一、问题描述

dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of synergy:
synergy depends on libqt5core5a (>= 5.12.2); however:
Package libqt5core5a is not installed.
synergy depends on libqt5gui5 (>= 5.0.2) | libqt5gui5-gles (>= 5.0.2); however:
Package libqt5gui5 is not installed.
Package libqt5gui5-gles is not installed.
synergy depends on libqt5network5 (>= 5.0.2); however:
Package libqt5network5 is not installed.
synergy depends on libqt5widgets5 (>= 5.11.0~rc1); however:
Package libqt5widgets5 is not installed.
完整log如下：

k@aorus:~/Downloads/software$ sudo dpkg -i synergy_1.14.0-stable.67d824b8_ubuntu20_amd64.deb 
[sudo] password for k: 
Selecting previously unselected package synergy.
(Reading database ... 185783 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack synergy_1.14.0-stable.67d824b8_ubuntu20_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking synergy (1.14.0.stable.67d824b8) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of synergy:
 synergy depends on libqt5core5a (>= 5.12.2); however:
  Package libqt5core5a is not installed.
 synergy depends on libqt5gui5 (>= 5.0.2) | libqt5gui5-gles (>= 5.0.2); however:
  Package libqt5gui5 is not installed.
  Package libqt5gui5-gles is not installed.
 synergy depends on libqt5network5 (>= 5.0.2); however:
  Package libqt5network5 is not installed.
 synergy depends on libqt5widgets5 (>= 5.11.0~rc1); however:
  Package libqt5widgets5 is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package synergy (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.36.0-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.24-1ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.64ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 synergy
k@aorus:~/Downloads/software$

二、解决办法

先尝试装：
sudo apt-get install libqt5core5a
依然报错，但提供了解决办法：Try ‘apt --fix-broken install’

k@aorus:~/Downloads/software$ sudo apt-get install libqt5core5a                              
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libqt5core5a : Depends: libdouble-conversion3 (>= 2.0.0) but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: libpcre2-16-0 (>= 10.22) but it is not going to be installed
                Recommends: qttranslations5-l10n but it is not going to be installed
 synergy : Depends: libqt5gui5 (>= 5.0.2) but it is not going to be installed or
                    libqt5gui5-gles (>= 5.0.2) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: libqt5network5 (>= 5.0.2) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: libqt5widgets5 (>= 5.11.0~rc1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
k@aorus:~/Downloads/software$ 

所以：sudo apt --fix-broken install后再去安装synergy即可解决。
过程如下：

k@aorus:~/Downloads/software$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra gstreamer1.0-vaapi libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-0 libva-wayland2
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libdouble-conversion3 libpcre2-16-0 libqt5core5a libqt5dbus5 libqt5gui5 libqt5network5 libqt5svg5 libqt5widgets5 libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xinput0 qt5-gtk-platformtheme qttranslations5-l10n
Suggested packages:
  qt5-image-formats-plugins qtwayland5
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libdouble-conversion3 libpcre2-16-0 libqt5core5a libqt5dbus5 libqt5gui5 libqt5network5 libqt5svg5 libqt5widgets5 libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xinput0 qt5-gtk-platformtheme qttranslations5-l10n
0 upgraded, 12 newly installed, 0 to remove and 67 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 10.1 MB of archives.
After this operation, 43.8 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 libdouble-conversion3 amd64 3.1.5-4ubuntu1 [37.9 kB]
Get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libpcre2-16-0 amd64 10.34-7ubuntu0.1 [181 kB]
Get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 libqt5core5a amd64 5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1 [2,006 kB]
Get:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 libqt5dbus5 amd64 5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1 [208 kB]
Get:5 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 libqt5network5 amd64 5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1 [673 kB]
Get:6 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libxcb-xinerama0 amd64 1.14-2 [5,260 B]
Get:7 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libxcb-xinput0 amd64 1.14-2 [29.3 kB]
Get:8 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 libqt5gui5 amd64 5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1 [2,971 kB]
Get:9 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 libqt5widgets5 amd64 5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1 [2,295 kB]
Get:10 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 libqt5svg5 amd64 5.12.8-0ubuntu1 [131 kB]
Get:11 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 qt5-gtk-platformtheme amd64 5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1 [124 kB]
Get:12 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 qttranslations5-l10n all 5.12.8-0ubuntu1 [1,486 kB]
Fetched 10.1 MB in 6s (1,661 kB/s)                                                                                                                                                                                                         
Selecting previously unselected package libdouble-conversion3:amd64.
(Reading database ... 185792 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../00-libdouble-conversion3_3.1.5-4ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libdouble-conversion3:amd64 (3.1.5-4ubuntu1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libpcre2-16-0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../01-libpcre2-16-0_10.34-7ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpcre2-16-0:amd64 (10.34-7ubuntu0.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libqt5core5a:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../02-libqt5core5a_5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libqt5core5a:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libqt5dbus5:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../03-libqt5dbus5_5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libqt5dbus5:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libqt5network5:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../04-libqt5network5_5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libqt5network5:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libxcb-xinerama0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../05-libxcb-xinerama0_1.14-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libxcb-xinerama0:amd64 (1.14-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libxcb-xinput0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../06-libxcb-xinput0_1.14-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libxcb-xinput0:amd64 (1.14-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libqt5gui5:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../07-libqt5gui5_5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libqt5gui5:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libqt5widgets5:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../08-libqt5widgets5_5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libqt5widgets5:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libqt5svg5:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../09-libqt5svg5_5.12.8-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libqt5svg5:amd64 (5.12.8-0ubuntu1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package qt5-gtk-platformtheme:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../10-qt5-gtk-platformtheme_5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking qt5-gtk-platformtheme:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package qttranslations5-l10n.
Preparing to unpack .../11-qttranslations5-l10n_5.12.8-0ubuntu1_all.deb ...
Unpacking qttranslations5-l10n (5.12.8-0ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libdouble-conversion3:amd64 (3.1.5-4ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libxcb-xinput0:amd64 (1.14-2) ...
Setting up libpcre2-16-0:amd64 (10.34-7ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up libxcb-xinerama0:amd64 (1.14-2) ...
Setting up qttranslations5-l10n (5.12.8-0ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libqt5core5a:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Setting up libqt5dbus5:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Setting up libqt5network5:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Setting up libqt5gui5:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Setting up libqt5widgets5:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Setting up synergy (1.14.0.stable.67d824b8) ...
Setting up qt5-gtk-platformtheme:amd64 (5.12.8+dfsg-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Setting up libqt5svg5:amd64 (5.12.8-0ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.9) ...
k@aorus:~/Downloads/software$ 

k@aorus:~/Downloads/software$ sudo dpkg -i synergy_1.14.0-stable.67d824b8_ubuntu20_amd64.deb                
(Reading database ... 186184 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack synergy_1.14.0-stable.67d824b8_ubuntu20_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking synergy (1.14.0.stable.67d824b8) over (1.14.0.stable.67d824b8) ...
Setting up synergy (1.14.0.stable.67d824b8) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.36.0-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.24-1ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.64ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
k@aorus:~/Downloads/software$