Linux-Centos7常见操作
一、基础操作
1. 更改主机名
#1. 执行指令: hostnamectl set-hostname 新主机名
#2. 重启
hostnamectl set-hostname 新主机名
2. 更改本机IP
2.1 编辑网卡配置文件 ifcfg-ens33
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
BOOTPROTO="static" #dhcp 改为 static
ONBOOT="yes" #确认 ONBOOT=yes
#底部添加
IPADDR=更改的IP
NETMASK=掩码
GATEWAY=网关
DNS1=192.168.0.1
DNS2=8.8.8.8
2.2 重启网卡服务,重新查看IP
systemctl restart network
3. 常用工具安装
注意:如果权限不够,使用root用户下载,或者加上sudo执行
3.1 vim文本编辑器
安装
yum install -y vim*
3.2 wget
下载工具安装
yum install -y wget
3.3 zip,unzip
解压缩工具安装
yum install -y zip unzip
3.4 7zip
解压缩工具安装
#1.安装依赖
sudo yum install -y epel-release
#2.安装7zip
sudo yum install -y p7zip
3.5 rz,sz
上传下载工具安装
yum install -y lrzsz
集中安装
yum install -y vim* wget zip unzip epel-release p7zip lrzsz
4. 永久关闭selinux
1.编辑配置文件(/etc/selinux/config
),将SELINUX=enforcing
改为SELINUX=disabled
vim /etc/selinux/config
#SELINUX=disabled
2.重启
reboot
5. 更换阿里云yum源
1.切换至 /etc/yum.repos.d
目录,下载阿里云的yum源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
2.备份现有的yum源
cp CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak
3.更改原yum源的内容
#1. 清空文件内容
> CentOS-Base.repo
#2. 重新添加以下内容
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
4.依次执行以下指令
#1. 清除yum下载文件
yum clean all
#2. 制作缓存
yum makecache
#3. 升级rpm包同时也升级软件和系统内核
yum update