多彩界面,Ribbon编程
Ribbon是类似于office2007样式的界面,它替代了传统的MFC程序里的菜单和工具栏,MFC默认生成的Ribbon功能少,需要我们自己添加一些控件和图片等元素使界面好看。与菜单资源相比,Ribbon的设计使界面更加直观,带有的图标也使界面看起来更加美观。Ribbon界面设计的重要方面就是要设计所需的图标,设计图标时,需要设计小图标和大图标,Ribbon类的添加有两种方式。
方法一:资源创建
可以利用VS2010带有的资源编辑器创建Ribbon资源,并在程序中调用,调用方式:
m_wndRibbonBar.LoadFromResource(IDR_RIBBON)
在右边的工具栏中,具有与Ribbon界面相关的各种工具,可以选择相应的Ribbon工具按照工具进行添加,可以先添加category,再添加Pane,再根据自己的需要添加各种按钮、按钮集、复选框等。
Ribbon工具栏及其包含的控件如下:
在利用资源编辑的方式编辑Ribbon界面时,注意先利用位图的方式引入category需要的图标,然后再在具体的控件中填写引用的序号,并选用相应的ID,针对下拉式按钮,在创建时,可以利用“Menu Item”项目创建子项目。
在资源中创建Ribbon界面之后,可以利用ClassWizard添加各个控件的Ribbon变量,并针对各个按钮创建实现的代码函数,实现相应的程序设计。
方法二:编程创建
1. Ribbon主菜单的设计
m_MainButton.SetImage(IDB_RIBBON_MAIN);
m_MainButton.SetToolTipText(_T("File"));
m_MainButton.SetText(_T("\nf"));
m_wndRibbonBar.SetApplicationButton(&m_MainButton, CSize (45, 45));
CMFCRibbonMainPanel*pMainPanel = m_wndRibbonBar.AddMainCategory (_T("File"),IDB_RIBBON_FILE_SMALL, IDB_RIBBON_FILE_LARGE);
pMainPanel->Add(new CMFCRibbonButton (ID_FILE_NEW, _T("&New"), 0, 0));
pMainPanel->Add(new CMFCRibbonButton (ID_FILE_OPEN, _T("&Open..."), 1, 1));
pMainPanel->Add(new CMFCRibbonButton (ID_FILE_SAVE, _T("&Save"), 2, 2));
pMainPanel->Add(new CMFCRibbonButton (ID_FILE_SAVE_AS, _T("Save &As..."), 3, 3));
std::auto_ptr<CMFCRibbonButton>apBtnPrint(new CMFCRibbonButton (ID_FILE_PRINT,_T("&Print"), 4, 4));
apBtnPrint->AddSubItem(new CMFCRibbonLabel (_T("Preview and print the document")));
apBtnPrint->AddSubItem(new CMFCRibbonButton (ID_FILE_PRINT, _T("&Print"), 4, 4, TRUE));
apBtnPrint->AddSubItem(new CMFCRibbonButton (ID_FILE_PRINT_DIRECT,_T("&Quick Print"), 6, 6,TRUE));
apBtnPrint->AddSubItem(new CMFCRibbonButton (ID_FILE_PRINT_PREVIEW,_T("Print Pre&view"), 7, 7,TRUE));
apBtnPrint->SetKeys (_T("p"),_T("w"));
pMainPanel->Add (apBtnPrint.release());
pMainPanel->AddRecentFilesList(_T("Recent Documents"));
pMainPanel->AddToBottom(new CMFCRibbonMainPanelButton(ID_TOOLS_OPTIONS, _T("Opt&ions"),8));
pMainPanel->AddToBottom(new CMFCRibbonMainPanelButton (ID_APP_EXIT,_T("E&xit"), 9));
2. Ribbon的category的添加:
CMFCRibbonCategory*pCategory = m_wndRibbonBar.AddCategory(_T("&Buttons"),IDB_RIBBON_CATEGORY1_SMALL, IDB_RIBBON_CATEGORY1_LARGE);
CMFCRibbonPanel*pPanel1 = pCategory->AddPanel(_T("LargeButtons"));
std::auto_ptr<CMFCRibbonButton>apBtn1(new CMFCRibbonButton(ID_RIBBON_BTN_1,_T("Button"), 0, 0));
apBtn1->SetAlwaysLargeImage();
pPanel1->Add(apBtn1.release());
std::auto_ptr<CMFCRibbonButton>apBtn2(new CMFCRibbonButton(ID_RIBBON_BTN_2,_T("Menu Button"), 1, 1));
apBtn2->SetMenu(IDR_RIBBON_MENU_1);
apBtn2->SetAlwaysLargeImage();
pPanel1->Add(apBtn2.release());
std::auto_ptr<CMFCRibbonButton>apBtn3(new CMFCRibbonButton(ID_RIBBON_BTN_3,_T("Split Button"), 2, 2));
apBtn3->SetMenu(IDR_RIBBON_MENU_1,TRUE);
apBtn3->SetAlwaysLargeImage();
apBtn3->RemoveSubItem(0);
apBtn3->AddSubItem(new CMFCRibbonButton(ID_RIBBON_MBTN_1, _T("Item 1"), 2), 0);
pPanel1->Add(apBtn3.release());
CMFCRibbonPanel*pPanel2 = pCategory->AddPanel(_T("Small"));
std::auto_ptr<CMFCRibbonButton>apBtn4(new CMFCRibbonButton(ID_RIBBON_BTN_4,_T("Button"), 3));
pPanel2->Add(apBtn4.release());
std::auto_ptr<CMFCRibbonButton>apBtn5(new CMFCRibbonButton(ID_RIBBON_BTN_5,_T("Menu Button"), 4));
apBtn5->SetMenu(IDR_RIBBON_MENU_1);
pPanel2->Add(apBtn5.release());
std::auto_ptr<CMFCRibbonButton>apBtn6(new CMFCRibbonButton(ID_RIBBON_BTN_6,_T("Split Button"), 5));
apBtn6->SetMenu(IDR_RIBBON_MENU_1,TRUE);
apBtn6->SetAlwaysLargeImage();
apBtn6->RemoveSubItem(1);
apBtn6->AddSubItem(new CMFCRibbonButton(ID_RIBBON_MBTN_2, _T("Item 2"), 5), 1);
pPanel2->Add(apBtn6.release());
CMFCRibbonPanel*pPanel3 = pCategory->AddPanel(_T("CheckBoxes"));
pPanel3->Add(new CMFCRibbonCheckBox(ID_RIBBON_BTN_7, _T("Check Box 1")));
pPanel3->Add(new CMFCRibbonCheckBox(ID_RIBBON_BTN_8, _T("Check Box 2")));
pPanel3->Add(new CMFCRibbonCheckBox(ID_RIBBON_BTN_9, _T("Check Box 3")));
pPanel1->SetData(ID_RIBBON_SOURCE_CODE_1_1);
pPanel2->SetData(ID_RIBBON_SOURCE_CODE_1_2);
pPanel3->SetData(ID_RIBBON_SOURCE_CODE_1_3);
3. 其它category的添加
添加方法同2
4. 界面风格的变化:
Ribbon支持MFC风格界面的变化,可以根据设定的Style设定不同的界面风格。
switch (m_nAppLook)
{
caseID_VIEW_APPLOOK_2007:
caseID_VIEW_APPLOOK_2007_1:
caseID_VIEW_APPLOOK_2007_2:
caseID_VIEW_APPLOOK_2007_3:
switch (m_nAppLook)
{
caseID_VIEW_APPLOOK_2007:
CMFCVisualManagerOffice2007::SetStyle(CMFCVisualManagerOffice2007::Office2007_LunaBlue);
break;
caseID_VIEW_APPLOOK_2007_1:
CMFCVisualManagerOffice2007::SetStyle(CMFCVisualManagerOffice2007::Office2007_ObsidianBlack);
break;
caseID_VIEW_APPLOOK_2007_2:
CMFCVisualManagerOffice2007::SetStyle(CMFCVisualManagerOffice2007::Office2007_Silver);
break;
caseID_VIEW_APPLOOK_2007_3:
CMFCVisualManagerOffice2007::SetStyle(CMFCVisualManagerOffice2007::Office2007_Aqua);
break;
}
CMFCVisualManager::SetDefaultManager (RUNTIME_CLASS(CMFCVisualManagerOffice2007));
CDockingManager::SetDockingMode (DT_SMART);
break;
default:
ASSERT(FALSE);
}
最终界面: