Gradle 命令行
$ gradle -h
USAGE: gradle [option...] [task...]
-?, -h, --help Shows this help message.
-a, --no-rebuild Do not rebuild project dependencies.
-b, --build-file Specify the build file.
--build-cache Enables the Gradle build cache. Gradle will try to reuse outputs from previous builds.
-c, --settings-file Specify the settings file.
--configuration-cache Enables the configuration cache. Gradle will try to reuse the build configuration from previous builds. [incubating]
--configuration-cache-problems Configures how the configuration cache handles problems (fail or warn). Defaults to fail. [incubating]
--configure-on-demand Configure necessary projects only. Gradle will attempt to reduce configuration time for large multi-project builds. [incubating]
--console Specifies which type of console output to generate. Values are 'plain', 'auto' (default), 'rich' or 'verbose'.
--continue Continue task execution after a task failure.
-D, --system-prop Set system property of the JVM (e.g. -Dmyprop=myvalue).
-d, --debug Log in debug mode (includes normal stacktrace).
--daemon Uses the Gradle Daemon to run the build. Starts the Daemon if not running.
--export-keys Exports the public keys used for dependency verification. [incubating]
-F, --dependency-verification Configures the dependency verification mode (strict, lenient or off) [incubating]
--foreground Starts the Gradle Daemon in the foreground.
-g, --gradle-user-home Specifies the gradle user home directory.
-I, --init-script Specify an initialization script.
-i, --info Set log level to info.
--include-build Include the specified build in the composite.
-M, --write-verification-metadata Generates checksums for dependencies used in the project (comma-separated list) [incubating]
-m, --dry-run Run the builds with all task actions disabled.
--max-workers Configure the number of concurrent workers Gradle is allowed to use.
--no-build-cache Disables the Gradle build cache.
--no-configuration-cache Disables the configuration cache. [incubating]
--no-configure-on-demand Disables the use of configuration on demand. [incubating]
--no-daemon Do not use the Gradle daemon to run the build. Useful occasionally if you have configured Gradle to always run with the daemon by default.
--no-parallel Disables parallel execution to build projects.
--no-scan Disables the creation of a build scan. For more information about build scans, please visit https://gradle.com/build-scans.
--no-watch-fs Disables watching the file system. [incubating]
--offline Execute the build without accessing network resources.
-P, --project-prop Set project property for the build script (e.g. -Pmyprop=myvalue).
-p, --project-dir Specifies the start directory for Gradle. Defaults to current directory.
--parallel Build projects in parallel. Gradle will attempt to determine the optimal number of executor threads to use.
--priority Specifies the scheduling priority for the Gradle daemon and all processes launched by it. Values are 'normal' (default) or 'low' [incubating]
--profile Profile build execution time and generates a report in the <build_dir>/reports/profile directory.
--project-cache-dir Specify the project-specific cache directory. Defaults to .gradle in the root project directory.
-q, --quiet Log errors only.
--refresh-dependencies Refresh the state of dependencies.
--refresh-keys Refresh the public keys used for dependency verification. [incubating]
--rerun-tasks Ignore previously cached task results.
-S, --full-stacktrace Print out the full (very verbose) stacktrace for all exceptions.
-s, --stacktrace Print out the stacktrace for all exceptions.
--scan Creates a build scan. Gradle will emit a warning if the build scan plugin has not been applied. (https://gradle.com/build-scans)
--status Shows status of running and recently stopped Gradle Daemon(s).
--stop Stops the Gradle Daemon if it is running.
-t, --continuous Enables continuous build. Gradle does not exit and will re-execute tasks when task file inputs change.
--update-locks Perform a partial update of the dependency lock, letting passed in module notations change version. [incubating]
-v, --version Print version info.
-w, --warn Set log level to warn.
--warning-mode Specifies which mode of warnings to generate. Values are 'all', 'fail', 'summary'(default) or 'none'
--watch-fs Enables watching the file system for changes, allowing data about the file system to be re-used for the next build. [incubating]
--write-locks Persists dependency resolution for locked configurations, ignoring existing locking information if it exists [incubating]
-x, --exclude-task Specify a task to be excluded from execution.直接gradle
$ gradle
=======================================
Elasticsearch Build Hamster says Hello!
Gradle Version : 6.6.1
OS Info : Mac OS X 10.14.5 (x86_64)
JDK Version : 11 (Oracle JDK)
JAVA_HOME : /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-11.0.8.jdk/Contents/Home
Random Testing Seed : 81391CAF341C3379
In FIPS 140 mode : false
=======================================
> Task :help
Welcome to Gradle 6.6.1.
To run a build, run gradle <task> ...
To see a list of available tasks, run gradle tasks
To see a list of command-line options, run gradle --help
To see more detail about a task, run gradle help --task <task>
For troubleshooting, visit https://help.gradle.org
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 4s
1 actionable task: 1 executedgradle build
装配所有输出并运行所有检查
gradle run
运行所有任务
gradle check
验证任务，包括测试和初始化
gradle clean
清理所有输出
gradle projects
项目报告,包括子项目
gradle tasks
所有的tasks列表
gradle -q help –task xxx
展示指定任务的详细信息
gradle buildEnvironment
展示构建环境依赖关系报告
gradle dependencyInsight
展示依赖关系报告
gradle model
展示模型关系报告
gradle dependencies
展示項目依賴。
$ gradle dependencies
<-------------> 0% INITIALIZING [47s]
=======================================
Elasticsearch Build Hamster says Hello!
Gradle Version : 6.6.1
OS Info : Mac OS X 10.14.5 (x86_64)
JDK Version : 11 (Oracle JDK)
JAVA_HOME : /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-11.0.8.jdk/Contents/Home
Random Testing Seed : 4F74E0BEC4127C06
In FIPS 140 mode : false
=======================================
> Task :dependencies
------------------------------------------------------------
Root project - Elasticsearch subproject :
------------------------------------------------------------
elasticsearch_7.0.0_archive_darwin_default
\--- elasticsearch-distribution:elasticsearch:7.0.0
elasticsearch_7.0.0_archive_darwin_oss
\--- elasticsearch-distribution:elasticsearch-oss:7.0.0
elasticsearch_7.0.1_archive_darwin_default
\--- elasticsearch-distribution:elasticsearch:7.0.1
。。。
es_distro_file_local
\--- project :distribution:archives:darwin-tar
es_distro_file_testclusters--runTask-0-8.0.0-SNAPSHOT-
\--- project :distribution:archives:darwin-tar
。。。
(*) - dependencies omitted (listed previously)
A web-based, searchable dependency report is available by adding the --scan option.
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 5m 13s
1 actionable task: 1 executed安裝教程
Installing with a package manager
SDKMAN! is a tool for managing parallel versions of multiple Software Development Kits on most Unix-based systems.
$ sdk install gradle 6.6.1Homebrew is “the missing package manager for macOS”.
$ brew install gradleOther package managers are available, but the version of Gradle distributed by them is not controlled by Gradle, Inc. Linux package managers may distribute a modified version of Gradle that is incompatible or incomplete when compared to the official version (available from SDKMAN! or below).
› Additional helpful information
Installing manually
Step 1. Download the latest Gradle distribution
The current Gradle release is version 6.6.1, released on 25 Aug 2020. The distribution zip file comes in two flavors:
- Binary-only
- Complete, with docs and sources
If in doubt, choose the binary-only version and browse docs and sources online.
Need to work with an older version? See the releases page.
Step 2. Unpack the distribution
Linux & MacOS users
Unzip the distribution zip file in the directory of your choosing, e.g.:
$ mkdir /opt/gradle
$ unzip -d /opt/gradle gradle-6.6.1-bin.zip
$ ls /opt/gradle/gradle-6.6.1
LICENSE NOTICE bin getting-started.html init.d lib mediaMicrosoft Windows users
Create a new directory C:\Gradle with File Explorer.
Open a second File Explorer window and go to the directory where the Gradle distribution was downloaded. Double-click the ZIP archive to expose the content. Drag the content folder gradle-6.6.1 to your newly created C:\Gradle folder.
Alternatively you can unpack the Gradle distribution ZIP into C:\Gradle using an archiver tool of your choice.
Step 3. Configure your system environment
Linux & MacOS users
Configure your PATH environment variable to include the bin directory of the unzipped distribution, e.g.:
$ export PATH=$PATH:/opt/gradle/gradle-6.6.1/binMicrosoft Windows users
In File Explorer right-click on the This PC (or Computer) icon, then click Properties -> Advanced System Settings -> Environmental Variables.
Under System Variables select Path, then click Edit. Add an entry for C:\Gradle\gradle-6.6.1\bin. Click OK to save.
Step 4. Verify your installation
Open a console (or a Windows command prompt) and run gradle -v to run gradle and display the version, e.g.:
$ gradle -v
------------------------------------------------------------
Gradle 6.6.1
------------------------------------------------------------› Additional helpful information
Upgrade with the Gradle Wrapper
If your existing Gradle-based build uses the Gradle Wrapper, you can easily upgrade by running the wrapper task, specifying the desired Gradle version:
$ ./gradlew wrapper --gradle-version=6.6.1 --distribution-type=binNote that it is not necessary for Gradle to be installed to use the Gradle wrapper. The next invocation of gradlew or gradlew.bat will download and cache the specified version of Gradle.
$ ./gradlew tasks
Downloading https://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-6.6.1-bin.zip
...› Additional helpful information
Older Releases
You can find all releases and their checksums on the releases page.
Command-Line Completion
Command-line completion scripts are available for bash and zsh. This provides completion for Gradle tasks and command-line options.
/elasticsearch$ gradle -v
------------------------------------------------------------
Gradle 6.6.1
------------------------------------------------------------
Build time: 2020-08-25 16:29:12 UTC
Revision: f2d1fb54a951d8b11d25748e4711bec8d128d7e3
Kotlin: 1.3.72
Groovy: 2.5.12
Ant: Apache Ant(TM) version 1.10.8 compiled on May 10 2020
JVM: 11.0.8 (Oracle Corporation 11.0.8+10-LTS)
OS: Mac OS X 10.14.5 x86_64參考資料
「1」https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/9877862.html
Kotlin开发者社区
专注分享 Java、 Kotlin、Spring/Spring Boot、MySQL、redis、neo4j、NoSQL、Android、JavaScript、React、Node、函数式编程、编程思想、"高可用，高性能，高实时"大型分布式系统架构设计主题。
High availability, high performance, high real-time large-scale distributed system architecture design。
分布式框架：Zookeeper、分布式中间件框架等
分布式存储：GridFS、FastDFS、TFS、MemCache、redis等
分布式数据库：Cobar、tddl、Amoeba、Mycat
云计算、大数据、AI算法
虚拟化、云原生技术
分布式计算框架：MapReduce、Hadoop、Storm、Flink等
分布式通信机制：Dubbo、RPC调用、共享远程数据、消息队列等
消息队列MQ：Kafka、MetaQ，RocketMQ
怎样打造高可用系统：基于硬件、软件中间件、系统架构等一些典型方案的实现：HAProxy、基于Corosync+Pacemaker的高可用集群套件中间件系统
Mycat架构分布式演进
大数据Join背后的难题：数据、网络、内存和计算能力的矛盾和调和
Java分布式系统中的高性能难题：AIO，NIO，Netty还是自己开发框架？
高性能事件派发机制：线程池模型、Disruptor模型等等。。。
合抱之木，生于毫末；九层之台，起于垒土；千里之行，始于足下。不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江河。
Kotlin 简介
Kotlin是一门非研究性的语言，它是一门非常务实的工业级编程语言，它的使命就是帮助程序员们解决实际工程实践中的问题。使用Kotlin 让 Java程序员们的生活变得更好，Java中的那些空指针错误，浪费时间的冗长的样板代码，啰嗦的语法限制等等，在Kotlin中统统消失。Kotlin 简单务实，语法简洁而强大，安全且表达力强，极富生产力。
Java诞生于1995年，至今已有23年历史。当前最新版本是 Java 9。在 JVM 生态不断发展繁荣的过程中，也诞生了Scala、Groovy、Clojure 等兄弟语言。
Kotlin 也正是 JVM 家族中的优秀一员。Kotlin是一种现代语言（版本1.0于2016年2月发布）。它最初的目的是像Scala那样，优化Java语言的缺陷，提供更加简单实用的编程语言特性，并且解决了性能上的问题，比如编译时间。 JetBrains在这些方面做得非常出色。
Kotlin语言的特性
用 Java 开发多年以后，能够尝试一些新的东西真是太棒了。如果您是 Java 开发人员，使用 Kotlin 将会非常自然流畅。如果你是一个Swift开发者，你将会感到似曾相识，比如可空性（Nullability）。 Kotlin语言的特性有：
1.简洁
大幅减少样板代码量。
2.与Java的100%互操作性
Kotlin可以直接与Java类交互，反之亦然。这个特性使得我们可以直接重用我们的代码库，并将其迁移到 Kotlin中。由于Java的互操作性几乎无处不在。我们可以直接访问平台API以及现有的代码库，同时仍然享受和使用 Kotlin 的所有强大的现代语言功能。
3.扩展函数
Kotlin 类似于 C# 和 Gosu, 它提供了为现有类提供新功能扩展的能力，而不必从该类继承或使用任何类型的设计模式 (如装饰器模式)。
4.函数式编程
Kotlin 语言一等支持函数式编程，就像Scala一样。具备高阶函数、Lambda 表达式等函数式基本特性。
5.默认和命名参数
在Kotlin中，您可以为函数中的参数设置一个默认值，并给每个参数一个名称。这有助于编写易读的代码。
6.强大的开发工具支持
而由于是JetBrains出品，我们拥有很棒的IDE支持。虽然Java到Kotlin的自动转换并不是100% OK 的，但它确实是一个非常好的工具。使用 IDEA 的工具转换Java代码为 Kotlin 代码时，可以轻松地重用60％-70％的结果代码，而且修改成本很小。
Kotlin 除了简洁强大的语法特性外，还有实用性非常强的API以及围绕它构建的生态系统。例如：集合类 API、IO 扩展类、反射API 等。同时 Kotlin 社区也提供了丰富的文档和大量的学习资料，还有在线REPL。
A modern programming language that makes developers happier. Open source forever