Linux 虚拟机自动批量配置ssh免密登陆

1.脚本需要的环境

需要注意：各台机器需要安装expect。
假如连接外网则可以使用yum安装。
yum install expect.
假如没有连接外网的条件，也可以使用rpm包进行安装

2.脚本编写

脚本编写如下：
其中第一个参数为要设置ssh的用户名称，这里为spark
第二个参数为用户对应的密码
第三个参数为要设置互通ssh的机器的ip列表

vi autoSSH.sh

#!/bin/sh
DEST_USER=$1
PASSWORD=$2
HOSTS_FILE=$3
if [ $# -ne 3 ]; then
    echo "Usage:"
    echo "$0 remoteUser remotePassword hostsFile"
    exit 1
fi

SSH_DIR=~/.ssh
SCRIPT_PREFIX=./tmp
echo ===========================
 # 1. prepare  directory .ssh
mkdir $SSH_DIR
chmod 700 $SSH_DIR

# 2. generat ssh key
TMP_SCRIPT=$SCRIPT_PREFIX.sh
echo  "#!/usr/bin/expect">$TMP_SCRIPT
echo  "spawn ssh-keygen -b 1024 -t rsa">>$TMP_SCRIPT
echo  "expect *key*">>$TMP_SCRIPT
echo  "send \r">>$TMP_SCRIPT
if [ -f $SSH_DIR/id_rsa ]; then
    echo  "expect *verwrite*">>$TMP_SCRIPT
    echo  "send y\r">>$TMP_SCRIPT
fi
echo  "expect *passphrase*">>$TMP_SCRIPT
echo  "send \r">>$TMP_SCRIPT
echo  "expect *again:">>$TMP_SCRIPT
echo  "send \r">>$TMP_SCRIPT
echo  "interact">>$TMP_SCRIPT

chmod +x $TMP_SCRIPT

/usr/bin/expect $TMP_SCRIPT
rm $TMP_SCRIPT

# 3. generat file authorized_keys
cat $SSH_DIR/id_rsa.pub>>$SSH_DIR/authorized_keys

# 4. chmod 600 for file authorized_keys
chmod 600 $SSH_DIR/authorized_keys
echo ===========================
# 5. copy all files to other hosts
for ip in $(cat $HOSTS_FILE)  
do
    if [ "x$ip" != "x" ]; then
        echo -------------------------
        TMP_SCRIPT=${SCRIPT_PREFIX}.$ip.sh
        # check known_hosts
        val=`ssh-keygen -F $ip`
        if [ "x$val" == "x" ]; then
            echo "$ip not in $SSH_DIR/known_hosts, need to add"
            val=`ssh-keyscan $ip 2>/dev/null`
            if [ "x$val" == "x" ]; then
                echo "ssh-keyscan $ip failed!"
            else
                echo $val>>$SSH_DIR/known_hosts
            fi
        fi
        echo "copy $SSH_DIR to $ip"
                
        echo  "#!/usr/bin/expect">$TMP_SCRIPT
        echo  "spawn scp -r  $SSH_DIR $DEST_USER@$ip:~/">>$TMP_SCRIPT
        echo  "expect *assword*">>$TMP_SCRIPT
        echo  "send $PASSWORD\r">>$TMP_SCRIPT
        echo  "interact">>$TMP_SCRIPT
        
        chmod +x $TMP_SCRIPT
        #echo "/usr/bin/expect $TMP_SCRIPT" >$TMP_SCRIPT.do
        #sh $TMP_SCRIPT.do&
    
        /usr/bin/expect $TMP_SCRIPT
        rm $TMP_SCRIPT
        echo "copy done."                
    fi
done

echo done.

3.脚本运行方式

脚本运行方式 ./autoSSH.sh spark 123456 /etc/hosts.conf
执行完成之后便可以几台机器之间进行ssh免密登陆了