Spring Boot(二)
一 、 Spring Boot Web 应用实例
- 这是一个Spring Boot web应用程序示例,使用嵌入式Tomcat + JSP模板,并将包作为可执行文件WAR文件发布。
- 使用到的技术如下:
- Spring Boot 1.4.2.RELEASE
- Spring 4.3.4.RELEASE
- Tomcat Embed 8.5.6
- Maven 3
- Java 8
- 项目目录
- 在这个示例中,是使用 Eclipse 来创建一个 Maven 项目,打开 Eclipse ,按照以下步骤:File -> New -> Other… 如下所示:
- 最终创建以下文件夹目录结构如下所示:
项目依赖
在POM.xml文件中有相应的注释
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>spring-boot-web-jsp</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</name> <description>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</description> <url>http://www.yiibai.com</url> <version>1.0</version> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.4.2.RELEASE</version> </parent> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- This is a web application --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Tomcat embedded container--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- JSTL for JSP --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Need this to compile JSP --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- Need this to compile JSP, tomcat-embed-jasper version is not working, no idea why --> <dependency> <groupId>org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler</groupId> <artifactId>ecj</artifactId> <version>4.6.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- Optional, test for static content, bootstrap CSS--> <dependency> <groupId>org.webjars</groupId> <artifactId>bootstrap</artifactId> <version>3.3.7</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <!-- Package as an executable jar/war --> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
执行后 , 显示项目依赖关系:
F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp> mvn dependency:tree [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building Spring Boot Web JSP Example 1.0 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-dependency-plugin:2.10:tree (default-cli) @ spring-boot-web-jsp --- [INFO] org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-web-jsp:war:1.0 [INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | | +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.1.7:compile [INFO] | | | | +- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.1.7:compile [INFO] | | | | \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.21:compile [INFO] | | | +- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile [INFO] | | | +- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile [INFO] | | | \- org.slf4j:log4j-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.21:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.17:runtime [INFO] | +- org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:jar:5.2.4.Final:compile [INFO] | | +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile [INFO] | | +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.0.Final:compile [INFO] | | \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.3.3:compile [INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.8.4:compile [INFO] | | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.8.4:compile [INFO] | | \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.8.4:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.3.4.RELEASE:compile [INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:1.4.2.RELEASE:provided [INFO] | +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:8.5.6:provided [INFO] | +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:8.5.6:provided [INFO] | \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:8.5.6:provided [INFO] +- javax.servlet:jstl:jar:1.2:compile [INFO] +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-jasper:jar:8.5.6:provided [INFO] +- org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler:ecj:jar:4.6.1:provided [INFO] \- org.webjars:bootstrap:jar:3.3.7:compile [INFO] \- org.webjars:jquery:jar:1.11.1:compile [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 1.327 s [INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-21 T16:57:00+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 20M/309M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Spring Boot
这个SpringBootServletInitializer执行传统的WAR部署运行SpringApplication SpringBootWebApplication.java文件内容如下所示 -
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder; import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer; @SpringBootApplication public class SpringBootWebApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(SpringBootWebApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SpringApplication.run(SpringBootWebApplication.class, args); } }
一个简单的Spring控制器类
import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller public class WelcomeController { // inject via application.properties @Value("${welcome.message:test}") private String message = "Hello World"; @RequestMapping("/") public String welcome(Map<String, Object> model) { model.put("message", this.message); return "welcome"; } }
JSP + 资源 + 静态文件
对于JSP文件,把它们全放入到 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/ 目录中。
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/welcome.jsp文件的内容如下所示 -<!DOCTYPE html> <%@ taglib prefix="spring" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags"%> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <!-- Access the bootstrap Css like this, Spring boot will handle the resource mapping automcatically --> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" /> <!-- <spring:url value="/css/main.css" var="springCss" /> <link href="${springCss}" rel="stylesheet" /> --> <c:url value="/css/main.css" var="jstlCss" /> <link href="${jstlCss}" rel="stylesheet" /> </head> <body> <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-header"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Spring Boot</a> </div> <div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li> <li><a href="#about">About</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="container"> <div class="starter-template"> <h1>Spring Boot Web JSP Example</h1> <h2>Message: ${message}</h2> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </body> </html>
对于像CSS或Javascript这样的静态文件,放在 /src/main/resources/static/ 目录中。/src/main/resources/static/css/main.css文件的内容如下所示 -
h1{ color:#0000FF; } h2{ color:#FF0000; }
对于属性文件,放在 /src/main/resources/ 目录下, /src/main/resources/application.properties文件的内容如下所示 -
spring.mvc.view.prefix: /WEB-INF/jsp/ spring.mvc.view.suffix: .jsp welcome.message: Hello Yiibai //Spring Boot约定过配置,不需要像这样声明资源映射。资源映射只是自动处理。
运行实例:
在终端下进入 F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp 目录,执行以下命令,应该会看到以下结果 -
F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp>mvn spring-boot:run [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building Spring Boot Web JSP Example 1.0 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ springboot-jsp >>> [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ springboot-jsp --- [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. [INFO] Copying 1 resource [INFO] Copying 1 resource [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ springboot-jsp --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ springboot-jsp --- [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory F:\worksp\springboot\springboot-jsp\springboot-jsp\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ springboot-jsp --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ springboot-jsp <<< [INFO] [INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.4.2.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ springboot-jsp --- . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ ::Spring Boot:: (v1.4.2.RELEASE)
- 之后,将项目发布到 Tomcat 中,在项目上点击右键,在弹出的选项中选择“Run As -> Ru On Server” ,使用浏览器访问:http://localhost:8080/springboot-jsp/ ,如果程序没有出错误,那应该会看到以下结果 -
- **注:**JSP限制
- 不能创建可执行jar来运行这个嵌入式Tomcat + JSP Web示例,因为Tomcat中有一个硬编码文件模式。 阅读以下这篇文章:Spring Boot JSP限制。