maven:
<httpcore.version>4.4.1</httpcore.version> <httpclient.version>4.5</httpclient.version>
<!-- http client --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>${httpclient.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId> <version>${httpcore.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId> <version>${httpclient.version}</version> </dependency>
Java:
import org.apache.http.Consts; import org.apache.http.Header; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.NameValuePair; import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore; import org.apache.http.client.config.AuthSchemes; import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs; import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext; import org.apache.http.config.Registry; import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity; import org.apache.http.impl.client.*; import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager; import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager; import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.charset.Charset; import java.security.KeyManagementException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; /** * Created by Administrator on 2015/11/28. */ public class HttpClientUtil { private static HttpClientContext context = HttpClientContext.create(); private static RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(120000).setSocketTimeout(60000) .setConnectionRequestTimeout(60000).setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.STANDARD_STRICT). setExpectContinueEnabled(true). setTargetPreferredAuthSchemes(Arrays.asList(AuthSchemes.NTLM, AuthSchemes.DIGEST)). setProxyPreferredAuthSchemes(Arrays.asList(AuthSchemes.BASIC)).build(); //https private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory socketFactory; private static TrustManager manager = new X509TrustManager() { @Override public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException { } @Override public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException { } @Override public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } }; private static void enableSSL() { try { SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[]{manager}, null); socketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (KeyManagementException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * https get * @param url * @param data * @return * @throws java.io.IOException */ public static CloseableHttpResponse doHttpsGet(String url, String data){ enableSSL(); Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create() .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE).register("https", socketFactory).build(); PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry); CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connectionManager) .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build(); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpClient.execute(httpGet, context); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return response; } /** * https post * @param url * @param values * @return * @throws java.io.IOException */ public static CloseableHttpResponse doHttpsPost(String url, List<NameValuePair> values) { enableSSL(); Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create() .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE).register("https", socketFactory).build(); PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry); CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connectionManager) .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(values, Consts.UTF_8); httpPost.setEntity(entity); CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, context); }catch (Exception e){} return response; } /** * http get * * @param url * @param data * @return */ public static CloseableHttpResponse doGet(String url, String data) { CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore(); CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create(). setKeepAliveStrategy(new DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy()). setRedirectStrategy(new DefaultRedirectStrategy()).setDefaultHeaders(new ArrayList<Header>()). setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore). setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build(); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); //httpGet.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpClient.execute(httpGet, context); }catch (Exception e){} return response; } /** * http post * * @param url * @param values * @return */ public static CloseableHttpResponse doPost(String url, List<NameValuePair> values) { CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore(); CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create(). setKeepAliveStrategy(new DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy()). setRedirectStrategy(new DefaultRedirectStrategy()). setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore). setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(values, Consts.UTF_8); httpPost.setEntity(entity); CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, context); }catch (Exception e){} return response; } public static CloseableHttpResponse doJsonPost(String url,String json){ CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore(); CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create(). setKeepAliveStrategy(new DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy()). setRedirectStrategy(new DefaultRedirectStrategy()). setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore). setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse; StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json,"utf-8");//解决中文乱码问题 httpPost.setEntity(entity); httpPost.addHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json"); httpPost.addHeader("charset", "utf-8"); CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, context); }catch (Exception e){} return response; } /** * 直接把Response内的Entity内容转换成String * * @param httpResponse * @return */ public static String toString(CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse) { // 获取响应消息实体 String result = null; try { HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity(); if (entity != null) { result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8"); } }catch (Exception e){}finally { try { httpResponse.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return result; } public static void main(String[] args){ CloseableHttpResponse response = HttpClientUtil.doHttpsGet("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=wxb2ebe42765aad029&secret=720661590f720b1f501ab3f390f80d52",""); System.out.println(HttpClientUtil.toString(response)); } }
/** * http post * * @param url * @param values * @return */ public static String doHttpPost(String url, List<NameValuePair> values) { String result = null; CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore(); CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create(). setKeepAliveStrategy(new DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy()). setRedirectStrategy(new DefaultRedirectStrategy()). setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore). setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(values, Consts.UTF_8); httpPost.setEntity(entity); CloseableHttpResponse response = null; try { response = httpClient.execute(httpPost, context); int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity(); result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity); // 消耗掉response EntityUtils.consume(resEntity); } } catch (Exception e) { logger.info("doHttpPost",e); }finally { HttpClientUtils.closeQuietly(response); HttpClientUtils.closeQuietly(httpClient); } return result; }
https + 连接池:
http与https均可以请求及访问
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import org.apache.commons.collections.MapUtils; import org.apache.http.*; import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.config.Registry; import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext; import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import java.io.IOException; import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; public class HttpsUtils { private static final String HTTP = "http"; private static final String HTTPS = "https"; private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = null; private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = null; private static SSLContextBuilder builder = null; private static HttpRequestRetryHandler myRetryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() { @Override public boolean retryRequest(IOException exception, int executionCount, HttpContext context) { return false; }}; static { try { builder = new SSLContextBuilder(); // 全部信任 不做身份鉴定 builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() { @Override public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException { return true; } }); sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build(), new String[]{"SSLv2Hello", "SSLv3", "TLSv1", "TLSv1.2"}, null, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE); Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create() .register(HTTP, new PlainConnectionSocketFactory()) .register(HTTPS, sslsf) .build(); cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry); cm.setMaxTotal(200);//max connection } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * httpClient post请求 * @param url 请求url * @param header 头部信息 * @param param 请求参数 form提交适用 * @param entity 请求实体 json/xml提交适用 * @return 可能为空 需要处理 * @throws Exception * */ public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> header, Map<String, String> param, HttpEntity entity) throws Exception { String result = ""; CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; try { httpClient = getHttpClient(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); // 设置头信息 if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(header)) { for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : header.entrySet()) { httpPost.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); } } // 设置请求参数 if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(param)) { List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : param.entrySet()) { //给参数赋值 formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())); } UrlEncodedFormEntity urlEncodedFormEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, Consts.UTF_8); httpPost.setEntity(urlEncodedFormEntity); } // 设置实体 优先级高 if (entity != null) { httpPost.setEntity(entity); } HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost); int statusCode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { HttpEntity resEntity = httpResponse.getEntity(); result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity); } else { readHttpResponse(httpResponse); } } catch (Exception e) {throw e; } finally { if (httpClient != null) { httpClient.close(); } } return result; } public static String get(String url, Map<String, String> header) throws Exception { String result = ""; CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; try { httpClient = getHttpClient(); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); // 设置头信息 if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(header)) { for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : header.entrySet()) { httpGet.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); } } HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet); int statusCode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { HttpEntity resEntity = httpResponse.getEntity(); result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity); } else { readHttpResponse(httpResponse); } } catch (Exception e) {throw e; } finally { if (httpClient != null) { httpClient.close(); } } return result; } public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() throws Exception { CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom() .setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf) .setConnectionManager(cm).setRetryHandler(myRetryHandler) .setConnectionManagerShared(true) .build(); return httpClient; } public static String readHttpResponse(HttpResponse httpResponse) throws ParseException, IOException { StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); // 获取响应消息实体 HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity(); // 响应状态 builder.append("status:" + httpResponse.getStatusLine()); builder.append("headers:"); HeaderIterator iterator = httpResponse.headerIterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { builder.append("\t" + iterator.next()); } // 判断响应实体是否为空 if (entity != null) { String responseString = EntityUtils.toString(entity); builder.append("response length:" + responseString.length()); builder.append("response content:" + responseString.replace("\r\n", "")); } return builder.toString(); } }