用systemctl工具来进行服务控制
[root@localhost bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /lib/systemd/system/
13.开启mysql服务,进行验证
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl restart mysqld.service
[root@localhost bin]# netstat -ntap | grep 3306
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 59906/mysqld
14.设置mysql数据库的密码,并登录:
[root@localhost bin]# mysqladmin -u root -p password
[root@localhost bin]# mysql -u root -p
四.安装PHP
1.准备安装包
[root@localhost mnt]# rz
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost mnt]#
2.安装环境包:
[root@localhost mnt]# yum -y \
> install \
> libjpeg \
> libjpeg-devel \
> libpng libpng-devel \
> freetype freetype-devel \
> libxml2 \
> libxml2-devel \
> zlib zlib-devel \
> curl curl-devel \
> openssl openssl-devel
3.压缩:
[root@localhost mnt]# tar xjvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 -C /opt
4.编译安装:
[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt/php-7.1.10
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/php \
> --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
> --with-mysqli \
> --with-zlib \
> --with-curl \
> --with-gd \
> --with-jpeg-dir \
> --with-png-dir \
> --with-freetype-dir \
> --with-openssl \
> --enable-fpm \
> --enable-mbstring \
> --enable-xml \
> --enable-session \
> --enable-ftp \
> --enable-pdo \
> --enable-tokenizer \
> --enable-zip
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# make && make install
5.拷贝核心配置文件
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
6.编辑核心配置文件
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
7.验证安装模块
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m
8.配置FPM模块
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
9.复制扩展包
[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
10.启动PHP,验证:
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# netstat -natp | grep 9000
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 67874/php-fpm: mast
11.建立软链接
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
12.使得nginx支持PHP
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
12.创建首页,重启nginx:
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# systemctl restart nginx
13.验证:
五.安装论坛
1.进入数据库
[root@localhost html]# mysql -u root -p
2.创建数据库和密码
CREATE DATABASE bbs;
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
3.刷新数据库
flush privileges;
4.准备安装包并解压
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
[root@localhost mnt]# unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip -d /opt/
5.给予权限
[root@localhost mnt]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# ls
dir_SC_UTF8 mysql-5.7.20 nginx-1.12.2 php-7.1.10 rh 说明.htm
[root@localhost opt]# cd dir_SC_UTF8/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/
6.验证: