标题
spring boot 它的设计目的就是为例简化开发,开启了各种自动装配,引入相关的依赖就能迅速搭建起一个web工程。它采用的是建立生产就绪的应用程序观点,优先于配置的惯例。
建构工程
打开Idea-> new Project ->Spring Initializr ->填写group(公司域名倒叙)、artifact(工程名) ->钩上web(开启web功能)->点下一步就行了。
工程目录
创建完工程,工程的目录结构如下:
- src
-main
-java
-package
-SpringbootApplication
-resouces
- statics
- templates
- application.yml
-test
- pom
- pom文件为基本的依赖管理文件
- resouces 资源文件
- statics 静态资源 templates 模板资源
- application.yml 配置文件
- application.yml 配置文件
- SpringbootApplication程序的入口
pom.xml的依赖:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.fubin</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot1</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>springboot1</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<!--继承springboot的父包-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<!--依赖的jar包坐标-->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<!--maven仓库-->
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>maven-central</id>
<name>maven-central</name>
<url>http://localhost:8081/repository/maven-central/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
</repository>
</repositories>
<distributionManagement>
<repository>
<id>nexus</id>
<name>Releases</name>
<url>http://localhost:8081/repository/nexus-releases</url>
</repository>
</distributionManagement>
</project>
其中spring-boot-starter-web不仅包含spring-boot-starter,还自动开启了web功能。
功能演示
建个controller:
package com.fubin.springboot1.web.simpleEg;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/")
public String index() {
return "Greetings from Spring Boot!";
}
}
启动SpringbootFirstApplication的main方法,打开浏览器localhost:8080,浏览器显示:
Greetings from Spring Boot!
神奇之处:
- 你没有做任何的web.xml配置。
- 你没有做任何的sping mvc的配置; springboot为你做了。
- 你没有配置tomcat ;springboot内嵌tomcat.
启动springboot 方式
cd到项目主目录:
mvn clean
mvn package 编译项目的jar
- mvn spring-boot: run 启动
- cd 到target目录,java -jar 项目.jar
springboot在启动的时候为我们注入了哪些bean
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootFirstApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootFirstApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
public CommandLineRunner commandLineRunner(ApplicationContext ctx) {
return args -> {
System.out.println("Let's inspect the beans provided by Spring Boot:");
String[] beanNames = ctx.getBeanDefinitionNames();
Arrays.sort(beanNames);
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
System.out.println(beanName);
}
};
}
}
Let’s inspect the beans provided by Spring Boot:
basicErrorController
beanNameHandlerMapping
beanNameViewResolver
characterEncodingFilter
commandLineRunner
conventionErrorViewResolver
defaultServletHandlerMapping
defaultViewResolver
dispatcherServlet
dispatcherServletRegistration
duplicateServerPropertiesDetector
embeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor
error
errorAttributes
errorPageCustomizer
errorPageRegistrarBeanPostProcessor
….
….
在程序启动的时候,springboot自动诸如注入了40-50个bean.
单元测试
通过@RunWith() @SpringBootTest开启注解:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class HelloControllerIT {
@LocalServerPort
private int port;
private URL base;
@Autowired
private TestRestTemplate template;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
this.base = new URL("http://localhost:" + port + "/");
}
@Test
public void getHello() throws Exception {
ResponseEntity<String> response = template.getForEntity(base.toString(),
String.class);
assertThat(response.getBody(), equalTo("Greetings from Spring Boot!"));
}
}
运行它会先开启sprigboot工程,然后再测试