1、Spring应用程序处理国际化资源的步骤:
1)、编写国际化配置文件;
2)、使用ResourceBundleMessageSource管理国际化资源文件;
3)、在页面使用fmt:message取出国际化内容。
2、Spring Boot处理国际化资源步骤:
@Configuration @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = MessageSource.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT) @AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE) @Conditional(ResourceBundleCondition.class) @EnableConfigurationProperties @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages") public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration { /** * Comma-separated list of basenames (essentially a fully-qualified classpath * location), each following the ResourceBundle convention with relaxed support for * slash based locations. If it doesn't contain a package qualifier (such as * "org.mypackage"), it will be resolved from the classpath root. */ private String basename = "messages"; //other code... @Bean public MessageSource messageSource() { ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource(); if (StringUtils.hasText(this.basename)) { //设置国际化资源文件的基础名 messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray( StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(this.basename))); } if (this.encoding != null) { messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(this.encoding.name()); } messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(this.fallbackToSystemLocale); messageSource.setCacheSeconds(this.cacheSeconds); messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(this.alwaysUseMessageFormat); return messageSource; } }
默认情况下,国际化资源文件的基础名为messages,且存放在classpath根路径下,即messages.properties、messages_zh_CN.properties、messages_en_US.properties等等,这样就无需在配置文件中设置spring.messages.basename=...了,但是如果基础名不为messages或者不在classpath根路径下,则需要手动添加spring.messages.basename=文件名.自定义的基础名,如果有多个就用逗号分隔。例如:
spring.messages.basename=i18n.login
3)、去页面获取国际化的值:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <meta name="description" content=""> <meta name="author" content=""> <title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title> <!-- Bootstrap core CSS --> <link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.1.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- Custom styles for this template --> <link href="asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body class="text-center"> <form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html"> <img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72"> <h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign in</h1> <label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.username}">Username</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus=""> <label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.password}">Password</label> <input type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required=""> <div class="checkbox mb-3"> <label> <input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> [[#{login.rememberme}]] </label> </div> <button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.signin}">Sign in</button> <p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018</p> <a class="btn btn-sm">中文</a> <a class="btn btn-sm">English</a> </form> </body> </html>
效果:根据浏览器语言设置的语言信息进行切换国际化语言。
4)、如何通过链接切换国际化语言?
国际化区域信息对象Locale,有个区域信息对象处理器LocaleResolver,在WebMvcAutoConfiguration自动配置类中配置了一个LocaleResolver的Bean。
@Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "locale") public LocaleResolver localeResolver() { if (this.mvcProperties .getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) { return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale()); } AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver(); localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale()); return localeResolver; }
spring.mvc.locale-resolver=fixed,且指定了spring.mvc.locale的值,则页面使用的是指定且固定的国际语言(FixedLocaleResolver);
spring.mvc.locale-resolver默认为accept-header,即通过浏览器请求头中的Accept-Language 作为判断依据(AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver):
public class AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver { @Override public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) { Locale defaultLocale = getDefaultLocale(); if (defaultLocale != null && request.getHeader("Accept-Language") == null) { return defaultLocale; } Locale requestLocale = request.getLocale(); List<Locale> supportedLocales = getSupportedLocales(); if (supportedLocales.isEmpty() || supportedLocales.contains(requestLocale)) { return requestLocale; } Locale supportedLocale = findSupportedLocale(request, supportedLocales); if (supportedLocale != null) { return supportedLocale; } return (defaultLocale != null ? defaultLocale : requestLocale); } //other code.. }
i)、编写一个自定义的LocaleResolver类:
//使用链接的方法发送国际语言代码 public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver{ private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyLocaleResolver.class); @Override public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) { String lan = request.getParameter("lan"); Locale locale = Locale.getDefault(); if(StringUtils.hasText(lan)){ try{ String[] split = lan.split("_"); locale = new Locale(split[0], split[1]); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); logger.error("错误信息:", e); } } return locale; } @Override public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) { } }
先从请求参数中获取lan数据,然后通过下划线分割成语言和国家,然后通过语言和国家来封装成一个Locale对象并返回,如果未指定lan参数,则默认使用default的Locale对象。
<a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/(lan='zh_CN')}">中文</a> <a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/(lan='en_US')}">English</a>
iii)、将自定义的LocaleResolver覆盖默认的LocaleResolver:
@Configuration public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{ //使用自定义的LocaleResolver来替换掉默认的LocaleResolver @Bean public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){ return new MyLocaleResolver(); } //other code... }
这样配置了自定义的LocaleResolver对象就会把WebMvcAutoConfiguration自动配置类中预定义的LocaleResolver的Bean屏蔽掉,Spring Boot就会使用自定义的LocaleResolver对象。
注意:一旦使用链接来切换国际化语言,则会导致通过浏览器语言切换国际化语言的功能失效了。
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