获取access_token可参照微信公众平台之获取access_token
因为access_token的有效期目前为2个小时,需定时刷新,重复获取将导致上次获取的access_token失效。而且每天获取的次数是有限制的,所以可以做一个缓存。缓存方式根据自己需求而定。
我的具体代码实现如下:
AccessToken.java
public class AccessToken { private String id; private String accessToken; private int expiresIn; public String getAccessToken() { return accessToken; } public void setAccessToken(String accessToken) { this.accessToken = accessToken; } public int getExpiresIn() { return expiresIn; } public void setExpiresIn(int expiresIn) { this.expiresIn = expiresIn; } public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } }
AccessTokenCache.java
/** * 单例设计模式 缓存 accessToken expires_in */ public class AccessTokenCache { //缓存accessToken的Map,map中包含accessToken,expiresIn和缓存的时间戳time private Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String,String>(); private static AccessTokenCache accessTokenCache = null; private AccessTokenCache() { } // 静态工厂方法 public static AccessTokenCache getInstance() { if (accessTokenCache == null) { accessTokenCache = new AccessTokenCache(); } return accessTokenCache; } public Map<String, String> getMap() { return map; } public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) { this.map = map; } /** * 获取 accessToken expires_in * @param appid 第三方用户唯一凭证 * @param appsecret 第三方用户唯一凭证密钥 * @return */ public Map<String,Object> getAcessTokenAndExpiresIn(String appid, String appsecret) { Map<String,Object> result = new HashMap<String,Object>(); AccessTokenCache accessTokenCache = AccessTokenCache.getInstance(); Map<String, String> map = accessTokenCache.getMap(); String time = map.get("time"); String accessToken = map.get("access_token"); String expiresIn = map.get("expires_in"); Long nowDate = new Date().getTime(); if (accessToken != null && time != null && expiresIn!=null) { //这里设置过期时间为微信规定的过期时间减去5分钟 int outTime = (Integer.parseInt(expiresIn)-300) * 1000; if (nowDate - Long.parseLong(time) < outTime) { System.out.println("-----从缓存读取access_token:" + accessToken); //从缓存中拿数据为返回结果赋值 result.put("access_token", accessToken); result.put("expires_in", expiresIn); } } else { AccessToken info = WeiXinUtil.getAccessToken(appid, appsecret);//实际中这里要改为你自己调用微信接口去获取accessToken和expires_in System.out.println("-----通过调用微信接口获取access_token:" + info.getAccessToken()); //将信息放置缓存中 map.put("time", nowDate + ""); map.put("access_token", info.getAccessToken()); map.put("expires_in", info.getExpiresIn()+""); //为返回结果赋值 result.put("access_token", info.getAccessToken()); result.put("expires_in", info.getExpiresIn()); } return result; } }
调用微信接口获取accessToken的方法。WeiXinUtil.java
// 获取access_token的接口地址(GET) 限2000(次/天) public final static String access_token_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";
public class WeiXinUtil { private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WeiXinUtil.class); /** * 获取access_token * @param appid 凭证 * @param appsecret 密钥 * @return */ public static AccessToken getAccessToken(String appid, String appsecret) { AccessToken accessToken = null; String requestUrl = WXConstants.access_token_url.replace("APPID", appid).replace("APPSECRET", appsecret); JSONObject jsonObject = httpRequest(requestUrl, "GET", null); // 如果请求成功 if (null != jsonObject) { try { accessToken = new AccessToken(); accessToken.setAccessToken(jsonObject.getString("access_token")); accessToken.setExpiresIn(jsonObject.getInt("expires_in")); } catch (JSONException e) { accessToken = null; // 获取token失败 log.error("获取token失败 errcode:{} errmsg:{}", jsonObject.getInt("errcode"), jsonObject.getString("errmsg")); } } return accessToken; } /** * 描述: 发起https请求并获取结果 * @param requestUrl 请求地址 * @param requestMethod 请求方式(GET、POST) * @param outputStr 提交的数据 * @return JSONObject(通过JSONObject.get(key)的方式获取json对象的属性值) */ public static JSONObject httpRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr) { JSONObject jsonObject = null; StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); try { // 创建SSLContext对象,并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化 TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() }; SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE"); sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom()); // 从上述SSLContext对象中得到SSLSocketFactory对象 SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory(); URL url = new URL(requestUrl); HttpsURLConnection httpUrlConn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection(); httpUrlConn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf); httpUrlConn.setDoOutput(true); httpUrlConn.setDoInput(true); httpUrlConn.setUseCaches(false); // 设置请求方式(GET/POST) httpUrlConn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod); if ("GET".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod)) httpUrlConn.connect(); // 当有数据需要提交时 if (null != outputStr) { OutputStream outputStream = httpUrlConn.getOutputStream(); // 注意编码格式,防止中文乱码 outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8")); outputStream.close(); } // 将返回的输入流转换成字符串 InputStream inputStream = httpUrlConn.getInputStream(); InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8"); BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader); String str = null; while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) { buffer.append(str); } bufferedReader.close(); inputStreamReader.close(); // 释放资源 inputStream.close(); inputStream = null; httpUrlConn.disconnect(); jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString()); } catch (ConnectException ce) { log.error("Weixin server connection timed out."); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("https request error:{}", e); } return jsonObject; } }
MyX509TrustManager.java
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager; import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; /** * 编写程序,模拟https连接,获得token,对于https请求,我们需要一个证书信任管理器,这个管理器类需要自己定义,但需要实现X509TrustManager接口 * 描述: 证书信任管理器(用于https请求) */ public class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager { // 检查客户端证书 public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } // 检查服务器端证书 public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } // 返回受信任的X509证书数组 public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } }
// 可在main方法中调用AccessTokenCache获取access_token Map<String,Object> map = AccessTokenCache.getInstance().getAcessTokenAndExpiresIn(WXConstants.APPID, WXConstants.APPSECRET); String accessToken = (String)map.get("access_token");
控制台打印结果: