实验内容
1、使用可变长子网掩码(VLSM)划分子网:
2、利用静态路由实现各个网络的连通,并利用默认路由优化路由表
实验目的
- 熟练掌握IP地址的划分
- 掌握静态路由和默认路由的基本配置,实现不同网络的互联互通
实验步骤
1、求下列地址的网络变化和广播地址
172.16.10.255 /16
192.168.1.47 /27
地址 | 网络编号 | 广播地址 |
172.168.10.255/16 | 172.16.0.0/16 | 172.16.255.255/16 |
192.168.1.47/27 | 192.168.1.32/27 | 192.168.1.63/27 |
2、请问下列地址是否可以分配给主机
192.168.10.31 /28
172.16.10.255 /19
答:192.168.10.31/28是广播地址,无法分配给主机,172.16.10.255/19可以分配给主机。
3、请问下列地址中哪些地址分配给主机后可以直接通信(无需路由)
192.168.10.34 /28
192.168.10.53 /28
192.168.10.31 /28
192.168.10.61 /28
答:只有192.168.10.53 /28、192.168.10.61 /28分配给主机后可以直接通信,因为处于同一网段。
实验操作
地址划分
路由器 | 网络地址 | 广播地址 | 可用的主机地址 |
A(26) | 192.168.20.32/27 | 192.168.20.63/27 | 192.168.20.33~62(30个) |
B(10) | 192.168.20.16/28 | 192.168.20.31/28 | 192.168.20.17~30(14个) |
C(5) | 192.168.20.8/29 | 192.168.20.15/29 | 192.168.20.9~14(6个) |
D(6) | 192.168.20.128/25 | 192.168.20.256/25 | 192.168.129~255(126个) |
网络拓扑结构
路由器配置
Router1
Router2
Router3
router4
测试
用pc1进行测试,分别测试192.168.1.0网段、192.168.2.0网段、192.168.3.0网段、192.168.4.0网段,10.0.1.0网段、10.0.2.0网段、10.0.3.0网段共7个网段。
Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0 PC>ipconfig FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port) Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::260:5CFF:FEE1:5CBC IP Address......................: 192.168.1.1 Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway.................: 192.168.1.254 PC>ping 192.168.1.0 Pinging 192.168.1.0 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255 Ping statistics for 192.168.1.0: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms PC>ping 192.168.2.0 Pinging 192.168.2.0 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 10.0.1.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=254 Reply from 10.0.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254 Reply from 10.0.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 192.168.2.0: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms PC>ping 192.168.3.0 Pinging 192.168.3.0 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253 Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=32 time=7ms TTL=253 Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=253 Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=253 Ping statistics for 192.168.3.0: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 7ms, Average = 3ms PC>ping 192.168.4.0 Pinging 192.168.4.0 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 10.0.3.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=252 Reply from 10.0.3.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=252 Reply from 10.0.3.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=252 Ping statistics for 192.168.4.0: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 1ms PC>ping 10.0.1.0 Pinging 10.0.1.0 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255 Ping statistics for 10.0.1.0: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms PC>ping 10.0.2.0 Pinging 10.0.2.0 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254 Reply from 10.0.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254 Reply from 10.0.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254 Reply from 10.0.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 10.0.2.0: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms PC>ping 10.0.3.0 Pinging 10.0.3.0 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=32 time=6ms TTL=253 Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253 Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253 Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253 Ping statistics for 10.0.3.0: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 6ms, Average = 2ms PC>
至此,该实验结束!