library(maps)

library(ggplot2)

library(tidyverse)

可能出现的报错情况：

解决方法   install.packages("vctrs")

利用世界地图数据包

world_map<-map_data("world")

 结果如下

利用世界地图数据绘图

ggplot(world_map, aes(x = long, y = lat, group = group)) +

  geom_polygon(fill="white", colour = "gray50") +

  theme_classic()

需要可视化的数据展示，方便起见，这里只展示部分国家：

将excel数据导入

install.packages("xlsx")

library(xlsx)

 a<-read.xlsx("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/example.xlsx",1)

导入的数据集a如下图

将world_map的经纬度等数据按照相同的国家拼接补充到数据集a

left_join(a,world_map,by="region")->a

数据拼接结果如下：

用拼接后的数据a绘制热力地图

ggplot(a, aes(x = long, y = lat, group = group)) +

geom_polygon(aes(fill= f), colour = "white")

绘图结果如下：

调整图颜色

ggplot(a, aes(x = long, y = lat, group = group))+theme_linedraw()+geom_polygon(aes(fill=f), colour = "white")+scale_fill_gradient(low = "lightblue", high="steel blue")

调整线条颜色为黑色

ggplot(a, aes(x = long, y = lat, group = group))+theme_linedraw()+geom_polygon(aes(fill=f), colour = "black")+scale_fill_gradient(low = "lightblue", high="steel blue")

调整背景

 ggplot(a, aes(x = long, y = lat, group = group))+theme_minimal()+geom_polygon(aes(fill=f), colour = "white")+scale_fill_gradient(low = "lightblue", high="steel blue")

 改变颜色

ggplot(a, aes(x = long, y = lat, group = group))+theme_minimal()+geom_polygon(aes(fill=f), colour = "white")+scale_fill_gradient(low = "aquamarine", high="aquamarine4")