1、修改/etc/fstab,在新分区1(挂载到/mnt/b1)中启动用户级配额和用户组级配额,重启系统;
[root@bogon ~]#vi /etc/fstab
dev/sdb1 /mnt/b1 ext3 defaults,usrquota,grpquota 0 0
[root@bogon ~]#reboot
2、在分区的挂载点下创建配额数据文件aquota.user和aquota.group;
[root@bogon ~]#cd /mnt/b1
[root@bogon b1]#touch aquota.user aquota.group
[root@bogon ~]#
3、使用quotacheck命令检查所有配额分区并生成配额数据;
[root@bogon ~]#quotacheck -avug
[root@bogon ~]#ls /mnt/b1
aquota.user aquota.group lost+found
[root@bogon ~]#
4、启动配额;
[root@bogon ~]#quotaon /dev/sdb1
5、建立用户user1,主目录为/mnt/b1/user1;
[root@bogon ~]#useradd -d /mnt/b1/user1 user1
6、建立用户user2,主目录为/mnt/b1/user2,主用户组为user1;
[root@bogon ~]#useradd -d /mnt/b1/user2 -g user1 user2
7、建立用户user3,主目录为/mnt/b1/user3,附属用户组为user1;
[root@bogon ~]#useradd -d /mnt/b1/user3 -G user1 user3
8、对用户user1进行限额,限额条件为文件数量,软限制15,硬限制20,使用quota查看设置情况;
[root@bogon ~]#edquota -u user1
Disk quotas for user user1 (uid 501):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/sdb1 96 0 0 12 15 20
[root@bogon ~]#
9、使用user1登陆系统,在主目录内创建新文件,检测限额效果,通过quota命令查看当前限额的情况;
[root@bogon ~]#su - user1
[rootQbogon~]#su-user1
[user1@bogon ~]$ pwd
/ mnt/ b1/user1
[user1@bogon ~]$ touch file{1. .15} //创建15个文件,文件名file0,file1 ......file15
sdb1: warning,user file quota exceeded
sdb1: write failed, user file limit reached ,
touch: cannot touch 'file9': Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file10': Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file11': Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file12' : Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file13' : Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file14' : Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file15' : Disk quota exceeded
[user1@bogon ~]$ ls
file1 file2 file3 file4 file5 file6 file7 file8
//超过软限制仍然可以创建
//创建八个文件已经达到硬限制20,原来已经使用了12个,无法继续创建文件
[user1@bogon ~]$ quota
Disk quotas for user user1 (uid 501):
Filesystem blocks quota limit files quota limit grace
/dev/sdb1 128 0 0 20* 15 20
//grace (达到软限制后的宽松期限)
[user1@bogon ~]$
10、对用户组user1进行限额,限额条件为文件数量,软限制35,硬限制40;
[root@bogon ~]#edquota -g user1
Disk quotas for group user1 (gid 501):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard grace
/dev/sdb1 224 0 0 32 35 40
[root@bogon ~]#
11、使用user2登陆系统,通过quota命令分别查看当前user2用户和user1用户组限额的情况,创建新文件,检测限额效果;
[root@bogon ~]#su - user2
[user2@bogon ~]$ quota
Disk quotas for user user2 (uid 502):none
[user2@bogon ~]$ quota -g user1
Disk quotas for group user1 (gid 501):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard grace
/dev/sdb1 224 0 0 32 35 40
[user2@bogon ~]$touch file{1..10}
sdb1: warning, group file quota exceeded .
sdb1: write failed, group file limit reached 。
touch: cannot touch 'file9' :Disk quota exceeded
touch: cannot touch 'file10': Disk quota exceeded
//创建八个文件后达到组内最大限制
[user2@bogon~]$
12、使用user3登陆系统,通过quota命令分别查看当前user3用户和user1用户组限额的情况,创建新文件,检测限额效果。
[root@bogon ~]# su - user3
[user3@bogon ~]$ quota
Disk quotas for user user3 (uid 503):none
[user3@bogon ~]$ quota -g user1
Disk quotas for user user1 (uid 501):
Filesystem blocks quota limit files quota limit grace
/dev/sdb1 256 0 0 40* 35 40
[user3@bogon ~ ]$ touch file{1. .5}
[user3@bogon~]$ls
file1 file2 file3 file4 file5
//把用户组user1作为附属组的user3可以创建新文件
[user3@bogon~]$
13、将用户user1的限额配置复制给user2和user3,使用quota查看设置情况;
[root@bogon ~]# edquota -p user1 -u user2 user3
[root@bogon ~]# quota user2
Disk quotas for user user2 (uid 502):
Filesystem blocks quota limit files quota limit grace
/dev/sdb1 128 0 0 20* 15 20
[root@bogon ~]# quota user1
Disk quotas for user user1 (uid 501):
Filesystem blocks quota limit files quota limit grace
/dev/sdb1 128 0 0 20* 15 20
[root@bogon ~]# quota user3
Disk quotas for user user3 (uid 503):
Filesystem blocks quota limit files quota limit grace
/dev/sdb1 120 0 0 18* 15 20 7days
13、对限额的宽限期进行设置,空间限额宽限期10小时,文件数量限额宽限期1天。
[root@bogon ~]#edquota -t
Grace period before enforcing soft limits for users :
Time units may be: days, hours, minutes, or seconds
Filesystem Block grace period Inode grace period
/dev/sdb1 10hours 1days
[root@bogon ~]#