文章目录
一、快速入门
1. 背景
使用nginx做反向代理的时候，可以简单的直接把请求原封不动的转发给下一个服务。设置proxy_pass请求只会替换域名，如果要根据不同的url后缀来访问不同的服务，则需要通过如下方法：
2. 案例1
server {
listen 8000;
server_name abc.com;
access_log "pipe:rollback /data/log/nginx/access.log interval=1d baknum=7 maxsize=1G" main;
location ^~/user/ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
proxy_pass http://user/;
}
location ^~/order/ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
proxy_pass http://order/;
}
}
^~/user/表示匹配前缀是user的请求，proxy_pass的结尾有/， 则会把/user/*后面的路径直接拼接到后面，即移除user。
3. 案例2
upstream user {
server localhost:8089 weight=5;
}
upstream order {
server localhost:8090 weight=5;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name abc.com;
access_log "pipe:rollback /data/log/nginx/access.log interval=1d baknum=7 maxsize=1G" main;
location ^~/user/ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
rewrite ^/user/(.*)$ /$1 break;
proxy_pass http://user;
}
location ^~/order/ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
rewrite ^/order/(.*)$ /$1 break;
proxy_pass http://order;
}
}
proxy_pass结尾没有/， rewrite重写了url。
二、实战
2.1. 配置备份
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
cp nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
2.2. 配置清空
清空nginx.conf文件内容
cat /dev/null > nginx.conf
2.3. 配置初始化
添加以下内容
user ec2-user ec2-user;
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/*.conf;
}
2.4. 配置统一管理
在conf目录下面创建conf.d文件夹，用于存储永不同环境的配置文件
mkdir conf.d
2.5. 开发配置
添加 开发环境配置文件dev.conf
cd conf.d
vim dev.conf
添加以下内容
##############################################DEV环境##################################################
server {
listen 80;
server_name dev-ams.gblfy.com.cn;
location / {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
proxy_pass http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8082;
}
location ^~/dev-api/ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
rewrite ^/dev-api/(.*)$ /$1 break;
proxy_pass http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8080;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
2.6. UAT配置
添加 uat环境配置文件uat.conf
cd conf.d
vim uat.conf
内容详细如下
###############################################UAT环境##################################################
upstream app-cluster-test {
server xxx.xxx.xxx.xx1:8080;
server xxx.xxx.xxx.xx2:8080;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name uat-ams.gblfy.com.cn;
location / {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
proxy_pass http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8082;
}
location ^~/uat-api/ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;
rewrite ^/uat-api/(.*)$ /$1 break;
proxy_pass http://app-cluster-test;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
2.7. 启动nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf