我们先来创建几个接口
using System; namespace DependencyInjectionSample.Interfaces { public interface IOperation { Guid OperationId { get; } } public interface IOperationTransient : IOperation { } public interface IOperationScoped : IOperation { } public interface IOperationSingleton : IOperation { } public interface IOperationSingletonInstance : IOperation { } }
然后在服务中依赖注入上面的接口
services.AddTransient<IOperationTransient, Operation>(); services.AddScoped<IOperationScoped, Operation>(); services.AddSingleton<IOperationSingleton, Operation>(); services.AddSingleton<IOperationSingletonInstance>(new Operation(Guid.Empty)); services.AddTransient<OperationService, OperationService>();
注意IOperationSingletionInstance和其他的依赖注入不同,它进行了显示实例化。
创建一个服务
using DependencyInjectionSample.Interfaces; namespace DependencyInjectionSample.Services { public class OperationService { public IOperationTransient TransientOperation { get; } public IOperationScoped ScopedOperation { get; } public IOperationSingleton SingletonOperation { get; } public IOperationSingletonInstance SingletonInstanceOperation { get; } public OperationService(IOperationTransient transientOperation, IOperationScoped scopedOperation, IOperationSingleton singletonOperation, IOperationSingletonInstance instanceOperation) { TransientOperation = transientOperation; ScopedOperation = scopedOperation; SingletonOperation = singletonOperation; SingletonInstanceOperation = instanceOperation; } } }
创建一个控制器
using DependencyInjectionSample.Interfaces; using DependencyInjectionSample.Services; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; namespace DependencyInjectionSample.Controllers { public class OperationsController : Controller { private readonly OperationService _operationService; private readonly IOperationTransient _transientOperation; private readonly IOperationScoped _scopedOperation; private readonly IOperationSingleton _singletonOperation; private readonly IOperationSingletonInstance _singletonInstanceOperation; public OperationsController(OperationService operationService, IOperationTransient transientOperation, IOperationScoped scopedOperation, IOperationSingleton singletonOperation, IOperationSingletonInstance singletonInstanceOperation) { _operationService = operationService; _transientOperation = transientOperation; _scopedOperation = scopedOperation; _singletonOperation = singletonOperation; _singletonInstanceOperation = singletonInstanceOperation; } public IActionResult Index() { // viewbag contains controller-requested services ViewBag.Transient = _transientOperation; ViewBag.Scoped = _scopedOperation; ViewBag.Singleton = _singletonOperation; ViewBag.SingletonInstance = _singletonInstanceOperation; // operation service has its own requested services ViewBag.Service = _operationService; return View(); } } }
两个不同的请求结果
Transient创建的对象总是不同的,每一个服务和每个控制器都创建一个不同的实例。
Scoped创建的对象在同一个请求会话时是相同的,每一个不同的会话创建一个不同的实例。
Singleton创建的对象在所有的地方所有的请求会话创建的都是不同的。