1,登陆物理机器
2,查看物理机建立虚拟机的列表
root:~ # xm li Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 49450 8 r----- 52615.6 vm0001 83 2048 2 -b---- 86.7 vm0004 1 4096 8 -b---- 3545138.5 vm1001 3 2048 2 -b---- 625.1
3,查看物理机对应各自虚拟机存放的路径(比如我想查看vm1001具体存放在哪个磁盘)
root:~ # xm li -l |grep "vm1001" (name vm1001) (uname file://opt/xen/image/vm1001.img) (uname file://opt/xen/image/vm1001.log.img)
可以看到具体的存放路径
4,如果么台机器挂死,想重启该机器
root:~ # xm shutdown vm1001 或者直接用ID号来取代名字 比如vm1001对应的id号就是3 xm shutdown 3
5,如果机器想强制重启,将上面的步骤由shutdown 换成 destroy 即可
6,如果创建虚拟机,创建脚本示例如下
Usage: ./createvm.sh hostname ip disksize[G] memory[M](./createvm.sh vmtest 10.6.2.199 10 512)
脚本内容
#!/bin/bash function mk_img_log() { dname=$1 ddsize=$2 if [ -e "$dname" ] ; then echo "$dname exist" exit -1 fi if [ "$ddsize" -gt "0" ] ; then dd if=/dev/zero of="$dname" bs=1G count=0 seek=$ddsize mkfs -t reiserfs -f -q "$dname" fi } function mk_img_disk() { dname=$1 ddsize=$2 if [ -e "$dname" ] ; then echo "$dname exist" exit -1 fi if [ "$ddsize" -gt "0" ] ; then dd if=/dev/zero of="$dname" bs=1G count=$ddsize mkfs -t reiserfs -f -q "$dname" sed -i "s/^#//" $diskpath/etc/vm*.sxp fi } hostname=$1 vmip=$2 dsize=$3 msize=$4 vcpus=2 logsize=50 pfvmip=`echo "$vmip" | awk -F. '{print $4}'` [ "$#" -ne "4" ] && echo "Usage: $0 hostname ip disksize[G] memory[M]" && exit diskpath=`pwd` gw=$(echo $vmip|sed 's/[0-9]*$/1/') #局域网网关 vmmac=00:16:$(echo $vmip|awk -F'.' '{printf("%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X",$1,$2,$3,$4)}') vmname=vm$(echo $vmip|awk -F'.' '{print ($2* 1000 + $4)}') os_disk="/$diskpath/image/${vmname}.img" data_disk="/$diskpath/image/${vmname}.disk.img" log_disk="/$diskpath/image/${vmname}.log.img" mkdir -p etc image mnt #下面一直到End-of-sxp为sxp文件内容 cat > etc/${vmname}.sxp <<End-of-sxp name="${vmname}" memory=$msize vcpus=$vcpus on_poweroff="destroy" on_reboot="restart" on_crash="destroy" localtime=0 builder="linux" bootloader="/usr/bin/pygrub" bootargs="" extra=" " disk=[ 'file:$os_disk,xvda,w', #'file:$data_disk,xvdd1,w', 'file:$log_disk,xvde1,w', 'file:/vm/iso/SLES-11-SP1-x86_64.iso,xvdb:cdrom,r', ] vif=[ 'mac=${vmmac}',] vfb=['type=vnc,vncunused=1'] End-of-sxp tar zxvf /vm/suse11-x64.img.tar.gz mv `pwd`/vm/suse11-x64.img $diskpath/image/$vmname.img mk_img_disk "$diskpath/image/$vmname.disk.img" $dsize mk_img_log "$diskpath/image/$vmname.log.img" $logsize mount -o loop,offset=1069286400 image/$vmname.img mnt sed -e "s/\(^IPADDR=.*\)/IPADDR=\"$vmip\"/" -i mnt/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-eth0 echo "xen.independent_wallclock = 1" >> mnt/etc/sysctl.conf sed -e "/\(^## server xx.*\)/a server 10.0.0.3\nserver pool.ntp.org" -i mnt/etc/ntp.conf echo "default $gw - -" > mnt/etc/sysconfig/network/routes #默认网关 echo $hostname > mnt/etc/HOSTNAME umount mnt rm -r mnt
其中mount -o loop,offset=? image/$vmname.img mnt是把虚拟系统磁盘挂载到mnt目录下,进入mnt目录下可以直接操作虚拟机的系统文件。loop代表光盘格式,offset计算方法如下,为系统分区所在img的偏移。
root:/xen # fdisk -lu suse11-x64.img You must set cylinders. You can do this from the extra functions menu. Disk suse11-x64.img: 0 MB, 0 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 0 cylinders, total 0 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System suse11-x64.img1 63 2088449 1044193+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris suse11-x64.img2 * 2088450 18860309 8385930 83 Linux Partition 2 has different physical/logical endings: phys=(1023, 254, 63) logical=(1173, 254, 63) #2088450 * 512 = 偏移
7,创建成功后,要启动虚拟机,找到对应的配置文件,默认在当前创建脚本目录的etc 目录下
xm create vm1001.sxp 或者后面直接跟全路径
8,创建成功后,发现网络不通 或者其他什么原因 导致远程ssh 连不上该机器
先用xm li 查看系统虚拟机对应的ID 号
xm console ID号 或者名字(输入Ctrl+']'跳出)
9,sxp 文件详解
name="vm1001" #虚拟机名字 memory=1024 #虚拟机内存1G vcpus=1 #虚拟机cpu个数 on_poweroff="destroy" #强制关闭虚拟机指令 on_reboot="restart" #重启虚拟机指令 on_crash="destroy" localtime=0 builder="linux" bootloader="/usr/lib/xen/boot/domUloader.py" bootargs="--entry=xvda2:/boot/vmlinuz-xen,/boot/initrd-xen" extra=" " disk=[ 'file://disk/62b53a33-e8d9-49ae-b7b9-97024d64ef1c/image/vm1001.img,xvda,w', 'file://disk/62b53a33-e8d9-49ae-b7b9-97024d64ef1c/image/vm1001.log.img,xvde1,w', 'file:/vm/iso/SLES-11-SP1-x86_64.iso,xvdb:cdrom,r', ] vif=[ 'mac=00:16:0A:06:02:6D',] #虚拟机MAC地址,保证局域网内唯一性 vfb=['type=vnc,vncunused=1']
参考网页如下: