一一对应版

library(gcookbook)
library(ggplot2)
head(pg_mean)

ggplot(pg_mean, aes(x = group, y = weight)) + 
geom_bar(stat = 'identity')

改变填充色和边框色

ggplot(pg_mean, aes(x = group, y = weight)) + 
geom_bar(stat = 'identity', fill = 'lightblue', color = 'green')

簇状条形图

head(cabbage_exp)

ggplot(cabbage_exp, aes(x = Date, y = Weight, fill = Cultivar)) + 
geom_bar(position = 'dodge', stat = 'identity')

• geom_bar中的width位于0到1之间，默认为0.9，可以通过调整这个来调整宽度。
• 通过令position_dodge的值大于width来调整组内条形图之间的距离，否则就会重叠一部分

ggplot(cabbage_exp, aes(x = Date, y = Weight, fill = Cultivar)) + 
geom_bar(stat = 'identity', width = 0.4, position = position_dodge(0.3))

ggplot(cabbage_exp, aes(x = Date, y = Weight, fill = Cultivar)) + 
geom_bar(stat = 'identity', width = 0.4, position = position_dodge(0.5))

不加dodge条件就会生成堆积条形图

ggplot(cabbage_exp, aes(x = Date, y = Weight, fill = Cultivar)) + 
geom_bar(stat = 'identity')

scale_fill_manual可以手动调整颜色

ggplot(cabbage_exp, aes(x = Date, y = Weight, fill = Cultivar)) + 
geom_bar(position = 'dodge', stat = 'identity') + 
scale_fill_manual(values = c('#8DD35F','#FFE680'))

分别在柱子顶端的上下位置加图例

ggplot(cabbage_exp, aes(x = Date, y = Weight, fill = Cultivar)) + 
geom_bar(position = 'dodge', stat = 'identity') + 
scale_fill_manual(values = c('#8DD35F','#FFE680')) + 
geom_text(aes(label = Weight), vjust = -0.5, position = position_dodge(0.9), size = 4, color = 'green')

ggplot(cabbage_exp, aes(x = Date, y = Weight, fill = Cultivar)) + 
geom_bar(position = 'dodge', stat = 'identity') + 
scale_fill_manual(values = c('#8DD35F','#FFE680')) + 
geom_text(aes(label = Weight), vjust = 1.5, position = position_dodge(0.9), size = 5, color = 'white')

频数条形图

Note the documentation for each: they both use stat = “bin” (in current ggplot2 versions this stat has been split into stat_bin for continuous data and stat_count for discrete data) by default.

# 离散情况
ggplot(diamonds, aes(x = cut)) + geom_bar()
# 等价于ggplot(diamonds, aes(x = cut)) + geom_bar(stat = 'count')

# 等价写法
ggplot(diamonds, aes(x = cut, y = 1)) + 
geom_bar(stat = 'identity')

# 连续情况
ggplot(diamonds, aes(x = carat)) + geom_bar()
# 等价于ggplot(diamonds, aes(x = cut)) + geom_bar(stat = 'count')
# ggplot(diamonds, aes(x = cut)) + geom_bar(stat = 'bin')会得到不一样的结果

正负分开图

head(climate)

csub <- subset(climate, Source == 'Berkeley' & Year > 1900)
csub$pos  <- csub$Anomaly10y >= 0
head(csub)

ggplot(csub, aes(x = Year, y = Anomaly10y, fill = pos)) + 
# 设定边框颜色和宽度
geom_bar(stat = 'identity', color = 'black', size = 0.25) + 
# 手动移除pos图例
scale_fill_manual(values = c('#8DD35F','#FFE680'), guide = FALSE)

比例堆积图

• 查看所有调色板

RColorBrewer::display.brewer.all() 

• 以date为切割变量对数据进行transform操作

library(plyr)
ce <- ddply(cabbage_exp, "Date", transform, person_weight = Weight / sum(Weight) * 100)
ggplot(ce, aes(x = Date, y = person_weight, fill = Cultivar)) + 
geom_bar(stat = 'identity', colour = 'black') + 
# 换个调色板
scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Set3")

• 绘制堆积图的数字时，要先计算出两段的高度

cce <- ddply(ce, "Date", transform, text_height = cumsum(person_weight))
# 调整一下堆积图的顺序使之对应
cce$Cultivar <- factor(cce$Cultivar, levels = c("c52", "c39"))
ggplot(cce, aes(x = Date, y = person_weight, fill = Cultivar)) + 
geom_bar(stat = 'identity', colour = 'black') + 
# 换个调色板
scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Set3") + 
geom_text(aes(y = text_height, label = person_weight), vjust = 1.5, color = "black")

• 进一步美化标注，比如文字放中间，固定位数，加上单位等等

cce <- ddply(ce, "Date", transform, text_height = cumsum(person_weight)-0.5*person_weight)
# 调整一下堆积图的顺序使之对应
cce$Cultivar <- factor(cce$Cultivar, levels = c("c52", "c39"))
ggplot(cce, aes(x = Date, y = person_weight, fill = Cultivar)) + 
geom_bar(stat = 'identity', colour = 'black') + 
# 换个调色板
scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Set3") + 
geom_text(aes(y = text_height, label = paste(round(person_weight, 2), "%")), vjust = 1.5, color = "black", size = 6)