在使用Sonar扫描代码是发现AES工具类提示如下漏洞

很明显。漏洞存在于红色方框
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(“Blowfish/ECB/PKCS5Padding”);
查看漏洞详细信息，可以看到漏洞的现象情况，及正确示例
存在漏洞的使用方式

Cipher c0 = Cipher.getInstance("AES"); // Noncompliant: by default ECB mode is chosen
Cipher c1 = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/NoPadding"); // Noncompliant: ECB doesn't provide serious message confidentiality
Cipher c6 = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding"); // Noncompliant: CBC with PKCS5 is vulnerable to oracle padding attacks
Cipher c9 = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding"); // Noncompliant: CBC with PKCS7 is vulnerable to oracle padding attacks

正确的方式
Cipher c5 = Cipher.getInstance(“AES/GCM/NoPadding”); // Compliant
直接切换成这个模式后，提示如下错误

因为这里切换了加密模式，所以需要使用对应的加密模式的加密参数。
将原先的private static IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec切换成
private static GCMParameterSpec gcMParameterSpec;
正确的AES加密工具类如下

public class Aes256Utils {
    
    
    /**
     * 密钥, 256位32个字节
     */
    public static final String DEFAULT_SECRET_KEY = "uBdUx82vPHkDKb284d7NkjFoNcKWBuka";

    private static final String AES = "AES";
    /**
     * 初始向量IV, 初始向量IV的长度规定为128位16个字节, 初始向量的来源为随机生成.
     */
    private static GCMParameterSpec gcMParameterSpec;

    /**
     * 加密解密算法/加密模式/填充方式
     */
    private static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "AES/GCM/NoPadding";

    static {
    
    
        SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
        byte[] bytesIV = new byte[16];
        random.nextBytes(bytesIV);
        gcMParameterSpec = new GCMParameterSpec(128, bytesIV);
        ;
        java.security.Security.setProperty("crypto.policy", "unlimited");
    }

    /**
     * AES加密
     */
    public static String encode(String key, String content) {
    
    
        try {
    
    
            SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), AES);
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, gcMParameterSpec);
            // 获取加密内容的字节数组(这里要设置为utf-8)不然内容中如果有中文和英文混合中文就会解密为乱码1
            byte[] byteEncode = content.getBytes(java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            // 根据密码器的初始化方式加密
            byte[] byteAes = cipher.doFinal(byteEncode);
            // 将加密后的数据转换为字符串
            return Pbkdf2Utils.toHex(byteAes);
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
    
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * AES解密
     */
    public static String decode(String key, String content) {
    
    
        try {
    
    
            SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), AES);
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
            cipher.init(javax.crypto.Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, gcMParameterSpec);
            // 将加密并编码后的内容解码成字节数组
            byte[] byteContent = Pbkdf2Utils.fromHex(content);
            // 解密
            byte[] byteDecode = cipher.doFinal(byteContent);
            return new String(byteDecode, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
    
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

}