public class Action1  extends JFrame{
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    static JButton b1 = new JButton("红色");
    static JButton b2 = new JButton("黄色");
    static JButton b3 = new JButton("蓝色");
    static JPanel p = new JPanel();
    static JLabel  l = new JLabel("请点击下面按钮");
    public Action1(){
        super("动作时间");
        setBounds(10,20,220,200);
        l.setOpaque(true);
        l.setBounds(0,0,220,150);
        l.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER);
        add(l,"Center");
        p.add(b1);
        p.add(b2);
        p.add(b3);
        add(p,"South");
        b1.addActionListener(new B());
        b2.addActionListener(new B());
        b3.addActionListener(new B());
        setVisible(true);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Action1 a = new Action1();
    }
}
class B implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(e.getSource() == Action1.b1){
            Action1.l.setText("按下的是红色的按钮");
            Action1.l.setBackground(Color.red);
        }else if(e.getSource() == Action1.b2){
            Action1.l.setText("按下的是黄色的按钮");
            Action1.l.setBackground(Color.yellow);
        }else if(e.getSource() == Action1.b3){
            Action1.l.setText("按下的是蓝色的按钮");
            Action1.l.setBackground(Color.blue);
        }
    }

}

代码很直白，没有什么高深的思想，所以就直接上效果图吧: