一:简介
Linux系统上的/proc目录是一种文件系统,即proc文件系统。与其它常见的文件系统不同的是,/proc是一种伪文件系统(也即虚拟文件系统),存储的是当前内核运行状态的一系列特殊文件,用户可以通过这些文件查看有关系统硬件及当前正在运行进程的信息,甚至可以通过更改其中某些文件来改变内核的运行状态。
为了查看及使用上的方便,这些文件通常会按照相关性进行分类存储于不同的目录甚至子目录中,如/proc/scsi目录中存储的就是当前系统上所有SCSI设备的相关信息,/proc/N中存储的则是系统当前正在运行的进程的相关信息,其中N为正在运行的进程(可以想象得到,在某进程结束后其相关目录则会消失)。
大多数虚拟文件可以使用文件查看命令如cat、more或者less进行查看,有些文件信息表述的内容可以一目了然,但也有文件的信息却不怎么具有可读性。不过,这些可读性较差的文件在使用一些命令如apm、free、lspci或top查看时却可以有着不错的表现。
/proc ----1/
|---2/
|...(一系列以进程PID命名的文件夹)
|---bus/ 该文件夹下存放总线设备
|---driver/
|---fs/
|---irq/
|---net/
|---scsi/
|---sys/
|---sysvipc/
|---tty/
|
|---一些系统文件
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/proc下目录
/proc/N目录
该系列目录存放对应PID的进程信息
- /proc/N/cmdline 进程启动命令
# cat /proc/1/cmdline
init#
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/proc/N/cwd 链接到进程当前工作目录
/proc/N/environ 进程环境变量列表
# cat /proc/1/environ
HOME=/TERM=linux#
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- /proc/N/exe 链接到进程的执行命令文件
//不可查看
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/proc/N/fd 包含进程相关的所有的文件描述符
/proc/N/maps 与进程相关的内存映射信息
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/1/maps
0047e000-0049c000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 226878 /lib/ld-2.11.2.so
0049c000-0049d000 r--p 0001d000 fd:00 226878 /lib/ld-2.11.2.so
0049d000-0049e000 rw-p 0001e000 fd:00 226878 /lib/ld-2.11.2.so
004a0000-00612000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 226879 /lib/libc-2.11.2.so
00612000-00613000 ---p 00172000 fd:00 226879 /lib/libc-2.11.2.so
00613000-00615000 r--p 00172000 fd:00 226879 /lib/libc-2.11.2.so
00615000-00616000 rw-p 00174000 fd:00 226879 /lib/libc-2.11.2.so
00616000-00619000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
00fd9000-00fda000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso]
08048000-08069000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 138093 /sbin/init
08069000-0806b000 rw-p 00020000 fd:00 138093 /sbin/init
089f3000-08a1e000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [heap]
b78a5000-b78a6000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
b78c5000-b78c6000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
bfd94000-bfda9000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [stack]
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/proc/N/mem 指代进程持有的内存,不可读
/proc/N/root 链接到进程的根目录
/proc/N/stat 进程的状态
# cat /proc/1/stat
1 (init) S 0 1 1 0 -1 4194560 111 6470671 0 0 0 561 19557 17854 20 0 1 0 10 2035712 89 2147483647 4194304 4677084 2144513120 2144512032 722244372 0 0 0 25280519 2147745052 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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- /proc/N/statm 进程使用的内存的状态
# cat /proc/1/statm
497 89 73 118 0 252 0
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- /proc/N/status 进程状态信息,比stat/statm更具可读性
# cat /proc/1/status
Name: init
State: S (sleeping)
Tgid: 1
Pid: 1
PPid: 0
TracerPid: 0
Uid: 0 0 0 0
Gid: 0 0 0 0
FDSize: 32
Groups:
VmPeak: 1988 kB
VmSize: 1988 kB
VmLck: 0 kB
VmHWM: 356 kB
VmRSS: 356 kB
VmData: 872 kB
VmStk: 136 kB
VmExe: 472 kB
VmLib: 476 kB
VmPTE: 16 kB
VmSwap: 0 kB
Threads: 1
SigQ: 0/435
SigPnd: 00000000000000000000000000000000
ShdPnd: 00000000000000000000000000000000
SigBlk: 00000000000000000000000000000000
SigIgn: 00000000000000000000000000000000
SigCgt: 0000000000000000000000000181c007
CapInh: 0000000000000000
CapPrm: ffffffffffffffff
CapEff: fffffffffffffeff
CapBnd: ffffffffffffffff
Cpus_allowed: 1
Cpus_allowed_list: 0
voluntary_ctxt_switches: 62
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches: 2
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/proc/bus目录
该目录存放一些系统总线相关信息,如:pic、usb设备
/proc/driver目录
该目录存放设备驱动,如rtc
/proc/fs目录
文件系统信息
/proc/irq目录
中断请求设备信息
/proc/net目录
网络设备
/proc/net/dev
显示网络适配器及统计信息
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/proc/scsi目录
scsi设备信息
/proc/tty目录
tty设备信息
/proc下文件
/proc/buddyinfo
每个内存区中的每个order有多少块可用,和内存碎片问题有关
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/buddyinfo
Node 0, zone DMA 21 16 20 15 8 0 0 0 0 1 0
Node 0, zone Normal 4244 4360 120 3 3 1 1 1 1 0 0
Node 0, zone HighMem 417 3 1 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
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/proc/cmdline
启动时传递给kernel的参数信息
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/cmdline
ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_f12-lv_root nomodeset LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rhgb quiet
# cat /proc/cmdline
console=ttyS1,57600n8 root=/dev/ram0 console=ttyS0
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/proc/cpuinfo
cpu的信息
# cat /proc/cpuinfo
system type : MT7620
processor : 0
cpu model : MIPS 24Kc V5.0
BogoMIPS : 386.04
wait instruction : yes
microsecond timers : yes
tlb_entries : 32
extra interrupt vector : yes
hardware watchpoint : yes, count: 4, address/irw mask: [0x0004, 0x0a1c, 0x0ff8, 0x0973]
ASEs implemented : mips16 dsp
shadow register sets : 1
core : 0
VCED exceptions : not available
VCEI exceptions : not available
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/proc/crypto
内核使用的所有已安装的加密密码及细节
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/crypto
name : stdrng
driver : krng
module : kernel
priority : 200
refcnt : 1
selftest : passed
type : rng
seedsize : 0
name : crc32c
driver : crc32c-generic
module : kernel
priority : 100
refcnt : 1
selftest : passed
type : shash
blocksize : 1
digestsize : 4
descsize : 4
name : sha1
driver : sha1-generic
module : kernel
priority : 0
refcnt : 1
selftest : passed
type : shash
blocksize : 64
digestsize : 20
descsize : 92
name : md5
driver : md5-generic
module : kernel
priority : 0
refcnt : 1
selftest : passed
type : shash
blocksize : 64
digestsize : 16
descsize : 88
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/proc/devices
已经加载的设备并分类
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/devices
Character devices:
1 mem
4 /dev/vc/0
4 tty
4 ttyS
5 /dev/tty
5 /dev/console
5 /dev/ptmx
7 vcs
10 misc
13 input
21 sg
29 fb
81 video4linux
99 ppdev
128 ptm
136 pts
162 raw
180 usb
189 usb_device
202 cpu/msr
203 cpu/cpuid
250 hidraw
251 usbmon
252 bsg
253 pcmcia
254 rtc
Block devices:
1 ramdisk
2 fd
259 blkext
7 loop
8 sd
9 md
11 sr
65 sd
66 sd
67 sd
68 sd
69 sd
70 sd
71 sd
128 sd
129 sd
130 sd
131 sd
132 sd
133 sd
134 sd
135 sd
253 device-mapper
254 mdp
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/proc/dma
已注册使用的ISA DMA频道列表
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/dma
2: floppy
4: cascade
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/proc/execdomains
Linux内核当前支持的execution domains
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/execdomains
0-0 Linux [kernel]
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/proc/fb
帧缓冲设备列表,包括数量和控制它的驱动
/proc/filesystems
内核当前支持的文件系统类型
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/filesystems
nodev sysfs
nodev rootfs
nodev bdev
nodev proc
nodev cgroup
nodev cpuset
nodev binfmt_misc
nodev debugfs
nodev securityfs
nodev sockfs
nodev usbfs
nodev pipefs
nodev anon_inodefs
nodev tmpfs
nodev inotifyfs
nodev devpts
ext3
ext4
ext4dev
nodev ramfs
nodev hugetlbfs
iso9660
nodev mqueue
nodev selinuxfs
nodev vmhgfs
nodev fuse
fuseblk
nodev fusectl
nodev rpc_pipefs
nodev nfsd
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/proc/interrupts
x86架构中的每个IRQ中断数
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/interrupts
CPU0 CPU1
0: 2523 0 IO-APIC-edge timer
1: 9 59587 IO-APIC-edge i8042
3: 0 1 IO-APIC-edge
4: 1 0 IO-APIC-edge
6: 2 3 IO-APIC-edge floppy
7: 0 0 IO-APIC-edge parport0
8: 1 0 IO-APIC-edge rtc0
9: 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi acpi
12: 101 414159 IO-APIC-edge i8042
14: 0 0 IO-APIC-edge ata_piix
15: 2052469 3722477 IO-APIC-edge ata_piix
16: 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi ehci_hcd:usb1
17: 663267 137 IO-APIC-fasteoi ioc0
18: 60 6412 IO-APIC-fasteoi uhci_hcd:usb2
19: 6 1132951 IO-APIC-fasteoi eth7
24: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
25: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
26: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
27: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
28: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
29: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
30: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
31: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
32: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
33: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
34: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
35: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
36: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
37: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
38: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
39: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
40: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
41: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
42: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
43: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
44: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
45: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
46: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
47: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
48: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
49: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
50: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
51: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
52: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
53: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
54: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
55: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge pciehp
56: 3 0 PCI-MSI-edge vmci
57: 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge vmci
NMI: 0 0 Non-maskable interrupts
LOC: 28580837 13167838 Local timer interrupts
SPU: 0 0 Spurious interrupts
CNT: 0 0 Performance counter interrupts
PND: 0 0 Performance pending work
RES: 1661910 3545173 Rescheduling interrupts
CAL: 130 198 Function call interrupts
TLB: 71869 54124 TLB shootdowns
TRM: 0 0 Thermal event interrupts
THR: 0 0 Threshold APIC interrupts
MCE: 0 0 Machine check exceptions
MCP: 2338 2338 Machine check polls
ERR: 0
MIS: 0
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/proc/iomem
每个物理设备当前在系统内存中的映射
# cat /proc/iomem
00000000-03ffffff : System RAM
00000000-004c5ff3 : Kernel code
004c5ff4-005bceff : Kernel data
101c0000-101c0fff : rt3xxx-ehci
101c0000-101c0fff : ehci_hcd
101c1000-101c1fff : rt3xxx-ohci
101c1000-101c1fff : ohci_hcd
20000000-2fffffff : PCI MEM1
20000000-200fffff : PCI Bus 0000:01
20000000-200fffff : 0000:01:00.0
20100000-201fffff : PCI Bus 0000:01
20100000-2010ffff : 0000:01:00.0
20200000-2020ffff : 0000:00:00.0
b0130000-b0133fff : mtk-sd.0
b0130000-b0133fff : mtk-sd
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/proc/ioports
一个设备的输入输出所使用的注册端口范围
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/ioports
0000-001f : dma1
0020-0021 : pic1
0040-0043 : timer0
0050-0053 : timer1
0060-0060 : keyboard
0064-0064 : keyboard
0070-0071 : rtc0
0080-008f : dma page reg
00a0-00a1 : pic2
00c0-00df : dma2
00f0-00ff : fpu
0170-0177 : 0000:00:07.1
0170-0177 : ata_piix
01f0-01f7 : 0000:00:07.1
01f0-01f7 : ata_piix
02f8-02ff : serial
0376-0376 : 0000:00:07.1
0376-0376 : ata_piix
0378-037a : parport0
03c0-03df : vga+
03f2-03f2 : floppy
03f4-03f5 : floppy
03f6-03f6 : 0000:00:07.1
03f6-03f6 : ata_piix
03f7-03f7 : floppy
03f8-03ff : serial
0cf0-0cf1 : pnp 00:01
0cf8-0cff : PCI conf1
1000-103f : 0000:00:07.3
1000-103f : pnp 00:01
1000-1003 : ACPI PM1a_EVT_BLK
1004-1005 : ACPI PM1a_CNT_BLK
1008-100b : ACPI PM_TMR
100c-100f : ACPI GPE0_BLK
1010-1015 : ACPI CPU throttle
1040-104f : 0000:00:07.3
1040-104f : pnp 00:01
1060-106f : 0000:00:07.1
1060-106f : ata_piix
1070-107f : 0000:00:0f.0
1080-10bf : 0000:00:07.7
1080-10bf : vmci
1400-14ff : 0000:00:10.0
2000-3fff : PCI Bus 0000:02
2000-207f : 0000:02:01.0
2000-2063 : vmxnet ether
2080-209f : 0000:02:00.0
2080-209f : uhci_hcd
4000-4fff : PCI Bus 0000:03
5000-5fff : PCI Bus 0000:0b
6000-6fff : PCI Bus 0000:13
7000-7fff : PCI Bus 0000:1b
8000-8fff : PCI Bus 0000:04
9000-9fff : PCI Bus 0000:0c
a000-afff : PCI Bus 0000:14
b000-bfff : PCI Bus 0000:1c
c000-cfff : PCI Bus 0000:05
d000-dfff : PCI Bus 0000:0d
e000-efff : PCI Bus 0000:15
fce0-fcff : pnp 00:0d
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/proc/kcore
代表系统的物理内存,存储为核心文件格式,里边显示的是字节数,等于RAM大小加上4kb
/proc/kmsg
记录内核生成的信息,可以通过/sbin/klogd或/bin/dmesg来处理
/proc/loadavg
根据过去一段时间内CPU和IO的状态得出的负载状态,与uptime命令有关
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/loadavg
0.00 0.00 0.00 2/272 32516
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/proc/locks
内核锁住的文件列表
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/locks
1: POSIX ADVISORY WRITE 31359 fd:00:206094 0 EOF
2: POSIX ADVISORY WRITE 31357 fd:00:206093 0 EOF
3: POSIX ADVISORY READ 26544 fd:00:201571 4 4
4: POSIX ADVISORY READ 26544 fd:00:201340 4 4
5: POSIX ADVISORY WRITE 15874 fd:00:206363 0 EOF
6: POSIX ADVISORY WRITE 15874 fd:00:206362 0 EOF
7: POSIX ADVISORY WRITE 15874 fd:00:206345 0 EOF
8: POSIX ADVISORY READ 1751 fd:00:201340 4 4
9: POSIX ADVISORY WRITE 1741 fd:00:133258 0 EOF
10: POSIX ADVISORY READ 1719 fd:00:201552 4 4
11: POSIX ADVISORY READ 1719 fd:00:201551 4 4
12: POSIX ADVISORY READ 1719 fd:00:201550 4 4
13: POSIX ADVISORY READ 1719 fd:00:201549 4 4
14: POSIX ADVISORY READ 1719 fd:00:201340 4 4
15: POSIX ADVISORY WRITE 1719 fd:00:206101 0 0
16: POSIX ADVISORY WRITE 1596 fd:00:206095 0 EOF
17: FLOCK ADVISORY WRITE 1209 fd:00:133492 0 EOF
18: FLOCK ADVISORY WRITE 1093 fd:00:132755 0 EOF
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/proc/mdstat
多硬盘,RAID配置信息(md=multiple disks)
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities :
unused devices: <none>
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/proc/meminfo
RAM使用的相关信息
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 1027080 kB
MemFree: 56404 kB
Buffers: 240168 kB
Cached: 413020 kB
SwapCached: 1836 kB
Active: 457168 kB
Inactive: 328708 kB
Active(anon): 12500 kB
Inactive(anon): 124352 kB
Active(file): 444668 kB
Inactive(file): 204356 kB
Unevictable: 0 kB
Mlocked: 0 kB
HighTotal: 141256 kB
HighFree: 672 kB
LowTotal: 885824 kB
LowFree: 55732 kB
SwapTotal: 2621432 kB
SwapFree: 2604048 kB
Dirty: 8 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 131308 kB
Mapped: 42752 kB
Slab: 164156 kB
SReclaimable: 139156 kB
SUnreclaim: 25000 kB
PageTables: 7284 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 3134972 kB
Committed_AS: 801660 kB
VmallocTotal: 122880 kB
VmallocUsed: 3488 kB
VmallocChunk: 110284 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 10232 kB
DirectMap2M: 897024 kB
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/proc/misc
其他的主要设备(设备号为10)上注册的驱动
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/misc
229 fuse
57 vsock
223 uinput
58 vmci
59 network_throughput
60 network_latency
61 cpu_dma_latency
62 device-mapper
175 agpgart
144 nvram
228 hpet
231 snapshot
227 mcelog
63 vga_arbiter
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/proc/modules
所有加载到内核的模块列表
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/modules
gspca_zc3xx 44648 0 - Live 0xf7eff000
gspca_main 19556 1 gspca_zc3xx, Live 0xf7ee9000
videodev 30160 1 gspca_main, Live 0xf7e78000
v4l1_compat 12312 1 videodev, Live 0xf7e68000
ipt_MASQUERADE 2788 1 - Live 0xf8a49000
iptable_nat 6068 1 - Live 0xf8a3b000
nf_nat 18008 2 ipt_MASQUERADE,iptable_nat, Live 0xf8a2c000
bridge 43992 0 - Live 0xf89c3000
stp 1988 1 bridge, Live 0xf89af000
llc 4960 2 bridge,stp, Live 0xf89a5000
nfsd 209700 1 - Live 0xf8968000
lockd 59892 1 nfsd, Live 0xf891c000
nfs_acl 2488 1 nfsd, Live 0xf8904000
auth_rpcgss 31160 1 nfsd, Live 0xf88f4000
exportfs 3736 1 nfsd, Live 0xf88e6000
sunrpc 158388 5 nfsd,lockd,nfs_acl,auth_rpcgss, Live 0xf88b6000
ipv6 239428 28 - Live 0xf8824000
fuse 52712 4 - Live 0xf87ad000
vmhgfs 43276 1 - Live 0xf878d000
vsock 37540 0 - Live 0xf85f1000
vmmemctl 10896 0 - Live 0xf84cb000
dm_multipath 14472 0 - Live 0xf7e72000
uinput 6852 0 - Live 0xf7e55000
ppdev 8200 0 - Live 0xf7e39000
vmci 63396 2 vmhgfs,vsock, Live 0xf82b8000
parport_pc 22748 0 - Live 0xf8176000
parport 29300 2 ppdev,parport_pc, Live 0xf815e000
i2c_piix4 11968 0 - Live 0xf814a000
i2c_core 23160 2 videodev,i2c_piix4, Live 0xf8138000
vmxnet 16620 0 - Live 0xf7ee2000
mptspi 15640 2 - Live 0xf7eb7000
mptscsih 26692 1 mptspi, Live 0xf7eae000
mptbase 71816 2 mptspi,mptscsih, Live 0xf7e83000
scsi_transport_spi 19500 1 mptspi, Live 0xf7e61000
floppy 47700 0 - Live 0xf7e47000
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/proc/mounts
系统中使用的所有挂载
# cat /proc/mounts
rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0
proc /proc proc rw,relatime 0 0
none /var ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
none /dev ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
none /etc ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
none /tmp ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
none /media ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
none /sys sysfs rw,relatime 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,relatime,mode=600 0 0
mdev /dev ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,relatime,mode=600 0 0
/dev/mmcblk0p1 /media/mmcblk0p1 fuseblk rw,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0
/dev/mmcblk0p1 /etc_ro/lighttpd/www/avres fuseblk rw,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0
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/proc/mtrr
系统使用的Memory Type Range Registers (MTRRs)
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/mtrr
reg00: base=0x000000000 ( 0MB), size= 1024MB, count=1: write-back
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/proc/partitions
分区中的块分配信息
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name
8 0 134217728 sda
8 1 204800 sda1
8 2 134010211 sda2
253 0 131387392 dm-0
253 1 2621440 dm-1
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/proc/pci
系统中的PCI设备列表
/proc/slabinfo
系统中所有活动的 slab 缓存信息
# cat /proc/slabinfo
slabinfo - version: 2.1
# name <active_objs> <num_objs> <objsize> <objperslab> <pagesperslab> : tunables <limit> <batchcount> <sharedfactor> : slabdata <active_slabs> <num_slabs> <sharedavail>
bridge_fdb_cache 3 113 32 113 1 : tunables 120 60 0 : slabdata 1 1 0
fib6_nodes 16 113 32 113 1 : tunables 120 60 0 : slabdata 1 1 0
ip6_dst_cache 20 30 256 15 1 : tunables 120 60 0 : slabdata 2 2 0
ndisc_cache 5 24 160 24 1 : tunables 120 60 0 : slabdata 1 1 0
RAWv6 4 6 640 6 1 : tunables 54 27 0 : slabdata 1 1 0
...
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/proc/stat
所有的CPU活动信息
# cat /proc/stat
cpu 73845 0 114281 51302017 8 0 100151 0 0 0
cpu0 73845 0 114281 51302017 8 0 100151 0 0 0
intr 180814944 0 0 0 1018318 50103427 128966359 0 0 0 0 0 0 726488 0 198 0 0 153 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ctxt 9002115
btime 0
processes 412041
procs_running 1
procs_blocked 0
softirq 178599504 45918244 128965137 169327 1416824 0 0 709525 0 0 1420447
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/proc/sysrq-trigger
使用echo命令来写这个文件的时候,远程root用户可以执行大多数的系统请求关键命令,就好像在本地终端执行一样。要写入这个文件,需要把/proc/sys/kernel/sysrq不能设置为0。这个文件对root也是不可读的
/proc/uptime
系统已经运行了多久
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/uptime
708666.58 1377324.62
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/proc/swaps
交换空间的使用情况
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/swaps
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/mapper/vg_f12-lv_swap partition 2621432 17384 -1
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/proc/version
Linux内核版本和gcc版本
[root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.6.31.5-127.fc12.i686.PAE (mockbuild@x86-3.fedora.phx.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.4.2 20091027 (Red Hat 4.4.2-7) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Sat Nov 7 21:25:57 EST 2009
# cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.6.36 (root@F12) (gcc version 3.4.2) #25 Wed Dec 30 15:01:16 CST 2015
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/proc/ide
ide设备信息
/proc/vmstat
虚拟内存统计信息
# cat /proc/vmstat
nr_free_pages 6646
nr_inactive_anon 0
nr_active_anon 458
nr_inactive_file 3165
nr_active_file 1151
nr_unevictable 0
nr_mlock 0
nr_anon_pages 464
nr_mapped 314
nr_file_pages 4316
nr_dirty 0
nr_writeback 0
nr_slab_reclaimable 1135
nr_slab_unreclaimable 1658
nr_page_table_pages 65
nr_kernel_stack 40
nr_unstable 0
nr_bounce 0
nr_vmscan_write 0
nr_writeback_temp 0
nr_isolated_anon 0
nr_isolated_file 0
nr_shmem 0
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/proc/vmcore
内核panic时的内存映像
/proc/diskstats
取得磁盘信息
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/diskstats
1 0 ram0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 ram1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 2 ram2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 3 ram3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 4 ram4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 5 ram5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 6 ram6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 7 ram7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 8 ram8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 9 ram9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 10 ram10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 11 ram11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 12 ram12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 13 ram13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 14 ram14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 15 ram15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 0 loop0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 1 loop1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 2 loop2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 3 loop3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 4 loop4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 5 loop5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 6 loop6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 7 loop7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 0 sr0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 fd0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 0 sda 636497 21176 11405890 12839819 140760 431327 4408732 15069993 0 3733362 27908407
8 1 sda1 233 1502 5844 1427 7 1 28 5 0 713 1432
8 2 sda2 636236 19577 11399046 12837936 119761 431326 4408704 15069485 0 3732777 27906038
253 0 dm-0 654545 0 11391458 13532637 546908 0 4371216 66773885 0 3711632 80307161
253 1 dm-1 835 0 6680 9963 4686 0 37488 484596 0 28949 494559
# cat /proc/diskstats
1 0 ram0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 ram1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 2 ram2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 3 ram3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 4 ram4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 5 ram5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 6 ram6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 7 ram7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 8 ram8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 9 ram9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 10 ram10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 11 ram11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 12 ram12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 13 ram13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 14 ram14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 15 ram15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 0 mtdblock0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 1 mtdblock1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 2 mtdblock2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 3 mtdblock3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 4 mtdblock4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
179 0 mmcblk0 56 1633 2610 144 3 0 0 0 0 124 144
179 1 mmcblk0p1 40 1624 2485 128 0 0 0 0 0 108 128
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/proc/schedstat
kernel调度器的统计信息
[root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/schedstat
version 15
timestamp 709068549
cpu0 24934 0 36895770 14884682 20338545 18793633 6426725307833 2621805225292 21933940
domain0 00000003 1364787 1323284 31537 81322500 10813 1234 385 1322899 412323 412001 95 1488417 277 3 1 412000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1397074 110223 8843
cpu1 39083 0 36999115 11842635 22273051 20875974 5978531477970 3210542306167 25106143
domain0 00000003 1608334 1592831 9886 37120190 6146 620 11 1592820 59350 58963 115 835677 319 4 0 58963 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 3 143 0 0 0 0 0 0 1544912 90561 7684
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/proc/zoneinfo
显示内存空间的统计信息,对分析虚拟内存行为很有用
# cat /proc/zoneinfo
Node 0, zone Normal
pages free 6649
min 512
low 640
high 768
scanned 0
spanned 16384
present 16256
nr_free_pages 6649
nr_inactive_anon 0
nr_active_anon 457
nr_inactive_file 3165
nr_active_file 1151
nr_unevictable 0
nr_mlock 0
nr_anon_pages 464
nr_mapped 314
nr_file_pages 4316
nr_dirty 0
nr_writeback 0
nr_slab_reclaimable 1135
nr_slab_unreclaimable 1654
nr_page_table_pages 66
nr_kernel_stack 40
nr_unstable 0
nr_bounce 0
nr_vmscan_write 0
nr_writeback_temp 0
nr_isolated_anon 0
nr_isolated_file 0
nr_shmem 0
protection: (0, 0)
pagesets
cpu: 0
count: 3
high: 18
batch: 3
all_unreclaimable: 0
start_pfn: 0
inactive_ratio: 1
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/proc/self 链接到当前正在运行的进程