需要解决的问题：

1.http与reactor的关系

2.GET

3.POST

4.cgi

accept_cb:建立TCP连接

recv_cb: 接受客户端http请求

send_cb:发送http响应

执行是有先后顺序，tcp连接的生命周期：

1.accept_cb

2.recv_cb

3.send_cb

http_request

接收次数比发送的次数少，叫做粘包。

解决办法：1.使用分隔符 \r\n\r\n 2.定义包的长度

http_response由两部分头和body

int filefd = open(ev->resource, O_RDONLY);
struct stat stat_buf;
fstat(filefd, &stat_buf);
close(filefd);

一般发送磁盘数据时，需要将磁盘数据读取到内存中，再发送出去。使用sendfile，原理是使用mmap，内存映射，将文件地址映射到内存中，再调用send，节省空间，零拷贝。拷贝是由cpu使用。sendfile不需要cpu参与，因为是零拷贝。

区别路径还是文件：S_ISDIR(stat_buf.st_mode) S_ISREG(stat_buf.st_mode)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <time.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/sendfile.h>



#define BUFFER_LENGTH        4096
#define MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS    1024
#define SERVER_PORT            8888
#define PORT_COUNT            1



#define HTTP_WEBSERVER_HTML_ROOT    "html"


#define HTTP_METHOD_GET        0
#define HTTP_METHOD_POST    1

typedef int NCALLBACK(int ,int, void*);

struct ntyevent {
    int fd;
    int events;
    void *arg;
    int (*callback)(int fd, int events, void *arg);
    
    int status;
    char buffer[BUFFER_LENGTH];
    int length;
    long last_active;

    // http param
    int method; //
    char resource[BUFFER_LENGTH];
    int ret_code;
    
    
};

struct eventblock {

    struct eventblock *next;
    struct ntyevent *events;
    
};

struct ntyreactor {
    int epfd;
    int blkcnt;
    struct eventblock *evblk; //fd --> 100w
};


int recv_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg);
int send_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg);
struct ntyevent *ntyreactor_idx(struct ntyreactor *reactor, int sockfd);


void nty_event_set(struct ntyevent *ev, int fd, NCALLBACK callback, void *arg) {

    ev->fd = fd;
    ev->callback = callback;
    ev->events = 0;
    ev->arg = arg;
    ev->last_active = time(NULL);

    return ;
    
}


int nty_event_add(int epfd, int events, struct ntyevent *ev) {

    struct epoll_event ep_ev = {0, {0}};
    ep_ev.data.ptr = ev;
    ep_ev.events = ev->events = events;

    int op;
    if (ev->status == 1) {
        op = EPOLL_CTL_MOD;
    } else {
        op = EPOLL_CTL_ADD;
        ev->status = 1;
    }

    if (epoll_ctl(epfd, op, ev->fd, &ep_ev) < 0) {
        printf("event add failed [fd=%d], events[%d]\n", ev->fd, events);
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

int nty_event_del(int epfd, struct ntyevent *ev) {

    struct epoll_event ep_ev = {0, {0}};

    if (ev->status != 1) {
        return -1;
    }

    ep_ev.data.ptr = ev;
    ev->status = 0;
    epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, ev->fd, &ep_ev);

    return 0;
}


int readline(char *allbuf, int idx, char *linebuf) {

    int len = strlen(allbuf);

    for(;idx < len;idx ++) {
        if (allbuf[idx] == '\r' && allbuf[idx+1] == '\n') {
            return idx+2;
        } else {
            *(linebuf++) = allbuf[idx];
        }
    }

    return -1;
}

int http_request(struct ntyevent *ev) {

    // GET, POST
    char linebuf[1024] = {0};
    int idx = readline(ev->buffer, 0, linebuf);

    if (strstr(linebuf, "GET")) {
        ev->method = HTTP_METHOD_GET;

        //uri
        int i = 0;
        while (linebuf[sizeof("GET ") + i] != ' ') i++;
        linebuf[sizeof("GET ")+i] = '\0';

        sprintf(ev->resource, "./%s/%s", HTTP_WEBSERVER_HTML_ROOT, linebuf+sizeof("GET "));
        
    } else if (strstr(linebuf, "POST")) {

    }

}

int recv_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg) {

    struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)arg;
    struct ntyevent *ev = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, fd);

    int len = recv(fd, ev->buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH, 0); // 
    
    if (len > 0) {
        
        ev->length = len;
        ev->buffer[len] = '\0';

        printf("C[%d]:%s\n", fd, ev->buffer); //http

        http_request(ev);

        //send();
        
        nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
        nty_event_set(ev, fd, send_cb, reactor);
        nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLOUT, ev);
        
        
    } else if (len == 0) {

        nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
        close(ev->fd);
        //printf("[fd=%d] pos[%ld], closed\n", fd, ev-reactor->events);
         
    } else {

        nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
        close(ev->fd);
        printf("recv[fd=%d] error[%d]:%s\n", fd, errno, strerror(errno));
        
    }

    return len;
}


int http_response(struct ntyevent *ev) {

    if (ev == NULL) return -1;
    memset(ev->buffer, 0, BUFFER_LENGTH);
#if 0
    const char *html = "<html><head><title>hello http</title></head><body><H1>King</H1></body></html>\r\n\r\n";
                                 
    ev->length = sprintf(ev->buffer, 
        "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\
         Date: Thu, 11 Nov 2021 12:28:52 GMT\r\n\
         Content-Type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1\r\n\
         Content-Length: 83\r\n\r\n%s", 
         html);
    
#else

    printf("resource: %s\n", ev->resource);

    int filefd = open(ev->resource, O_RDONLY);
    if (filefd == -1) { // return 404

        ev->ret_code = 404;
        ev->length = sprintf(ev->buffer, 
            "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
             "Date: Thu, 11 Nov 2021 12:28:52 GMT\r\n"
             "Content-Type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1\r\n"
            "Content-Length: 85\r\n\r\n"
             "<html><head><title>404 Not Found</title></head><body><H1>404</H1></body></html>\r\n\r\n" );

    } else {


        struct stat stat_buf;
        fstat(filefd, &stat_buf);
        close(filefd);

        if (S_ISDIR(stat_buf.st_mode)) {

            
            ev->ret_code = 404;
            ev->length = sprintf(ev->buffer, 
                "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
                "Date: Thu, 11 Nov 2021 12:28:52 GMT\r\n"
                "Content-Type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1\r\n"
                "Content-Length: 85\r\n\r\n"
                "<html><head><title>404 Not Found</title></head><body><H1>404</H1></body></html>\r\n\r\n" );

        } else if (S_ISREG(stat_buf.st_mode)) {

            ev->ret_code = 200;

            ev->length = sprintf(ev->buffer, 
                "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
                 "Date: Thu, 11 Nov 2021 12:28:52 GMT\r\n"
                 "Content-Type: text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1\r\n"
                "Content-Length: %ld\r\n\r\n", 
                     stat_buf.st_size );
        }

    }

#endif
    return ev->length;
}

int send_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg) {

    struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)arg;
    struct ntyevent *ev = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, fd);

    http_response(ev);
    //
    int len = send(fd, ev->buffer, ev->length, 0);
    if (len > 0) {
        printf("send[fd=%d], [%d]%s\n", fd, len, ev->buffer);

        if (ev->ret_code == 200) {
            int filefd = open(ev->resource, O_RDONLY);
            struct stat stat_buf;
            fstat(filefd, &stat_buf);

            sendfile(fd, filefd, NULL, stat_buf.st_size);
            close(filefd);
        }
        

        nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
        nty_event_set(ev, fd, recv_cb, reactor);
        nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, ev);
        
    } else {
        nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, ev);
        close(ev->fd);

        printf("send[fd=%d] error %s\n", fd, strerror(errno));

    }

    return len;
}

int accept_cb(int fd, int events, void *arg) {

    struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)arg;
    if (reactor == NULL) return -1;

    struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
    socklen_t len = sizeof(client_addr);

    int clientfd;

    if ((clientfd = accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &len)) == -1) {
        if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR) {
            
        }
        printf("accept: %s\n", strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

    

    int flag = 0;
    if ((flag = fcntl(clientfd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK)) < 0) {
        printf("%s: fcntl nonblocking failed, %d\n", __func__, MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS);
        return -1;
    }

    struct ntyevent *event = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, clientfd);
    
    nty_event_set(event, clientfd, recv_cb, reactor);
    nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, event);

    
    printf("new connect [%s:%d], pos[%d]\n", 
        inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr), ntohs(client_addr.sin_port), clientfd);

    return 0;

}

int init_sock(short port) {

    int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);

    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);

    bind(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));

    if (listen(fd, 20) < 0) {
        printf("listen failed : %s\n", strerror(errno));
    }

    return fd;
}


int ntyreactor_alloc(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {

    if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
    if (reactor->evblk == NULL) return -1;

    struct eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
    while (blk->next != NULL) {
        blk = blk->next;
    }

    struct ntyevent *evs = (struct ntyevent*)malloc((MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));
    if (evs == NULL) {
        printf("ntyreactor_alloc ntyevents failed\n");
        return -2;
    }
    memset(evs, 0, (MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));

    struct eventblock *block = (struct eventblock *)malloc(sizeof(struct eventblock));
    if (block == NULL) {
        printf("ntyreactor_alloc eventblock failed\n");
        return -2;
    }
    memset(block, 0, sizeof(struct eventblock));

    block->events = evs;
    block->next = NULL;

    blk->next = block;
    reactor->blkcnt ++; //

    return 0;
}

struct ntyevent *ntyreactor_idx(struct ntyreactor *reactor, int sockfd) {

    int blkidx = sockfd / MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS;

    while (blkidx >= reactor->blkcnt) {
        ntyreactor_alloc(reactor);
    }

    int i = 0;
    struct eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
    while(i ++ < blkidx && blk != NULL) {
        blk = blk->next;
    }

    return &blk->events[sockfd % MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS];
}


int ntyreactor_init(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {

    if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
    memset(reactor, 0, sizeof(struct ntyreactor));

    reactor->epfd = epoll_create(1);
    if (reactor->epfd <= 0) {
        printf("create epfd in %s err %s\n", __func__, strerror(errno));
        return -2;
    }

    struct ntyevent *evs = (struct ntyevent*)malloc((MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));
    if (evs == NULL) {
        printf("ntyreactor_alloc ntyevents failed\n");
        return -2;
    }
    memset(evs, 0, (MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) * sizeof(struct ntyevent));

    struct eventblock *block = (struct eventblock *)malloc(sizeof(struct eventblock));
    if (block == NULL) {
        printf("ntyreactor_alloc eventblock failed\n");
        return -2;
    }
    memset(block, 0, sizeof(struct eventblock));

    block->events = evs;
    block->next = NULL;

    reactor->evblk = block;
    reactor->blkcnt = 1;

    return 0;
}

int ntyreactor_destory(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {

    close(reactor->epfd);
    //free(reactor->events);

    struct eventblock *blk = reactor->evblk;
    struct eventblock *blk_next = NULL;

    while (blk != NULL) {

        blk_next = blk->next;

        free(blk->events);
        free(blk);

        blk = blk_next;

    }
    
    return 0;
}



int ntyreactor_addlistener(struct ntyreactor *reactor, int sockfd, NCALLBACK *acceptor) {

    if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
    if (reactor->evblk == NULL) return -1;

    //reactor->evblk->events[sockfd];
    struct ntyevent *event = ntyreactor_idx(reactor, sockfd);

    nty_event_set(event, sockfd, acceptor, reactor);
    nty_event_add(reactor->epfd, EPOLLIN, event);

    return 0;
}



int ntyreactor_run(struct ntyreactor *reactor) {
    if (reactor == NULL) return -1;
    if (reactor->epfd < 0) return -1;
    if (reactor->evblk == NULL) return -1;
    
    struct epoll_event events[MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS+1];
    
    int checkpos = 0, i;

    while (1) {
/*
        long now = time(NULL);
        for (i = 0;i < 100;i ++, checkpos ++) {
            if (checkpos == MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS) {
                checkpos = 0;
            }

            if (reactor->events[checkpos].status != 1) {
                continue;
            }

            long duration = now - reactor->events[checkpos].last_active;

            if (duration >= 60) {
                close(reactor->events[checkpos].fd);
                printf("[fd=%d] timeout\n", reactor->events[checkpos].fd);
                nty_event_del(reactor->epfd, &reactor->events[checkpos]);
            }
        }
*/

        int nready = epoll_wait(reactor->epfd, events, MAX_EPOLL_EVENTS, 1000);
        if (nready < 0) {
            printf("epoll_wait error, exit\n");
            continue;
        }

        for (i = 0;i < nready;i ++) {

            struct ntyevent *ev = (struct ntyevent*)events[i].data.ptr;

            if ((events[i].events & EPOLLIN) && (ev->events & EPOLLIN)) {
                ev->callback(ev->fd, events[i].events, ev->arg);
            }
            if ((events[i].events & EPOLLOUT) && (ev->events & EPOLLOUT)) {
                ev->callback(ev->fd, events[i].events, ev->arg);
            }
            
        }

    }
}

// 3, 6w, 1, 100 == 
// <remoteip, remoteport, localip, localport>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

    unsigned short port = SERVER_PORT; // listen 8888
    if (argc == 2) {
        port = atoi(argv[1]);
    }
    struct ntyreactor *reactor = (struct ntyreactor*)malloc(sizeof(struct ntyreactor));
    ntyreactor_init(reactor);

    int i = 0;
    int sockfds[PORT_COUNT] = {0};
    for (i = 0;i < PORT_COUNT;i ++) {
        sockfds[i] = init_sock(port+i);
        ntyreactor_addlistener(reactor, sockfds[i], accept_cb);
    }

    
    ntyreactor_run(reactor);

    ntyreactor_destory(reactor);

    for (i = 0;i < PORT_COUNT;i ++) {
        close(sockfds[i]);
    }

    free(reactor);

    return 0;
}

参考博客：http/https服务器实现 - 放弃吧 - 博客园

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