开启Binlog日志
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修改配置文件,并重启服务
vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] server_id=1 #指定server_id log-bin=/mylog/db50 #指定日志目录及名称 :wq mkdir /mylog #创建目录 chown mysql /mylog #修改所有者 systemctl restart mysqld #重启服务
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查看日志信息
mysql -uroot -p #管理员登录 mysql> show master status; #查看日志信息 +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | db50.000001 | 154 | | | | +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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手动创建3个新的日志文件
mysql> mysql> flush logs; #刷新日志 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec) mysql> flush logs; #刷新日志 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec) mysql> flush logs; #刷新日志 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec) mysql> system ls /mylog/ #查看日志文件 db50.000001 db50.000002 db50.000003 db50.000004 db50.index mysql> mysql> show master status; #查看日志信息 +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | db50.000004 | 154 | | | | +-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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删除编号3之前的日志文件
mysql> mysql> purge master logs to "db50.000003"; #删除日志 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> system ls /mylog/ #查看日志文件 db50.000003 db50.000004 db50.index mysql> mysql> system cat /mylog/db50.index #查看索引文件 /mylog/db50.000003 /mylog/db50.000004 mysql>
使用Binlog日志恢复数据
启动Binlog
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调整/etc/my.cnf配置,并重启服务
[root@dbsvr1 ~] vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] server_id=1 #定义server_id log-bin=mysql-bin #定义日志名 binlog_format=”mixed” #定义日志格式 [root@dbsvr1 ~] systemctl restart mysqld.service //重启服务
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确认binlog日志文件
新启用binlog后,每次启动MySQl服务都会新生成一份日志文件
[root@dbsvr1 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.* /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000001 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index
其中mysql-bin.index文件记录了当前保持的二进制文件列表:
[root@dbsvr1 ~]# cat /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index ./mysql-bin.000001
重启MySQL服务程序,或者执行SQL操作“FLUSH LOGS;”,会生成一份新的日志:
[root@dbsvr1 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.* /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000001 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000002 [root@dbsvr1 ~]# cat /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index ./mysql-bin.000001 ./mysql-bin.000002
利用binlog日志重做数据库操作
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执行数据库表添加操作
创建db1·库tb1表,表结构自定义:mysql> CREATE DATABASE db1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec) mysql> USE db1; Database changed mysql> CREATE TABLE tb1( -> id int(4) NOT NULL,name varchar(24) -> ); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.28 sec)
插入3条表记录:
mysql> INSERT INTO tb1 VALUES -> (1,'Jack'), -> (2,'Kenthy'), -> (3,'Bob'); Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.12 sec) Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
确认插入的表记录数据:
mysql> SELECT * FROM tb1; +----+--------+ | id | name | +----+--------+ | 1 | Jack | | 2 | Kenthy | | 3 | Bob | +----+--------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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删除前一步添加的3条表记录
执行删除所有表记录操作:mysql> DELETE FROM tb1; Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.09 sec)
确认删除结果:
mysql> SELECT * FROM tb1; Empty set (0.00 sec)
通过binlog日志恢复表记录
binlog会记录所有的数据库、表更改操作,所以可在必要的时候重新执行以前做过的一部分数据操作,但对于启用binlog之前已经存在的库、表数据将不适用。
根据上述“恢复被删除的3条表记录”的需求,应通过mysqlbinlog工具查看相关日志文件,找到删除这些表记录的时间点,只要恢复此前的SQL操作(主要是插入那3条记录的操作)即可。
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查看mysql-bin.000002日志内容
[root@dbsvr1 ~]# mysqlbinlog /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000002 /*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/; /*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/; DELIMITER /*!*/; # at 4 #170412 12:05:32 server id 1 end_log_pos 123 CRC32 0x6d8c069c Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.17-log created 170412 12:05:32 at startup # Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly. ROLLBACK/*!*/; BINLOG ' jKftWA8BAAAAdwAAAHsAAAABAAQANS43LjE3LWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACMp+1YEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAXwAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAACgoKKioAEjQA AZwGjG0= '/*!*/; # at 123 #170412 12:05:32 server id 1 end_log_pos 154 CRC32 0x17f50164 Previous-GTIDs # [empty] # at 154 #170412 12:05:59 server id 1 end_log_pos 219 CRC32 0x4ba5a976 Anonymous_GTID last_committed=0 sequence_number=1 SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'/*!*/; # at 219 #170412 12:05:59 server id 1 end_log_pos 310 CRC32 0x5b66ae13 Query thread_id=3 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1491969959/*!*/; SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=3/*!*/; SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/; SET @@session.sql_mode=1436549152/*!*/; SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/; /*!\C utf8 *//*!*/; SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/; SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/; SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/; CREATE DATABASE db1 /*!*/; # at 310 #170412 12:06:23 server id 1 end_log_pos 375 CRC32 0x2967cc28 Anonymous_GTID last_committed=1 sequence_number=2 SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'/*!*/; # at 375 #170412 12:06:23 server id 1 end_log_pos 502 CRC32 0x5de09aae Query thread_id=3 exec_time=0 error_code=0 use `db1`/*!*/; SET TIMESTAMP=1491969983/*!*/; CREATE TABLE tb1( id int(4) NOT NULL,name varchar(24) ) /*!*/; # at 502 #170412 12:06:55 server id 1 end_log_pos 567 CRC32 0x0b8cd418 Anonymous_GTID last_committed=2 sequence_number=3 SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'/*!*/; # at 567 #170412 12:06:55 server id 1 end_log_pos 644 CRC32 0x7e8f2fa0 Query thread_id=3 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1491970015/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 644 #170412 12:06:55 server id 1 end_log_pos 772 CRC32 0x4e3f728e Query thread_id=3 exec_time=0 error_code=0 //插入表记录的起始时间点 SET TIMESTAMP=1491970015/*!*/; INSERT INTO tb1 VALUES(1,'Jack'),(2,'Kenthy'), (3,'Bob') /*!*/; # at 772 #170412 12:06:55 server id 1 end_log_pos 803 CRC32 0x6138b21f Xid = 10 //确认事务的时间点 COMMIT/*!*/; # at 803 #170412 12:07:24 server id 1 end_log_pos 868 CRC32 0xbef3f472 Anonymous_GTID last_committed=3 sequence_number=4 SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'/*!*/; # at 868 #170412 12:07:24 server id 1 end_log_pos 945 CRC32 0x5684e92c Query thread_id=3 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1491970044/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 945 #170412 12:07:24 server id 1 end_log_pos 1032 CRC32 0x4c1c75fc Query thread_id=3 exec_time=0 error_code=0 //删除表记录的时间点 SET TIMESTAMP=1491970044/*!*/; DELETE FROM tb1 /*!*/; # at 1032 #170412 12:07:24 server id 1 end_log_pos 1063 CRC32 0xccf549b2 Xid = 12 COMMIT/*!*/; SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/; DELIMITER ; # End of log file /*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/; /*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
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执行指定Pos节点范围内的sql命令恢复数据
根据上述日志分析,只要恢复从2014.01.12 20:12:14到2014.01.12 20:13:50之间的操作即可。可通过mysqlbinlog指定时间范围输出,结合管道交给msyql命令执行导入重做:
[root@dbsvr1 ~]# mysqlbinlog \ --start-datetime="2017-04-12 12:06:55" \ --stop-datetime="2017-04-12 12:07:23" \ /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000002 | mysql -u root -p Enter password: //验证口令
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确认恢复结果
mysql> SELECT * FROM db1.tb1; +----+--------+ | id | name | +----+--------+ | 1 | Jack | | 2 | Kenthy | | 3 | Bob | +----+--------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)