webservice中采用协议Http,是指什么意思
WebService使用的是 SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)协议
Soap协议只是用来封装消息用的。封装后的消息你可以通过各种已有的协议来传输,比如http,tcp/ip,smtp,等等,你甚至还一次用自定义的协议,当然也可以用https协议。
Soap建立在http上,说白了是用http传送xml而已。
SOAP协议= HTTP协议+ XML数据格式
SOAP协议是基于HTTP协议的,两者的关系就好比高速公路是基于普通公路改造的,在一条公路上加上隔离栏后就成了高速公路。
WebService采用HTTP协议传输数据,采用XML格式封装数据(即XML中说明调用远程服务对象的哪个方法,传递的参数是什么,以及服务对象的返回结果是什么)。WebService通过HTTP协议发送请求和接收结果时,发送的请求内容和结果内容都采用XML格式封装,并增加了一些特定的HTTP消息头,以说明HTTP消息的内容格式,这些特定的HTTP消息头和XML内容格式就是SOAP协议(simple object access protocol,简单对象访问协议) 。
商店的服务员只要收到了钱就给客户提供货物,商店服务员不用关心客户是什么性质的人,客户也不用关心商店服务员是什么性质的人。同样,WebService客户端只要能使用HTTP协议把遵循某种格式的XML请求数据发送给WebService服务器,WebService服务器再通过HTTP协议返回遵循某种格式的XML结果数据就可以了,WebService客户端与服务器端不用关心对方使用的是什么编程语言。
原生底层webService的调用方式:
1、在服务器上,通过 curl 地址 命令来获取xml文件格式。
2、获取到格式后,在服务器上通过curl的完整命令,进行测试返参等。
curl --location --request POST '地址' \
--header 'Content-Type: text/xml' \
--data '<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:hjb="http://localhost:8080/hjbjWebService">
<soapenv:Header/>
<soapenv:Body>
<xxx:xxxxxx soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
<in0 xsi:type="xsd:string">入参</in0>
</xxx:xxxxxx>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>'
3、解析xml,访问三方服务
package com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.apps.proxy.handler.ws;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.apps.proxy.exception.FailException;
import com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.apps.proxy.exception.ProxyException;
import com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.apps.proxy.handler.HttpHandler;
import com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.apps.proxy.handler.ProxyHandler;
import com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.apps.proxy.util.HttpUtils;
import com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.apps.service.entity.YwztProxy;
import com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.common.util.XmlUtils;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringEscapeUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestClientException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Slf4j
@Component("proxy.wsHttp")
public class wsHttpHandler extends ProxyHandler {
@Autowired
private HttpUtils httpUtils;
@Override
protected MultiValueMap<String, Object> encodeParam(String serialno, JSONObject config, MultiValueMap<String, Object> param) throws FailException, ProxyException {
//config传参中,传入xml模板
String[] keyList = config.getString("keyList").split(",");
//获取模板xml
String xml = config.getString("xml");
//替换方法名
if (config.containsKey("func")) {
xml.replace("{
{func}}", config.getString("func"));
}
//替换命名空间
if (config.containsKey("namespace")) {
xml.replace("{
{namespace}}", config.getString("namespace"));
}
//替换参数
for (int i = 0; i < keyList.length; i++) {
String key = keyList[i];
if (param.get(key).size() > 0 && param.get(key).get(0) != null) {
xml = xml.replace("{
{" + key + "}}", param.get(key).get(0).toString());
} else {
xml = xml.replace("{
{" + key + "}}", "");
}
}
MultiValueMap<String, Object> paramMapPage = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
paramMapPage.add("data", xml);
return paramMapPage;
}
@Override
protected String excute(YwztProxy proxy, JSONObject config, MultiValueMap<String, Object> param) throws ProxyException, FailException {
//构造http请求头
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
MediaType type = MediaType.parseMediaType("text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
headers.setContentType(type);
if (config.containsKey(HttpHandler.HEADER_STR) && !StringUtils.isEmpty(config.get(HttpHandler.HEADER_STR))) {
JSONObject headerParams = config.getJSONObject(HttpHandler.HEADER_STR);
for (Map.Entry k : headerParams.entrySet()) {
headers.set(k.getKey().toString(), k.getValue().toString());
}
}
HttpEntity<String> formEntity = new HttpEntity<>(param.get("data").get(0).toString(), headers);
String resultStr = null;
try {
resultStr = httpUtils.postForString(proxy.getUrl(), HttpMethod.POST, formEntity);
} catch (RestClientException e) {
log.error(ProxyException.DEFAULT_MESSAGE, e);
throw new FailException("调用接口异常:" + e.getMessage());
}
if (resultStr == null) {
throw new FailException("调用接口失败");
}
return resultStr;
}
@Override
protected String decodeResult(String serialno, JSONObject config, String resultString) {
resultString = StringEscapeUtils.unescapeXml(resultString);
if (config.containsKey("resultTag")) {
return XmlUtils.getTextForElement(resultString, config.getString("resultTag"));
} else if (config.containsKey("delText")) {
return resultString.replace(config.getString("delText"), "");
}
return resultString;
}
}
xml模板:
{
"resultTag": "hjbjcxResponse",
"keyList": "json",
"xml": "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:hjb=\"xxxxxxxx\"><soapenv:Header/><soapenv:Body><xxx:xxxxxx soapenv:encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\"><in0 xsi:type=\"xsd:string\">{
{json}}</in0></xxx:xxxxxx></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>"
}
http调用:
package com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.apps.proxy.util;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONException;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.apps.proxy.exception.FailException;
import com.ylz.bjyf.ggfw.apps.proxy.exception.ProxyException;
import io.vertx.core.json.JsonObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestClientException;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.List;
@Slf4j
@Service
public class HttpUtils {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
public String postForString(String url, HttpMethod method, HttpEntity<?> requestEntity) throws FailException, ProxyException {
try {
if (HttpMethod.GET.equals(method)) {
return getForString(url, method, requestEntity);
}
ResponseEntity<String> result = restTemplate.exchange(url, method, requestEntity, String.class);
if (HttpStatus.OK.equals(result.getStatusCode())) {
return result.getBody();
} else {
throw new FailException("http调用失败:", result.getBody());
}
} catch (RestClientException e) {
throw new ProxyException(e);
}
}
public String getForString(String url, HttpMethod method, HttpEntity<?> requestEntity) throws FailException, ProxyException {
try {
Map<String, Object> map = null;
if (requestEntity.getBody() != null) {
if (requestEntity.getBody().toString().startsWith("{") && requestEntity.getBody().toString().endsWith("}")) {
try {
map = JSONObject.parseObject(requestEntity.getBody().toString());
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : map.entrySet()) {
url = url_expand(url, entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString());
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
log.error("解析json失败", e);
}
}
}
log.info("get请求最终URL"+url);
HttpHeaders headers = requestEntity.getHeaders();
HttpHeaders headers2 = new HttpHeaders();
if (headers != null) {
for (Map.Entry<String, List<String>> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
if (HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE.equalsIgnoreCase(entry.getKey())) {
headers2.add(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().get(0));
}
}
}
HttpEntity<Object> formEntity = new HttpEntity<>(null, headers2);
log.info("get请求最终头"+formEntity.getHeaders().toString());
ResponseEntity<String> result = restTemplate.exchange(url, method, formEntity, String.class);
if (HttpStatus.OK.equals(result.getStatusCode())) {
return result.getBody();
} else {
throw new FailException("http调用失败:", result.getBody());
}
} catch (RestClientException e) {
throw new ProxyException(e);
}
}
private static final String url_expand(String url, String key, String value) {
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(url) || StringUtils.isEmpty(key) || StringUtils.isEmpty(value)) {
return url;
}
if (url.contains("?")) {
url += "&" + key + "=" + value;
} else {
url += "?" + key + "=" + value;
}
return url;
}
}