1. 安装IK分词器
ElasticSearch 默认采用的分词器, 是单个字分词 ,效果很差 ,我们需要安装一个更实用的分词器,这里采用 IK分词器
jar包下载地址:https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases
源码下载地址:https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/tree
这里用 ZIP 格式下载
IK 分词器解压即可使用,打开ES的安装目录,然后打开 plugins 目录,建立一个文件夹(我这里取名为:elasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.6.2,为了区分别的插件),将ZIP文件解压在这个文件下就可以。
解压之后重启ES:
2. Kibana安装和使用
Kibana是一个针对Elasticsearch的开源分析及可视化平台,使用Kibana可以查询、查看并与存储在ES索引的数据进行交互操作,使用Kibana能执行高级的数据分析,并能以图表、表格和地图的形式查看数据。
Kibana 是 ELK 的一个组成。
E:EalsticSearch,搜索和分析的功能
L:Logstach,搜集数据的功能,类似于flume(使用方法几乎跟flume一模一样),是日志收集系统1
K:Kibana,数据可视化(分析),可以用图表的方式来去展示,文不如表,表不如图,是数据可视化平台
ELK概述
ELK | 实现语言 | 简介 |
---|---|---|
ElasticSearch | Java | 实时的分布式搜索和分析引擎,可用于全文检索,结构化搜索以及分析,基层基于Lucene。类似于Solr |
Logstash | JRuby | 具有实时渠道能力的数据收集引擎,包含输入、过滤、输出模块,一般在过滤模块中做日志格式化的解析工作 |
Kibana | JavaScript | 为ElasticSerach提供分析平台和可视化的Web平台。他可以ElasticSerach的索引中查找,呼唤数据,并生成各种维度的表图 |
ELK的相关参考资料:
ELK官网:https://www.elastic.co/
ELK官网文档:https://www.elastic.co/guide
ELK中文手册:https://www.elastic.co/guide
ELK中文社区:https://elasticsearch.cn
2.1 Kibana下载
【注意】 Kibana 版本要和你安装的ES版本一致
最新版本下载地址:https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/kibana
其他版本下载地址:https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/past-releases
选择对应你的电脑版本进行下载zip文件
下载好之后,解压:
解压之后,会有一个 kibana-版本号-系统-位
的文件夹(kibana-6.6.2-windows-x86_64)
内部文件目录:
类型 | 描述 |
---|---|
**home** | Kibana home 目录就是解压之后的目录(kibana-6.6.2-windows-x86_64) |
**bin** | 二进制脚本,包括 `kibana` 启动 Kibana 服务和 `kibana-plugin` 安装插件。 |
**config** | 配置文件包括 `kibana.yml` 。 |
**data** | Kibana 和其插件写入磁盘的数据文件位置。 |
**optimize** | 编译过的源码。某些管理操作(如,插件安装)导致运行时重新编译源码。 |
**plugins** | 插件文件位置。每一个插件都一个单独的二级目录。 |
启动Kibana,在bin目录下的 kibana.bat
双击启动
启动之后通过地址:http://localhost:5601/,访问
【注意】启动Kibana之前要先启动ES,不然会报错:Error: No Living connections
Unable to revive connection: http://localhost:9200/
kibana配置:https://www.elastic.co/guide/cn/kibana/current/settings.html
如果需要修改配置,修改 /config/kibana.yml
配置文件。
Kibana的端口号5601,是一个Web应用程序。
访问Kibana页面,默认情况设置:
Discover 页面加载时选择的是默认索引模式。
时间过滤器设置的为最近15分钟。
搜索查询设置的是
match-all(\*)
可以通过:http://localhost:5601/status,来检查Kibana的当前状态,返回图标的格式显示。
也可以通过:http://localhost:5601/api/status,返回以JSON格式输出的Kibana的状态信息。
搜索数据的时候,你可以使用Kibana标准的查询语言(基于Lucene的查询语法)或者完全基于JSON的Elasticsearch查询语言DSL。
引号包括起来作为一个整体来搜索
在搜索的时候,用引号 " "
包裹起来的一段字符串叫短语搜索。
例如,
filed:"Hello World Kibana"
将在filed字段中搜索"Hello World Kibana"
这个短语。如果没有引号包裹,将会匹配到包含这些词的所有文档,并且不管它们的顺序如何。也就是有引号包裹的时候,只会匹配到"Hello World Kibana"
,而不会匹配到类似于"Hello Kibana World "
这种顺序不同的。
在Dev Tools 下写DSL语句,执行
Dev Tools的 Console 控制台支持CRUL,有以下特点
可以通过使用绿色三角形按钮向ES提交请求。
使用扳手菜单来做其他有用的事情(copy as curl,auto indent)。
可以以cURL格式粘贴请求,它们将被转换为控制台语法。
2.2 DSL语句
一般ES查询结果文档的图:
1 索引操作
查看集群的健康状况:GET /_cluster/health
或者 GET _cat/health
集群健康值(status 字段):
- 绿色 green —— 最健康的状态,代表所有的主分片和副本分片都可用,每个索引的primary shard和replica shard 都处于active的状态。
- 黄色 yellow ——所有的主分片可用,但是部分副本分片不可用,即每个索引的primary shard是active的状态,但是部分replica shard不是active的状态,处于不可用的状态。
- 红色 red ——部分主分片不可用,不是所有的primary shard 都是active的状态,这时候是危险的,至少我们不能保证写数据是安全的。(此时执行查询部分数据仍然可以查到,遇到这种情况,尽可能的快速解决。)
查询所有的索引:GET /_cat/indices?v
查询所有信息:GET _all
删除某个索引:DELETE /user
创建索引库:PUT user
(增加一个user的index库)
更详细地配置:
number_of_shards 分片数量;
number_of_replicas 副本数量。
- PUT 类似于SQL中的新增
- DELETE 类似于SQL中的删除
- POST 类似于SQL中的修改
- GET 类似于SQL中的查查询
PUT user
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"settings"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"number_of_shards"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> 5,
<span class="token string">"number_of_replicas"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> 2
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**2 映射操作**
添加映射(**ik_smart**是粗粒度检索,本身**分词**会较细粒度**max_word**少):
<pre>`PUT user/userinfo/_mapping
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"properties"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"type"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"text"</span>,
<span class="token string">"analyzer"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"ik_smart"</span>,
<span class="token string">"store"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> false,
<span class="token string">"search_analyzer"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"ik_smart"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>,
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"type"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"long"</span>,
<span class="token string">"store"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>,
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"type"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"text"</span>,
<span class="token string">"analyzer"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"ik_smart"</span>,
<span class="token string">"store"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> false,
<span class="token string">"search_analyzer"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"ik_smart"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
查看映射: `GET user/userinfo/_mapping`
**3 添加数据**
保存一篇文档到索引当中去 (相当于插入一条记录到一个数据库表当中)
保存文档到索引当中,如果没有设置id,会自动分配一个id。
<pre>`PUT user/userinfo/1
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span><span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span>,
<span class="token string">"age"</span>:2599,
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span><span class="token string">"齐天大圣"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
PUT user/userinfo/2
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span><span class="token string">"如来佛祖"</span>,
<span class="token string">"age"</span>:2586,
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span><span class="token string">"多宝道人"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**4 查询数据**
获取某个索引中某个类型某个id的数据(返回Json格式):
`GET 索引名/类型名/id`例如:
`GET user/userinfo/1` 或 `GET user/userinfo/1?_source`
获取某个索引中某个类型的某个id的某列数据:
`GET user/userinfo/1?_source=name`#
获取某个索引中某个类型某个id的某几列数据:
`GET user/userinfo/1?_source=name,description`
**match** - 标准查询(全文本查询/精准查询一般都用得上)
<pre>`<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**match_all**查询所有数据,匹配所有数据。
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match_all"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**_source** :返回指定字段的内容
<pre>`<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"_source"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
查询数据的时候,查询条件也会进行分词(所以这个方法查询到两条结果)
<pre>`<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空 如来佛祖"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**match_phrase**:让查询条件不进行分词,精确匹配(下面这个就查询不到数据,没有name为 `孙悟空 如来佛祖` 的文档数据)
<pre>`<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match_phrase"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空 如来佛祖"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**highlight** - 将查询结果高亮显示,默认以html的 `<em>` 标签包裹,可以自定义替换(支持html语言),关于高亮可以查看这个>>> [https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.6/search-request-highlighting.html](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.6/search-request-highlighting.html)
<pre>`<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"highlight"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"fields"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210226155309288.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQwNTQyNTM0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
**5. 更新数据Post**
PUT采用的是覆盖的方式进行文档的更新,但是这种修改会丢失数据, 这是全局的修改。
<pre>`PUT user/userinfo/1
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span><span class="token string">"猪八戒"</span>,
<span class="token string">"age"</span>:18,
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
执行上述的操作后,发现之前的 description 列消失了。
如果只需要更新某个字段使用Post(一般更新都使用Post):
<pre>`POST user/userinfo/1
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"doc"</span>:<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span><span class="token string">"沙悟净"</span>,
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span><span class="token string">"物流搬运工"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**Post 和 Put 更新数据的区别**
> Post是局部更新数据,别的数据不改变,只更新需要更新的数据。
PUT是全局更新,类似于将原数据删除,再插入新的更新数据。
**6 删除数据**
删除一条记录:`DELETE user/userinfo/1`
**7 高级查询**
搜索**排序**:按age年龄排序
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match_all"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>,
<span class="token string">"sort"</span>:<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span>:<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"order"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"desc"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
或者
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"sort"</span>:<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span>:<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"order"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"desc"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**分页**查询
from:从哪页开始
size:每页数据量
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match_all"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>,
<span class="token string">"sort"</span>:<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span>:<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"order"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"desc"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>,
<span class="token string">"from"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> 0,
<span class="token string">"size"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> 2
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**过滤**查询
**term** 词项搜索主要用于分词精确匹配字符串、数值、日期等值
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"term"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span>:<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> 2599
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
多个term词项搜索(多条件用**terms**)
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"terms"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>2599, 2586, 21<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**范围过滤**查询
**range** 过滤允许按照指定范围查找一批数据。
> **get**:起始数据
**lte**:结束数据 相当于一个闭区间 `[get, lte]`
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"range"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"gte"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> 18,
<span class="token string">"lte"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> 2586
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**exists**过滤查询 - 查找拥有某个域的数据(类似于mysql中该列有数据的就能查询出来)
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"exists"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"field"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"description"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
**bool** **过滤 - 用来合并多个过滤条件查询结果的布尔逻辑**(当需要多个查询条件拼接的时候就用bool),它包含以下操作符:
> * must:多个查询条件的完全匹配,相当于and;
- must_not:多个查询条件的相反匹配,相当于not;
- should:至少有一个查询条件匹配,相当于or。
**加粗样式**
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"bool"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"must"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"term"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>,
<span class="token string">"filter"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"range"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"gte"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> 18,
<span class="token string">"lte"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> 2600
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
根据某个字符搜索满足条件的数据
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"齐天大圣"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
根据字段前缀查询满足添加的数据
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"prefix"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
根据多个字段查询 - 根据fields中的列,找满足query的值(从多列中查找)
<pre>`GET /user/userinfo/_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"multi_match"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span><span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span>,
<span class="token string">"fields"</span><span class="token keyword">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span>,
<span class="token string">"description"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
`</pre>
、、
代码>>>
<pre>`# 查看集群健康状态
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>_cluster<span class="token operator">/</span>health
<span class="token constant">GET</span> _cat<span class="token operator">/</span>health
# 查询所有的索引
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>_cat<span class="token operator">/</span>indices<span class="token operator">?</span>v
# 查询所有信息
<span class="token constant">GET</span> _all
# 获取集群的节点列表
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>_cat<span class="token operator">/</span>nodes<span class="token operator">?</span>v
# 删除某个索引
<span class="token constant">DELETE</span> demo
# 创建索引库
<span class="token constant">PUT</span> user
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"settings"</span> <span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"number_of_shards"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"number_of_replicas"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 添加映射(<span class="token constant">IK</span>分词器:ik_smart是粗粒度检索)
<span class="token constant">PUT</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_mapping
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"properties"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"type"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"text"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"analyzer"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"ik_smart"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"store"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"search_analyzer"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"ik_smart"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"type"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"long"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"store"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"type"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"text"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"analyzer"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"ik_smart"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"store"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"search_analyzer"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"ik_smart"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 查看映射
<span class="token constant">GET</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_mapping
# 添加数据
<span class="token constant">PUT</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">2599</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token string">"齐天大圣"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token constant">PUT</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">2</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token string">"如来佛祖"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">2586</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token string">"多宝道人"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 查询数据
<span class="token constant">GET</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">1</span>
# 或者这么查询
<span class="token constant">GET</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token operator">?</span>_source
# match_all <span class="token operator">-</span> 查询所有数据
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match_all"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# match <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token function">标准查询</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>全文本查询<span class="token operator">/</span>精准查询一般都用得上<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 查询数据的时候,查询条件也会进行分词(所以查询到两条结果)
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空 如来佛祖"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 使用match_phrase,让查询条件不进行分词,精确匹配
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match_phrase"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空 如来佛祖"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# highlight <span class="token operator">-</span> 将查询结果高亮显示,默认是<span class="token operator"><</span>em<span class="token operator">></span>标签,可以自定义替换
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"highlight"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"fields"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 通过 _source 返回指定字段的内容
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"_source"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# <span class="token function">获取user索引中某个类型的某个id的某列</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>name<span class="token punctuation">)</span>数据
<span class="token constant">GET</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token operator">?</span>_source<span class="token operator">=</span>name
<span class="token constant">GET</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token operator">?</span>_source<span class="token operator">=</span>description
# 获取某个索引中某个类型某个id的某几列数据
<span class="token constant">GET</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token operator">?</span>_source<span class="token operator">=</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span>description
# 局部更新数据 Post(age没有更新还在)
<span class="token constant">POST</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token operator">/</span>_update
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"doc"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token string">"沙悟净"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token string">"物流搬运工"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 全局更新 <span class="token constant">PUT</span>(删掉重建,age被删除了)
<span class="token constant">PUT</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"doc"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token string">"沙悟净"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token string">"物流搬运工"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 搜索(按age年龄降序输出)
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match_all"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"sort"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"order"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"desc"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 分页查询 <span class="token keyword">from</span>:从哪页开始,size:每页数据量
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match_all"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"sort"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"order"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"desc"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"from"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"size"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 过滤查询 <span class="token operator">-</span> term(精确匹配字符串、日期、数值等)
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"term"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2599</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 多个term词项搜索(多条件)
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"terms"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">2599</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2586</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">21</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# range 范围过滤查询 <span class="token operator">-</span> 过滤允许按照指定范围查找一批数据。
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"range"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"gte"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">18</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"lte"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2586</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# exists过滤查询 <span class="token operator">-</span> 查找拥有某个域的数据
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"exists"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"field"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"description"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# bool 过滤 <span class="token operator">-</span> 合并多个过滤条件查询结果的布尔逻辑(多个查询条件拼接)
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"bool"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"must"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"term"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"filter"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"range"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"age"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"gte"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">18</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"lte"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2600</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 根据某个字符搜索满足条件的数据
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"match"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"齐天大圣"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 根据字段前缀查询满足添加的数据
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"prefix"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"孙"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 根据多个字段查询 <span class="token operator">-</span> 根据fields中的列,找满足query的值(从多列中查找)
<span class="token constant">GET</span> <span class="token operator">/</span>user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span>_search
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"multi_match"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"query"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token string">"孙悟空"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"fields"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
# 删除数据
<span class="token constant">DELETE</span> user<span class="token operator">/</span>userinfo<span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">2</span>