1.GET请求
1.1 演示接口
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
public class HelloController {
@GetMapping("/test")
@ResponseBody
public Map<String, String> test() {
return Collections.singletonMap("message", "Hello");
}
}
GET请求:http://localhost:8080/hello/test
响应:
{
"message": "Hello"
}
1.2 测试用例
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import static org.hamcrest.core.Is.is;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath;
/**
* @Author : xiao
* @Date : 17/5/9 下午2:16
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring.xml", "classpath:spring-mvc.xml", "classpath:spring/spring-mybatis.xml"})
//当然 你可以声明一个事务管理 每个单元测试都进行事务回滚 无论成功与否
@Rollback
public class HelloControllerTest {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloControllerTest.class);
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Autowired
WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;
@Before
public void setUp(){
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
}
@Test
public void testStatus() throws Exception {
String url = "/hello/test";
MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(url)
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andReturn();
}
@Test
public void testMessage() throws Exception {
String url = "/hello/test";
MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(url)
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.message", is("Hello")))
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.andReturn();
}
}
2. Post请求测试
2.1 请求接口
@PostMapping("/user")
@ResponseBody
public String pstUser(@RequestBody UserVO userVO) {
logger.info(userVO.toString());
return CommonResult.success(userVO).toJSON();
}
请求地址:
Post : http://localhost:8080/hello/user
请求参数:
{
"name": "xiao",
"age":21,
"address":"asfasdfasdfasdf.adsfa.asdf"
}
响应:
{
"data": {
"address": "asfasdfasdfasdf.adsfa.asdf",
"age": 21,
"name": "xiao"
},
"message": "成功",
"status": 1
}
2.2 单元测试
@Test
public void testUser() throws Exception {
String url = "/hello/user";
UserVO userVO = new UserVO();
userVO.setName("xiao");
userVO.setAge(12);
userVO.setAddress("asdf.asdfasdf.asdfasd");
String requestJson = JSONObject.toJSONString(userVO);
MvcResult mvcResult = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post(url)
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(requestJson.getBytes())
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
)
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.status", is(1)))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.message", is("成功")))
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.andReturn();
}
3.常见错误
3.1 EL表达式错误
Unable to load 'javax.el.ExpressionFactory'. Check that you have the EL dependencies on the classpath, or use ParameterMessageInterpolator instead
pom.xml文件添加依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
3.2 javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest 方法找不到
java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest.isAsyncStarted()
是由于 servlet-api版本引起的:
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
3.3 Predicate 类没有找到
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/jayway/jsonpath/Predicate
<dependency>
<groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>
<artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
<version>2.4.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>