在本文中,我们将使用 HTML 和 PHP 构建和验证一个基本的 Web 表单,并使用 PHP 完成内容的验证。
表单包含:文本字段、单选按钮、多选项选择列表、复选框和提交按钮。将使用PHP来验证这些内容,以确保用户填写了所有的值。
如果字段为空,将再字段旁边输出错误字符串“不能为空”。如果所有字段都都被填写,则显示填写的值。
网页表单
表单元素
<form method="POST" action="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]);?>">
PHP验证
<?php
$errors = [];
$fields = ['name', 'address', 'email', 'howMany', 'favoriteFruit', 'brochure'];
$optionalFields = ['brochure'];
$values = [];
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
foreach ($fields as $field) {
if (empty($_POST[$field]) && !in_array($field, $optionalFields)) {
$errors[] = $field;
} else {
$values[$field] = $_POST[$field];
}
}
$errors:最初为空,用于存储验证失败的表单字段
$fields:存储所有要处理的字段名称
$optionalFields:存储可选字段名称
$values:最初为空,这是一个关联数组,将包含提供的字段及其值
在检查提交是否存在错误后,如果没有错误,代码会以相当基本的方式打印出用户提交的值:
if (empty($errors)) {
foreach ($fields as $field) {
if ($field === "favoriteFruit") {
printf("%s: %s<br />", $field, var_export($_POST[$field], TRUE));
} else {
printf("%s: %s<br />", $field, $_POST[$field]);
}
};
exit;
}
}
显示错误消息
<?php if (in_array('name', $errors)): ?>
<span class="error">姓名不能为空</span>
<?php endif; ?>
扩展表单
还可以记住用户从单选按钮所做的选择
<input type="radio" name="howMany"
<?php if (isset($howMany) && $howMany == "zero") echo "checked"; ?>
value="zero"> 0
<input type="radio" name="howMany"
<?php if (isset($howMany) && $howMany == "one") echo "checked"; ?>
value="one"> 一种
<input type="radio" name="howMany"
<?php if (isset($howMany) && $howMany == "two") echo "checked"; ?>
value="two"> 两种
<input type="radio" name="howMany"
<?php if (isset($howMany) && $howMany == "twoplus") echo "checked"; ?>
value="twoplus"> 两种以上
完整的PHP验证实例代码
<?php
$errors = [];
$fields = ['name', 'address', 'email', 'howMany', 'favoriteFruit', 'brochure'];
$optionalFields = ['brochure'];
$values = [];
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
foreach ($fields as $field) {
if (empty($_POST[$field]) && !in_array($field, $optionalFields)) {
$errors[] = $field;
} else {
$values[$field] = $_POST[$field];
}
}
if (empty($errors)) {
foreach ($fields as $field) {
if ($field === "favoriteFruit") {
printf("%s: %s<br />", $field, var_export($_POST[$field], TRUE));
} else {
printf("%s: %s<br />", $field, $_POST[$field]);
}
}
exit;
}
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>水果世界</title>
<style type="text/css">
body {
background-color: #FAFAF9;
color: #111827;
padding: 15px;
}
h1, h2 {
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
h2 {
margin-top: 10px;
}
.wrapper {
background-color: #312E81;
color: #ffffff;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
gap: 10px;
width: 95%;
padding: 15px;
border-radius: 5px;
}
.wrapper div:last-child {
grid-column: 2;
}
label, .field-label {
padding-top: 10px;
text-align: right;
}
input {
padding: 10px 10px 10px 5px;
}
input, option {
color: #1F2937;
font-size: 1.1rem;
}
.error {
color: #FF0000;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>天宁日记</h1>
<h2>果蔬销售调查表</h2>
<p>www.axzb.com</p>
<form class="wrapper" method="POST" action="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]);?>">
<label for="name">姓名</label>
<div>
<input type="text"
name="name"
id="name"
value="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($values['name']);?>">
<?php if (in_array('name', $errors)): ?>
<span class="error">姓名不能为空</span>
<?php endif; ?>
</div>
<label for="address">住址</label>
<div>
<input type="text"
name="address"
id="address"
value="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($values['address']);?>">
<?php if (in_array('address', $errors)): ?>
<span class="error">住址不能为空</span>
<?php endif; ?>
</div>
<label for="email">邮箱</label>
<div>
<input type="text"
name="email"
id="email"
value="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($values['email']);?>">
<?php if (in_array('email', $errors)): ?>
<span class="error">邮箱不能为空</span>
<?php endif; ?>
</div>
<div class="field-label">每日消耗的果蔬数量</div>
<div>
<label>
<input type="radio"
name="howMany"
<?php if (isset($values['howMany']) && $values['howMany'] == "zero") echo "checked"; ?>
value="zero">
0
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio"
name="howMany"
<?php if (isset($values['howMany']) && $values['howMany'] == "one") echo "checked"; ?>
value="one">
一种
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio"
name="howMany"
<?php if (isset($values['howMany']) && $values['howMany'] == "two") echo "checked"; ?>
value="two">
两种
</label>
<label>
<input type="radio"
name="howMany"
<?php if (isset($values['howMany']) && $values['howMany'] == "twoplus") echo "checked"; ?>
value="twoplus">
两种以上
</label>
<?php if (in_array('howMany', $errors)): ?>
<span class="error">数量不能为空</span>
<?php endif; ?>
</div>
<label for="favoriteFruit">我最喜欢的果蔬品种</label>
<div>
<select name="favoriteFruit[]" id="favoriteFruit" size="4" multiple="">
<?php
$options = ["苹果", "香蕉", "李子", "石榴", "草莓", "西瓜"];
foreach ($options as $option) {
printf(
'<option value="%s" %s>%s</option>',
$option,
(in_array($option, $values['favoriteFruit'])) ? "selected" : '',
ucfirst($option)
);
}
?>
</select>
<?php if (in_array('favoriteFruit', $errors)): ?>
<span class="error">品种不能为空</span>
<?php endif; ?>
</div>
<label for="brochure">是否需要天宁日记提供的礼品</label>
<div>
<input type="checkbox"
name="brochure"
id="brochure"
<?php if (isset($values['brochure']) && $values['brochure'] == "Yes") echo "checked"; ?>
value="Yes">
</div>
<div>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="提 交">
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>