环境准备
- Python3.6
- pip install Django==2.0.1
- pip install celery==4.1.0
- pip install eventlet (加入协程支持)
- 安装erlang和rabbitMQ-server
配置settings.py文件
- 在settings.py文件中添加如下内容
...
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = False
CELERY_BROKER_URL = 'amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672'
在settings.py同级目录创建celery.py
- celery.py
- 注意替换: project_name
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
import os
from celery import Celery # 设置环境变量 os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'project_name.settings') # 注册Celery的APP app = Celery('project_name') # 绑定配置文件 app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY') # 自动发现各个app下的tasks.py文件 app.autodiscover_tasks()
修改settings.py同级目录的init.py文件
from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
from .celery import app as celery_app __all__ = ['celery_app']
在某个APP中创建tasks.py文件
- tasks.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from celery.task import task
# 自定义要执行的task任务
@task def print_hello(): return 'hello celery and django...'
配置周期性任务或定时任务
- 再次编辑settings.py文件,添加如下内容
- 定时任务的配置格式参考:http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/latest/userguide/periodic-tasks.html
from celery.schedules import crontab
CELERY_BEAT_SCHEDULE = {
# 周期性任务
'task-one': {
'task': 'app.tasks.print_hello',
'schedule': 5.0, # 每5秒执行一次 # 'args': () }, # 定时任务 'task-two': { 'task': 'app.tasks.print_hello', 'schedule': crontab(minute=0, hour='*/3,10-19'), # 'args': () } }
启动worker和定时任务
- 启动worker (切换到manage.py同级目录下执行)
celery -A project_name worker -l info -P eventlet
- 启动定时任务或周期性任务
celery -A project_name beat -l info
- 后台启动定时任务或周期性任务
celery multi start w1 -A fushentang -l info -P eventlet
存放任务结果的扩展
pip install django-celery-results
- Install APP
INSTALLED_APPS = (
...,
'django_celery_results',
)
- 生成数据库表:
python manage.py migrate django_celery_results
- 配置settings:
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = 'django-db'
(用数据库存放任务执行结果信息)