import numpy as np

ar = np.arange(16).reshape(4,4)
print(ar)
ar1 = np.hsplit(ar,2)
print(ar1)
# 按列拆分

ar2 = np.vsplit(ar,4)
print(ar2)
# 按行拆分

[[ 0  1  2  3]
 [ 4  5  6  7]
 [ 8  9 10 11]
 [12 13 14 15]]
[array([[ 0,  1],
       [ 4,  5],
       [ 8,  9],
       [12, 13]]), array([[ 2,  3],
       [ 6,  7],
       [10, 11],
       [14, 15]])]
[array([[0, 1, 2, 3]]), array([[4, 5, 6, 7]]), array([[ 8,  9, 10, 11]]), array([[12, 13, 14, 15]])]