一、字典

1 dic = {"name":"bug_ming","age":12,"hobby":["抽烟","喝酒","烫头"],"phone":110}
2 print(dic)      # 字典是无序的
3 print(dic["name"])  # 可以像索引一样获取字典中的值，但是通过字典的key来获取到的

1 dic = {"name":"bug_ming","age":12,"hobby":["抽烟","喝酒","烫头"],"phone":110}
2 dic["height"] = 180  # 如果key不存在，执行的是增加操作
3 print(dic)
4 dic["name"] = "wtf"  # 如果key存在，执行的是修改操作
5 print(dic)
6 dic = {"name":"bug_ming","age":12,"hobby":["抽烟","喝酒","烫头"],"phone":110}
7 dic.setdefault("王小二")   # 一个参数放的是key
8 dic.setdefault("王小二","弹溜溜")  # 如果key不存在 新增
9 dic.setdefault("王小二","打篮球")  # 如果key存在，不执行任何操作，有别于dic[]

 1 dic = {"name":"bug_ming","age":12,"hobby":["抽烟","喝酒","烫头"],"phone":110}
 2 # ret = dic.pop("name")  # 返回的是括号内key对应的value
 3 # print(ret)
 4 # del dic["name"]     # 可以删 缺点是没有返回值
 5 # print(dic)
 6 # dic.clear()         # 清空整个字典
 7 # print(dic)
 8 # ret = dic.popitem()   # 随机删,且返回由key和value组成的元组，可按照解构方法利用返回值
 9 # print(ret)
10 # print(dic)

1 dic = {"name":"bug_ming","age":12,"hobby":["抽烟","喝酒","烫头"],"phone":110}
2 # dic["name"] = "allen"       # 可以直接通过取出值来更改
3 # print(dic)
4 dic2 = {"name":"allen"}       # 把dic2中的name更新到了dic中，改了dic中的name
5 dic.update(dic2)
6 print(dic)      # dic 改变
7 print(dic2)     # dic2 不改变

 1 dic = {"name":"bug_ming","age":12,"hobby":["抽烟","喝酒","烫头"],"phone":110}
 2 # print(dic["love"])      # KeyError: 'love'  key不存在
 3 # print(dic.get("love"))    # dic.get("love") == dic["love"] key不存在返回None
 4 # print(dic.get("love","查无此项"))   # dic.get(key,default) 可用来查是否存在
 5 # print(dic.keys())       # 取出字典中所有的key，得列表，可遍历
 6 # for el in dic.keys():
 7 #     print(el)
 8 # print(dic.values())     # 取出字典中所有的value，得列表，可遍历
 9 # for el in dic.values():
10 #     print(el)
11 # 从dic中获取到list列表. 列表中每一项都是一个元组(key,value) 通过解构可以直接把key和value获取到
12 print(dic.items())
13 for k,v in dic.items():
14     print(k)
15     print(v)

1 # 解构
2 # a, b = (1, 5)
3 # print(a)
4 # print(b)

 1 wangfeng = {
 2     'name':'汪峰',
 3     'age':46,
 4     'wife':{
 5         'name':'章子怡',
 6         'age':43
 7     },
 8     'children':[
 9         {'name':'小叮当','age':10},
10         {'name':'大叮当','age':16}
11     ]
12 }
13 # 汪峰的第二个儿子的年龄
14 print(wangfeng.get("children")[1].get("age"))
15 print(wangfeng.get("wife").get("name"))
16 print(wangfeng.get("name"))

 1 dic = {
 2 'name':['alex',2,3,5],
 3 'job':'teacher',
 4 'oldboy':{'alex':['python1','python2',100]}
 5 }
 6 # 1，将name对应的列表追加一个元素’wusir’。
 7 dic['name'].append("wusir")
 8 print(dic)
 9 # 2，将name对应的列表中的alex首字母大写。
10 dic['name'][0] = dic['name'][0].capitalize()
11 print(dic)
12 # 3，oldboy对应的字典加一个键值对’老男孩’,’linux’。
13 dic['oldboy']['老男孩'] = 'linux'
14 print(dic)
15 # 4，将oldboy对应的字典中的alex对应的列表中的python2删除。
16 dic["oldboy"]['alex'].remove('python2')
17 print(dic)