1. 安装新的 Yum 源,以及新版本的 Postgresql。
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm
# Install PostgreSQL:
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y postgresql15-server
# Optionally initialize the database and enable automatic start:
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/pgsql-15/bin/postgresql-15-setup initdb
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable postgresql-15
2. 使用新版的 pg_upgrade
升级数据库文件
[root@localhost ~]# su - postgressu - postgres
-bash-4.2$ /usr/pgsql-15/bin/pg_upgrade --old-datadir /var/lib/pgsql/13/data --new-datadir /var/lib/pgsql/15/data --old-bindir /usr/pgsql-13/bin --new-bindir /usr/pgsql-15/bin
Performing Consistency Checks
-----------------------------
Checking cluster versions ok
Checking database user is the install user ok
Checking database connection settings ok
Checking for prepared transactions ok
Checking for system-defined composite types in user tables ok
Checking for reg* data types in user tables ok
Checking for contrib/isn with bigint-passing mismatch ok
Checking for user-defined encoding conversions ok
Checking for user-defined postfix operators ok
Checking for incompatible polymorphic functions ok
Creating dump of global objects ok
Creating dump of database schemas
ok
Checking for presence of required libraries ok
Checking database user is the install user ok
Checking for prepared transactions ok
Checking for new cluster tablespace directories ok
If pg_upgrade fails after this point, you must re-initdb the
w cluster before continuing.
Performing Upgrade
------------------
Analyzing all rows in the new cluster ok
Freezing all rows in the new cluster ok
Deleting files from new pg_xact ok
Copying old pg_xact to new server ok
Setting oldest XID for new cluster ok
Setting next transaction ID and epoch for new cluster ok
Deleting files from new pg_multixact/offsets ok
Copying old pg_multixact/offsets to new server ok
Deleting files from new pg_multixact/members ok
Copying old pg_multixact/members to new server ok
Setting next multixact ID and offset for new cluster ok
Resetting WAL archives ok
Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster ok
Restoring global objects in the new cluster ok
Restoring database schemas in the new cluster
ok
Copying user relation files
ok
Setting next OID for new cluster ok
Sync data directory to disk ok
Creating script to delete old cluster ok
Checking for extension updates ok
Upgrade Complete
----------------
Optimizer statistics are not transferred by pg_upgrade.
Once you start the new server, consider running:
/usr/pgsql-15/bin/vacuumdb --all --analyze-in-stages
Running this script will delete the old cluster's data files:
./delete_old_cluster.sh
3. 启动 postgresql
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start postgresql-15
4. 对新的数据库执行清理
-bash-4.2$ /usr/pgsql-15/bin/vacuumdb --all --analyze-in-stages
vacuumdb: processing database "metabase": Generating minimal optimizer statistics (1 target)
vacuumdb: processing database "postgres": Generating minimal optimizer statistics (1 target)
vacuumdb: processing database "sonarqube": Generating minimal optimizer statistics (1 target)
vacuumdb: processing database "template1": Generating minimal optimizer statistics (1 target)
vacuumdb: processing database "metabase": Generating medium optimizer statistics (10 targets)
vacuumdb: processing database "postgres": Generating medium optimizer statistics (10 targets)
vacuumdb: processing database "sonarqube": Generating medium optimizer statistics (10 targets)
vacuumdb: processing database "template1": Generating medium optimizer statistics (10 targets)
vacuumdb: processing database "metabase": Generating default (full) optimizer statistics
vacuumdb: processing database "postgres": Generating default (full) optimizer statistics
vacuumdb: processing database "sonarqube": Generating default (full) optimizer statistics
vacuumdb: processing database "template1": Generating default (full) optimizer statistics
5. 复制 pg_hba.conf、postgresql.conf 文件至新的目录
[root@localhost ~]# cp -rp /var/lib/pgsql/13/data/pg_hba.conf /var/lib/pgsql/15/data
[root@localhost ~]# cp -rp /var/lib/pgsql/13/data/postgresql.conf /var/lib/pgsql/15/data
默认 postgresql 仅监听本地地址,并仅允许本地访问,所以需要修改 pg_hba.conf、postgresql.conf 两个文件的配置
- pg_hba.conf 增加以下配置
host all all 0.0.0.0/0 scram-sha-256
- postgresql.conf 修改以下两处配置
listen_addresses = '*'
max_connections = 500
6. 重启 postgresql 使新配置生效
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart postgresql-15