使用mysqlreplicate快速搭建MySQL主从

简介

mysql-utilities工具集是一个集中了多种工具的合集，可以理解为是DBA的工具箱，本文介绍利用其中的mysqlreplicate工具来快速搭建MySQL主从环境。

HE1:192.168.1.248 slave

HE3:192.168.1.250 master

实战

Part1:安装mysql-utilities

[root@HE1 ~]# tar xvf mysql-utilities-1.5.4.tar.gz

[root@HE1 ~]# cd mysql-utilities-1.5.4

[root@HE1 mysql-utilities-1.5.4]# python setup.py build

[root@HE1 mysql-utilities-1.5.4]# python setup.py install

如何安装MySQL可参考

Part2:基本使用方式

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlreplicate --help

MySQL Utilities mysqlreplicate version 1.5.4

License type: GPLv2

Usage: mysqlreplicate --master=root@localhost:3306 --slave=root@localhost:3310 --rpl-user=rpl:passwd

mysqlreplicate - establish replication with a master

Options:

--version show program's version number and exit

--help display a help message and exit

--license display program's license and exit

--master=MASTER connection information for master server in the form:

<user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>] or

<login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config-

path>[<[group]>].

--slave=SLAVE connection information for slave server in the form:

<user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>] or

<login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config-

path>[<[group]>].

--rpl-user=RPL_USER the user and password for the replication user

requirement, in the form: <user>[:<password>] or

<login-path>. E.g. rpl:passwd

-p, --pedantic fail if storage engines differ among master and slave.

--test-db=TEST_DB database name to use in testing replication setup

(optional)

--master-log-file=MASTER_LOG_FILE

use this master log file to initiate the slave.

--master-log-pos=MASTER_LOG_POS

use this position in the master log file to initiate

the slave.

-b, --start-from-beginning

start replication from the first event recorded in the

binary logging of the master. Not valid with --master-

log-file or --master-log-pos.

--ssl-ca=SSL_CA The path to a file that contains a list of trusted SSL

CAs.

--ssl-cert=SSL_CERT The name of the SSL certificate file to use for

establishing a secure connection.

--ssl-key=SSL_KEY The name of the SSL key file to use for establishing a

secure connection.

--ssl=SSL Specifies if the server connection requires use of

SSL. If an encrypted connection cannot be established,

the connection attempt fails. By default 0 (SSL not

required).

-v, --verbose control how much information is displayed. e.g., -v =

verbose, -vv = more verbose, -vvv = debug

-q, --quiet turn off all messages for quiet execution.

Part3:主库准备

主库创建复制用户

[root@HE3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 23329

Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to 'mysync'@'%' identified by 'MANAGER';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Part4:一键配置

从库进行配置主从执行如下命令

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlreplicate --master=sys_admin:[email protected]:3306 --slave=sys_admin:[email protected]:3306 --rpl-user=mysync:MANAGER -b

WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

# master on 192.168.1.250: ... connected.

# slave on 192.168.1.248: ... connected.

# Checking for binary logging on master...

# Setting up replication...

# ...done.

检查

Part1:mysqlrplcheck检查

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlrplcheck --master=sys_admin:[email protected]:3306 --slave=sys_admin:[email protected]:3306 -s

WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

# master on 192.168.1.250: ... connected.

# slave on 192.168.1.248: ... connected.

Test Description Status

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Checking for binary logging on master [pass]

Are there binlog exceptions? [pass]

Replication user exists? [pass]

Checking server_id values [pass]

Checking server_uuid values [pass]

Is slave connected to master? [pass]

Check master information file [pass]

Checking InnoDB compatibility [pass]

Checking storage engines compatibility [pass]

Checking lower_case_table_names settings [pass]

Checking slave delay (seconds behind master) [pass]

# Slave status:

Slave_IO_State : Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host : 192.168.1.250

Master_User : mysync

Master_Port : 3306

Connect_Retry : 60

Master_Log_File : mysql-bin.000003

Read_Master_Log_Pos : 384741

Relay_Log_File : HE1-relay-bin.000004

Relay_Log_Pos : 384954

Relay_Master_Log_File : mysql-bin.000003

Slave_IO_Running : Yes

Slave_SQL_Running : Yes

Replicate_Do_DB :

Replicate_Ignore_DB :

Replicate_Do_Table :

Replicate_Ignore_Table :

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table :

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table :

Last_Errno : 0

Last_Error :

Skip_Counter : 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos : 384741

Relay_Log_Space : 1743112

Until_Condition : None

Until_Log_File :

Until_Log_Pos : 0

Master_SSL_Allowed : No

Master_SSL_CA_File :

Master_SSL_CA_Path :

Master_SSL_Cert :

Master_SSL_Cipher :

Master_SSL_Key :

Seconds_Behind_Master : 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert : No

Last_IO_Errno : 0

Last_IO_Error :

Last_SQL_Errno : 0

Last_SQL_Error :

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids :

Master_Server_Id : 1250

Master_UUID : 1b1daad8-b501-11e6-aa21-000c29c6361d

Master_Info_File : /data/mysql/master.info

SQL_Delay : 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay : None

Slave_SQL_Running_State : Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

Master_Retry_Count : 86400

Master_Bind :

Last_IO_Error_Timestamp :

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp :

Master_SSL_Crl :

Master_SSL_Crlpath :

Retrieved_Gtid_Set :

Executed_Gtid_Set :

Auto_Position : 0

Replicate_Rewrite_DB :

Channel_Name :

Master_TLS_Version :

# ...done.

其他常用工具

Part1:mysqldiskusage检查数据库空间大小

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqldiskusage --server=sys_admin:MANAGER@localhost

WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

# Source on localhost: ... connected.

# Database totals:

+---------------------+--------------+

| db_name | total |

+---------------------+--------------+

| maxscale_schema | 14,906 |

| mysql | 14,250,013 |

| performance_schema | 818,071 |

| sys | 500,802 |

| wms | 925,929,868 |

+---------------------+--------------+

Total database disk usage = 941,513,660 bytes or 897.90 MB

#...done.

Part2:mysqlindexcheck检查冗余索引

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlindexcheck --server=sys_admin:MANAGER@localhost wms

WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

# Source on localhost: ... connected.

# The following index is a duplicate or redundant for table wms.auth_user:

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `index_user_name` ON `wms`.`auth_user` (`user_name`) USING BTREE

# may be redundant or duplicate of:

CREATE INDEX `user_name` ON `wms`.`auth_user` (`user_name`, `state`) USING BTREE

# The following index is a duplicate or redundant for table wms.basic_storeage_sapce:

CREATE INDEX `idx_store_district_space_no` ON `wms`.`basic_storeage_sapce` (`store_id`, `district_id`, `store_space_no`) USING BTREE

# may be redundant or duplicate of:

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `idx_store_district_space_no_un` ON `wms`.`basic_storeage_sapce` (`store_id`, `district_id`, `store_space_no`) USING BTREE

——总结——

可以看到利用mysql-utilities工具集中的mysqlreplicate来配置MySQL主从非常简单，mysqlreplicate也提供了各类参数，本文中的-b是指使复制从主二进制日志中的第一个事件开始。mysqlrplcheck 中的-s是指输出show slave status\G的内容。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。

使用mysqlreplicate快速搭建MySQL主从

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