控件模板在以前的文章中总结过：
https://blog.csdn.net/jfyy/article/details/80620327
数据模板跟控件模板的区别：Difference
Typically a control is rendered for its own sake, and doesn't reflect underlying data. For example, a Button wouldn't be bound to a business object - it's there purely so it can be clicked on. A ContentControl or ListBox, however, generally appear so that they can present data for the user.
A DataTemplate, therefore, is used to provide visual structure for underlying data, while a ControlTemplate has nothing to do with underlying data and simply provides visual layout for the control itself.
A ControlTemplate will generally only contain TemplateBinding expressions, binding back to the properties on the control itself, while a DataTemplate will contain standard Binding expressions, binding to the properties of its DataContext (the business/domain object or view model).
翻译：
通常情况下，控件模板只是为了自己而呈现的，并不反映基础数据。 例如，一个Button不会被绑定到一个业务对象 - 它只是可以被点击。 而ContentControl或ListBox通常显示为可以为用户呈现数据。因此，DataTemplate用于为底层数据提供可视结构，而ControlTemplate与底层数据无关，仅为控件本身提供可视化布局。
ControlTemplate通常只包含TemplateBinding表达式，绑定回控件本身的属性，而DataTemplate将包含标准绑定表达式，并绑定到其DataContext（业务/域对象或视图模型）的属性。
下面是两个按钮的模板，分别是控件模板和数据模板，可以看看它们之间的区别：
<Window
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfBook"
xmlns:Themes="clr-namespace:Microsoft.Windows.Themes;assembly=PresentationFramework.Aero" x:Class="WpfBook.ImageButton"
Title="ImageButton" Height="300" Width="300" Activated="Window_Activated">
<Window.Resources>
<ControlTemplate x:Key="ImageButton-ControlTemplate" TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
<Grid>
<Ellipse Width="{TemplateBinding Width}" Height="{TemplateBinding Height}" Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}"/>
<TextBlock Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}" />
</Grid>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Red" />
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
<DataTemplate x:Key="ImageButton-DataTemplate" DataType="{x:Type local:Person}">
<TextBlock x:Name="tb" Text="{Binding Name}" Margin="1" />
<DataTemplate.Triggers>
<DataTrigger Binding="{Binding IsOnline}" Value="False">
<Setter TargetName="tb" Property="Foreground" Value="Gray" />
</DataTrigger>
</DataTemplate.Triggers>
</DataTemplate>
<DataTemplate x:Key="Item-DataTemplate" DataType="{x:Type local:Person}">
<TextBlock x:Name="tb" Text="{Binding Name}" Margin="1" />
<DataTemplate.Triggers>
<DataTrigger Binding="{Binding IsOnline}" Value="False">
<Setter TargetName="tb" Property="Foreground" Value="Red" />
</DataTrigger>
</DataTemplate.Triggers>
</DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
<Button Template="{StaticResource ImageButton-ControlTemplate}" Content="abcde"/>
<Button x:Name="ddd" ContentTemplate="{StaticResource ImageButton-DataTemplate}" Content="{Binding APerson}"/>
<ListBox x:Name="list1" ItemTemplate="{StaticResource Item-DataTemplate}" ItemsSource="{Binding Persons}"/>
</StackPanel>
</Window>注意点：
- Button是content control，两个模板对应的模板分别是Template和ContentTemplate， 数据模板还需要将数据先绑定到Content属性上。
- 数据模板中设定属性，必须要使用指定TargetName，而控件模板不需要。
- 数据模板中除了给ContentTemplate，例子中还可以设定给ItemsControl的ItemTemplate属性。除此以外还可以设定给GridViewColumn的CellTemplate属性。