Mapnik简介：Mapnik是一个矢量地图渲染器。从2005年就出生了。从它的https://mapnik.org/news/archive.html生命线上就可以看出来。

Mapnik安装：Mapnik的安装和运行，官方没有提供编译好的包，需要自己手动编译运行。当然，也可以使用非官方的下载，例如：pip install mapnik-python。import mapnik。

>>Mapnik WIKI：https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/wiki

Python bindings&C++ binary

Mapnik is an open source toolkit for developing mapping applications. At the core is a C++ shared library providing algorithms and patterns for spatial data access and visualization.

Mapnik is basically a collection of geographic objects like maps, layers, datasources, features, and geometries. The library doesn't rely on any OS specific "windowing systems" and it can be deployed to any server environment. It is intended to play fair in a multi-threaded environment and is aimed primarily, but not exclusively, at web-based development.

For further information see http://mapnik.org and also our wiki documentation.

Mapnik Installation

Mapnik runs on Linux, OS X, Windows, and BSD systems.

First clone mapnik from github and initialize submodules

git clone https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik.git
cd mapnik
git submodule update --init

To configure and build Mapnik do:

./configure
make

To trigger parallel compilation you can pass a JOBS value to make:

JOBS=4 make

Mapnik needs > 2 GB of RAM to build. If you use parallel compilation it needs more.

If you are on a system with less memory make sure you only build with one JOB:

JOBS=1 make

To use a Python interpreter that is not named python for your build, do something like the following instead:

    $ PYTHON=python2 ./configure
    $ make PYTHON=python2

NOTE: the above will not work on windows, rather see https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/wiki/WindowsInstallation https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik-packaging/tree/master/windows

注意：上述过程在Windows操作系统上并不成立，另请查看 https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/wiki/WindowsInstallation https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik-packaging/tree/master/windows

Then to run the tests locally (without needing to install):

make test

Install like:

make install

If you need to uninstall do:

make uninstall

For more details see the Building Section below.

Platform specific install guides at https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/wiki/Mapnik-Installation

For troubleshooting help see https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/wiki/InstallationTroubleshooting

Depends（依赖库）

Build system dependencies are:

C++ compiler supporting -std=c++11 (like >= g++ 4.8 or >= clang++ 3.4)
= 2 GB RAM (> 5 GB for g++)
Python 2.4-2.7
Scons (a copy is bundled)

Mapnik Core depends on:

Boost
- = 1.47 is required and >= 1.56 recommended
- These libraries are used:
  - filesystem
  - system
  - regex (optionally built with icu regex support)
  - program_options (optionally for mapnik command line programs)
libicuuc >= 4.0 (ideally >= 4.2) - International Components for Unicode
libz - Zlib compression
libfreetype - Freetype2 for font support (Install requires freetype-config)
libxml2 - XML parsing (Install requires xml2-config)
libharfbuzz - an OpenType text shaping engine (>=0.9.34 needed for CSS font-feature-settings support)

Mapnik Core optionally depends on:

libpng >= 1.2.x - PNG graphics (Default enabled, if found)
libjpeg - JPEG graphics (Default enabled, if found)
libtiff - TIFF graphics (Default enabled, if found)
libwebp - WEBP graphics (Default enabled, if found)
libproj - PROJ.4 projection library (Default enabled, if found)

Additional optional dependencies:

Cairo >= 1.6.0 - Graphics library for output formats like PDF, PS, and SVG
- pkg-config - Required for building with cairo support
PostgreSQL (for PostGIS plugin support)
- libpq - PostreSQL libraries
- pg_config - PostgreSQL installation capabilities
libgdal - GDAL/OGR input (For gdal and ogr plugin support) (>= GDAL 2.0.2 for thread safety - https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/issues/3339)
libsqlite3 - SQLite input (needs RTree support builtin) (sqlite plugin support)

Instructions for installing many of these dependencies on various platforms can be found at the Mapnik Wiki:

https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/wiki/Mapnik-Installation

Building（编译）

The build system uses SCons, a pure python equivalent to autotools or cmake.

We provide a simple Makefile wrapper that can be used like:

./configure && make && make install

For help on what options are accepted do:

./configure --help

To interact with the local copy of scons directly you can do:

python scons/scons.py configure

You can also use a globally installed scons:

scons configure

If you want to clean your build do:

make clean

If you experience odd configure errors, try cleaning the configure caches:

make distclean

To install in a custom location do:

./configure PREFIX=/opt/mapnik

To pass custom CXXFLAGS or LDFLAGS do:

./configure CUSTOM_CXXFLAGS="-g -I/usr/include" CUSTOM_LDFLAGS="-L/usr/lib"

To pass custom paths to a dependency, like boost, do:

./configure BOOST_INCLUDES=/opt/boost/include BOOST_LIBS=/opt/boost/lib

To pass custom paths to a dependency, like icu, do:

./configure ICU_INCLUDES=/usr/local/include ICU_LIBS=/usr/local/include

For more details on usage see:

https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/wiki/UsingScons

Testing Installation

You can run the Mapnik tests locally (without installing) like:

make test

Python Bindings(请注意，Python Bindings不会自动包含，你需要分别添加）

Python bindings are not included by default. You'll need to add those separately.

Build from source: https://github.com/mapnik/python-mapnik

Learning Mapnik

Help

Mapnik has an active community of talented users and developers making beautiful maps.

If you need help or want to participate starting points include:

Sign up and post to the mailing list: http://mapnik.org/contact/
Join and ask questions on the #mapnik channel on irc://irc.freenode.net/mapnik
Add your help questions to https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik-support

Cartographers

TileMill, which uses Mapnik internally, offers great step by step tutorials for learning advanced map styling: https://tilemill-project.github.io/tilemill/docs/crashcourse/introduction/

Programmers

Mapnik is great for building your own mapping applications. Visit https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/wiki/LearningMapnik for basic tutorials on how to programmatically use Mapnik.

Contributors

Read docs/contributing.md for resources for getting involved with Mapnik development.

参考文献：https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/blob/master/INSTALL.md

>>用java調用mapnik：https://github.com/pmauduit/mapnik-java/issues/1

libmapnik-dev:https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mapnik/3.0.19+ds-1

Mapnik简介与安装