FreeBSD 8.1桌面安装Gnome2.3, 并使用ibus中文输入法
2010-11-06 12:57
光盘安装FreeBSD 8.1, Xorg, 和Gnome 2.3:
FreeBSD 8.1 DVD, 安装. distribution选的all. pakages选的Xorg meta port, 和 Gnome 2 meta port 50分钟左右安装完成 ---------------------------------------------- 设置网卡 1. ifconfig 找到网卡 2. 在/etc/rc.conf里面加 ifconfig_re0="inet 本机地址 netmask 掩码地址" #用你的网卡代替re0 defaultrouter=" 网关地址" 3. 在/etc/resolv.conf里面加 nameserver DNS的地址 重启动, 网络ok --------------------------------------------------- 设置Xorg和Gnome 1./etc/rc.conf里面加 hald_enable="YES" dbus_enable="YES" 这样X11可以找到键盘鼠标 2. 运行 Xorg -configure $home里面生成一个xorg.conf.new文件 3.测试Xorg -config xorg.conf.new -retro 会看到一个黑白格的桌面和中央一个X 用Ctrl-Alt- F1调出tty0, 按Ctrl-C退出X测试 4. 编辑xorg.conf.new文件, 在"Section Screen"区里, 加上DefaultDepth 24; 在SubSection Display区里, 加上Modes 屏幕宽x屏幕高. 像下面这样: Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen0" Device "Card0" Monitor "Monitor0" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 24 Modes "1024x768" EndSubSection EndSection 5. copy编辑好的conf文件到指定位置: cp xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf X11 设置完成, 下面是Gnome设置 6. 如果之前没有使用其他的display manager, 这一步很简单: 在~/.xinitrc文件里加入: /usr/local/bin/gnome-session startx gnome桌面就启动了 ------------------------------------------------ 安装文泉驿中文字体: # whereis wqy wqy: /usr/ports/x11-fonts/wqy # cd /usr/ports/x11-fonts/wqy # make install clean 15分钟左右ok 让X系统启动时载入字体。 编辑/etc/X11/xorg.conf 在Section "Files"里面加一行,FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/wqy"像下面这样 Section "Files" ModulePath "/usr/local/lib/xorg/modules" FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/misc/" FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/" FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/OTF" FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/" FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/" FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/" FontPath "/usr/local/lib/X11/fonts/wqy" EndSection -------------------------------------------------------------- 安装ibus输入法 方法一: pkg_add -r zh-ibus-pinyin 自动安装ibus和拼音输入法 方法二: 1 # pkg_add -r ibus 安装ibus 2 如下安装拼音输入法 # whereis ibus-pinyin # ibus-pinyin: /usr/ports/chinese/ibus-pinyin # cd /usr/ports/chinese/ibus-pinyin # make install clean 需时约30分钟 设置启用ibus: 1.设置locale为UTF-8字符集 如果用csh或者tcsh, .cshrc 中增加 setenv LANG zh_CN.UTF-8 #桌面界面语言为中文 [如果remark掉,则桌面菜单等仍为英文] setenv LC_CTYPE zh_CN.UTF-8 #locale的character type为UTF-8中文. [如果remark掉,将无法调出中文输入法] setenv LC_ALL zh_CN.UTF-8 #暂不清楚,推测是locale各项设置改为中文 [remark掉无影响] 如果用sh, .shrc中增加 [如果用bash, .bashrc中增加] export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 #桌面界面语言为中文 [如果remark掉,则桌面菜单等仍为英文] export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8 #locale的character type为UTF-8中文. [如果remark掉,将无法调出中文输入法] export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8 #暂不清楚,推测是locale各项设置改为中文 [remark掉无影响] 2.让ibus daemon随X一起启动 .xinitrc中增加 XIM=ibus GTK_IM_MODULE=ibus QT_IM_MODULE=xim XMODIFIERS='@im=ibus' XIM_PROGRAM="ibus-daemon" XIM_ARGS="--daemonize --xim" [参考一里有下面的说明, 这部分干啥用的?没照做也ok了] .profile中添加 export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8 重启, startx, 在panel右击ibus图标->preferences->input method->select an input method->Chinese->pinyin, 点击Add, 点close. ibus设置ok了. 参考一: http://alexshots.blog.163.com/blog/static/112112020108284599116/ [freebsd 8.1 如何安装中文拼音输入法ibus-pinyin] 参考二: ibus安装后的提示信息[after pkd_add -r ibus]: ibus installation finished. To use ibus, please do the following: If you are using bash, please add following lines to your $HOME/.bashrc: export XIM=ibus export GTK_IM_MODULE=ibus export QT_IM_MODULE=xim export XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus export XIM_PROGRAM="ibus-daemon" export XIM_ARGS="--daemonize --xim" If you are using tcsh, please add following lines to your $HOME/.cshrc: setenv XIM ibus setenv GTK_IM_MODULE ibus setenv QT_IM_MODULE xim setenv XMODIFIERS @im=ibus setenv XIM_PROGRAM ibus-daemon setenv XIM_ARGS "--daemonize --xim" If you are using KDE4, you may create a shell script in $HOME/.kde4/env, and add following lines: #!/bin/sh export XIM=ibus export GTK_IM_MODULE=ibus export QT_IM_MODULE=xim export XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus export XIM_PROGRAM="ibus-daemon" export XIM_ARGS="--daemonize --xim" Following input methods/engines are available in ports: chinese/ibus-chewing Chewing engine for IBus chinese/ibus-pinyin The PinYin input method japanese/ibus-anthy Anthy engine for IBus japanese/ibus-skk SKK engine for IBus textproc/ibus-kmfl KMFL IMEngine for IBus framework textproc/ibus-m17n The m17n IMEngine for IBus framework textproc/ibus-table Table based IM framework for IBus and QT4 input method module, textproc/ibus-qt. If ibus cannot start or the panel does not appear, please ensure that you are using up-to-date python. There's a bug in python 2.5, which may prevent the panel from appearing. ------------------------------------ 声卡驱动安装 1.先安装meta驱动试验: # kldload snd_driver 检查是否有声音 # cat anyfile > /dev/dsp 有声音 然后查看驱动加载情况: #cat /dev/sndstat FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm: 32bit 2009061500/i386) Installed devices: pcm0: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #0 Analog> (play/rec) default pcm1: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #1 Analog> (play/rec) pcm2: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #2 Digital> (play) pcm3: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #3 Digital> (play) pcm4: <HDA ATI RS690/780 HDMI PCM #0 HDMI> (play) 一般会显示出driver名字, 例如snd_ich. 但这里没有,好在根据HDA猜到了时snd_hda, 并且在FreeBSD说明里找到了snd_hda支持此Realtek ALC889 2. 修改 /boot/loader.conf snd_hda_load="YES" 重启动无声, 然后 #cat /dev/sndstat FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm: 32bit 2009061500/i386) Installed devices: pcm0: <HDA ATI RS690/780 HDMI PCM #0 HDMI> (play) default pcm1: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #0 Analog> (play/rec) pcm2: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #1 Analog> (play/rec) pcm3: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #2 Digital> (play) pcm4: <HDA Realtek ALC889 PCM #3 Digital> (play) 发现此时的pcm0跟Generic driver时不同了,变成了HDMI输出,由于音箱不在HDMI上,因此判断应该将default输出指定到现在的pcm1上 # sysctl hw.snd.default_unit=1 hw.snd.default_unit: 0 -> 1 检查是否有声音 # cat anyfile > /dev/dsp 有声音 3. 将此设置放到 /etc/sysctl.conf hw.snd.default_unit=1 重启动ok 参考一: http://forums.freebsd.org/archive/index.php/t-12517.html 参考二: snd_hda(4) |