一、页面链接
引用
验证码:<input type="text" class="verify_input" id="validateCode" name="validateCode" maxlength="4">
<img id="vCode" src="validateImage.jpg" align="absmiddle" />
<a href="#" onclick="changeCode();">看不清,换一个</a>
<img id="vCode" src="validateImage.jpg" align="absmiddle" />
<a href="#" onclick="changeCode();">看不清,换一个</a>
二、在Web.xml中配置validateImg的映射路径
<servlet> <servlet-name>validateImg</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.cytest.ValidateImg</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>validateImg</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/validateImage.jpg</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
三、ValidateImg.java的具体实现
package com.cytest; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; import java.io.*; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.image.*; import java.util.*; import javax.imageio.*; public class ValidateImg extends HttpServlet { //定义图形验证码中绘制字符的字体 private final Font mFont = new Font("Arial Black", Font.PLAIN, 16); //定义图形验证码的大小 private final int IMG_WIDTH = 70; private final int IMG_HEIGTH = 20; /** * 定义一个获取随机颜色的方法 */ private Color getRandColor(int fc,int bc) { Random random = new Random(); if(fc > 255) fc = 255; if(bc > 255) bc=255; int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc); //得到随机颜色 return new Color(r , g , b); } /** * 重写service方法,生成对客户端的响应 */ public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //设置禁止缓存 response.setHeader("Pragma","No-cache"); response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache"); response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); response.setContentType("image/jpeg"); BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(IMG_WIDTH , IMG_HEIGTH , BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Graphics g = image.getGraphics(); Random random = new Random(); g.setColor(getRandColor(200 , 250)); //填充背景色 g.fillRect(1, 1, IMG_WIDTH - 1, IMG_HEIGTH - 1); //为图形验证码绘制边框 g.setColor(new Color(102 , 102 , 102)); g.drawRect(0, 0, IMG_WIDTH - 1, IMG_HEIGTH - 1); g.setColor(getRandColor(160,200)); //生成随机干扰线 for (int i = 0 ; i < 80 ; i++) { int x = random.nextInt(IMG_WIDTH - 1); int y = random.nextInt(IMG_HEIGTH - 1); int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1; int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1; g.drawLine(x , y , x + xl , y + yl); } g.setColor(getRandColor(160,200)); //生成随机干扰线 for (int i = 0 ; i < 80 ; i++) { int x = random.nextInt(IMG_WIDTH - 1); int y = random.nextInt(IMG_HEIGTH - 1); int xl = random.nextInt(12) + 1; int yl = random.nextInt(6) + 1; g.drawLine(x , y , x - xl , y - yl); } //设置绘制字符的字体 g.setFont(mFont); //用于保存系统生成的随机字符串 String sRand = ""; for (int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++) { String tmp = getRandomChar(); sRand += tmp; //获取随机颜色 g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110) ,20 + random.nextInt(110) ,20 + random.nextInt(110))); //在图片上绘制系统生成的随机字符 g.drawString(tmp , 15 * i + 10,15); } //获取HttpSesssion对象 HttpSession session = request.getSession(true); //将随机字符串放入HttpSesssion对象中 session.setAttribute("randNum" , sRand); g.dispose(); //向输出流中输出图片 ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream()); } /** * 获取随机字符串 * @return */ private String getRandomChar() { //生成一个0、1、2的随机数字 int rand = (int)Math.round(Math.random() * 2); long itmp = 0; char ctmp = '\u0000'; switch (rand) { //生成大写字母 case 1: itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 25 + 65); ctmp = (char)itmp; return String.valueOf(ctmp); //生成小写字母 case 2: itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 25 + 97); ctmp = (char)itmp; return String.valueOf(ctmp); //生成数字 default : itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 9); return itmp + ""; } } }
四、不小心误删Tomcat下的temp,出现了验证码图片无法加载的错误
原因:ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());此句需要写缓冲文件,该文件保存在temp下,当其不存在时,导致can't create output stream!
1.在Tomcat下手动创建一个temp
2.将ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());换成如下语句:
引用
JPEGImageEncoder encoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(response.getOutputStream());
encoder.encode(image);
encoder.encode(image);
PS:以上是解决此问题的2种方式