一、Android Hilt依赖注入框架的引入步骤如下:
1.引入Hilt,在App的Build.gradle目录下添加hilt插件和依赖:
plugins {
id ‘com.android.application’
id ‘kotlin-android’
id ‘kotlin-kapt’
id ‘dagger.hilt.android.plugin’
}
//Dagger - Hilt
implementation “com.google.dagger:hilt-android:2.30”
kapt “com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:2.30”
implementation "androidx.hilt:hilt-lifecycle-viewmodel:1.0.0-alpha03"
kapt "androidx.hilt:hilt-compiler:1.0.0"
// Activity KTX for viewModels()
implementation "androidx.activity:activity-ktx:1.3.1"
2.在项目的build.gradle目录下添加hilt的插件依赖:
buildscript {
ext.kotlin_version = “1.5.21”
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath “com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.1.1”
classpath “org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version”
classpath “com.google.dagger:hilt-android-gradle-plugin:2.28.3-alpha”
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
3.在项目中使用Java8
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
kotlinOptions {
jvmTarget = ‘1.8’
}
二、Hilt的简单使用
1.创建App类,继承于Application
@HiltAndroidApp
class App :Application(){
}
2.在Manifast中注册Application
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
3.将依赖注入MainActivity类
注:在 Application 类中设置了 Hilt 且有了应用级组件后,Hilt 可以为带有 @AndroidEntryPoint 注释的其他 Android 类提供依赖项
Hilt 目前支持以下 Android 类:
Application(通过使用 @HiltAndroidApp)
Activity
Fragment
View
Service
BroadcastReceiver
4.创建注入类:
@Module
@InstallIn(ActivityComponent::class)
object MainModule {
@ActivityScoped
@Provides
@Named(“String2”)
fun provideTestString2(
@ApplicationContext context: Context,
@Named(“String1”) testString1: String
) = “${context.getString(R.string.string_to_inject)} - $testString1”
}
@Module
@InstallIn(ApplicationComponent::class)
object AppModule {
@Singleton
@Provides
@Named(“String1”)
fun provideTestString1() = “This is a string we will inject”
}
class TestViewModel @ViewModelInject constructor(@Named(“String2”) testString2: String)
:ViewModel(){
init {
Log.d(“ViewModel”, “Test String from ViewModel: $testString2”)
}
}
5.把创建好的测试类注入到MainActivity中:
@Inject
@Named(“String1”)
lateinit var testString: String
private val viewModel: TestViewModel by viewModels()
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
Log.d("MainActivity", "Test String from MainActivity: $testString")
viewModel
}
6.运行结果如下:
最后,完整的demo下载地址:
https://gitee.com/jackning_admin/android-hint-demo