博主最近在研究相机的操作,第一步就是要把相机采集的图像显示到MFC的图片控件上,使用相机的SDK可以打开相机并截图像,但是这种方法非常复杂,为了能够寻求更简便的方法,博主参考了网上很多大神的博客,最终完成了相关工作,这里将我的方法写出来和大家一起分享。(新手参考,大神可以路过)
1.绘制MFC对话框
博主新建了一个基于对话框的MFC工程,取名为CPylonCamera,编辑默认的对话框如下图所示,其中“打开相机”、“关闭相机”、“采集图片”的ID分别为IDC_BUTTON_OPEN、IDC_BUTTON_STOP、IDC_BUTTON_GRAB,图片控件的ID为IDC_STATIC_PIC。
2.添加相应的头文件和资源
因为博主用的是OpenCV3.1.0版本的,这个版本没有CvvImage资源文件,所以这里面需要手动添加资源文件到MFC工程中,具体的代码如下:
2.1 CvvImage.h文件
#ifndef CVVIMAGE_CLASS_DEF
#define CVVIMAGE_CLASS_DEF
#include <opencv/cv.h>
#include <opencv/highgui.h>
/* CvvImage class definition */
class CvvImage
{
public:
CvvImage();
virtual ~CvvImage();
/* Create image (BGR or grayscale) */
virtual bool Create(int width, int height, int bits_per_pixel, int image_origin = 0);
/* Load image from specified file */
virtual bool Load(const char* filename, int desired_color = 1);
/* Load rectangle from the file */
virtual bool LoadRect(const char* filename,
int desired_color, CvRect r);
#if defined WIN32 || defined _WIN32
virtual bool LoadRect(const char* filename,
int desired_color, RECT r)
{
return LoadRect(filename, desired_color,
cvRect(r.left, r.top, r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top));
}
#endif
/* Save entire image to specified file. */
virtual bool Save(const char* filename);
/* Get copy of input image ROI */
virtual void CopyOf(CvvImage& image, int desired_color = -1);
virtual void CopyOf(IplImage* img, int desired_color = -1);
IplImage* GetImage() { return m_img; };
virtual void Destroy(void);
/* width and height of ROI */
int Width() { return !m_img ? 0 : !m_img->roi ? m_img->width : m_img->roi->width; };
int Height() { return !m_img ? 0 : !m_img->roi ? m_img->height : m_img->roi->height; };
int Bpp() { return m_img ? (m_img->depth & 255)*m_img->nChannels : 0; };
virtual void Fill(int color);
/* draw to highgui window */
virtual void Show(const char* window);
#if defined WIN32 || defined _WIN32
/* draw part of image to the specified DC */
virtual void Show(HDC dc, int x, int y, int width, int height,
int from_x = 0, int from_y = 0);
/* draw the current image ROI to the specified rectangle of the destination DC */
virtual void DrawToHDC(HDC hDCDst, RECT* pDstRect);
#endif
protected:
IplImage* m_img;
};
typedef CvvImage CImage;
#endif
2.2 CvvImage.cpp文件
#include "stdafx.h"//加到工程后这个就要添上
#include "CvvImage.h"
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CV_INLINE RECT NormalizeRect(RECT r);
CV_INLINE RECT NormalizeRect(RECT r)
{
int t;
if (r.left > r.right)
{
t = r.left;
r.left = r.right;
r.right = t;
}
if (r.top > r.bottom)
{
t = r.top;
r.top = r.bottom;
r.bottom = t;
}
return r;
}
CV_INLINE CvRect RectToCvRect(RECT sr);
CV_INLINE CvRect RectToCvRect(RECT sr)
{
sr = NormalizeRect(sr);
return cvRect(sr.left, sr.top, sr.right - sr.left, sr.bottom - sr.top);
}
CV_INLINE RECT CvRectToRect(CvRect sr);
CV_INLINE RECT CvRectToRect(CvRect sr)
{
RECT dr;
dr.left = sr.x;
dr.top = sr.y;
dr.right = sr.x + sr.width;
dr.bottom = sr.y + sr.height;
return dr;
}
CV_INLINE IplROI RectToROI(RECT r);
CV_INLINE IplROI RectToROI(RECT r)
{
IplROI roi;
r = NormalizeRect(r);
roi.xOffset = r.left;
roi.yOffset = r.top;
roi.width = r.right - r.left;
roi.height = r.bottom - r.top;
roi.coi = 0;
return roi;
}
void FillBitmapInfo(BITMAPINFO* bmi, int width, int height, int bpp, int origin)
{
assert(bmi && width >= 0 && height >= 0 && (bpp == 8 || bpp == 24 || bpp == 32));
BITMAPINFOHEADER* bmih = &(bmi->bmiHeader);
memset(bmih, 0, sizeof(*bmih));
bmih->biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
bmih->biWidth = width;
bmih->biHeight = origin ? abs(height) : -abs(height);
bmih->biPlanes = 1;
bmih->biBitCount = (unsigned short)bpp;
bmih->biCompression = BI_RGB;
if (bpp == 8)
{
RGBQUAD* palette = bmi->bmiColors;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
palette[i].rgbBlue = palette[i].rgbGreen = palette[i].rgbRed = (BYTE)i;
palette[i].rgbReserved = 0;
}
}
}
CvvImage::CvvImage()
{
m_img = 0;
}
void CvvImage::Destroy()
{
cvReleaseImage(&m_img);
}
CvvImage::~CvvImage()
{
Destroy();
}
bool CvvImage::Create(int w, int h, int bpp, int origin)
{
const unsigned max_img_size = 10000;
if ((bpp != 8 && bpp != 24 && bpp != 32) ||
(unsigned)w >= max_img_size || (unsigned)h >= max_img_size ||
(origin != IPL_ORIGIN_TL && origin != IPL_ORIGIN_BL))
{
assert(0); // most probably, it is a programming error
return false;
}
if (!m_img || Bpp() != bpp || m_img->width != w || m_img->height != h)
{
if (m_img && m_img->nSize == sizeof(IplImage))
Destroy();
/* prepare IPL header */
m_img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(w, h), IPL_DEPTH_8U, bpp / 8);
}
if (m_img)
m_img->origin = origin == 0 ? IPL_ORIGIN_TL : IPL_ORIGIN_BL;
return m_img != 0;
}
void CvvImage::CopyOf(CvvImage& image, int desired_color)
{
IplImage* img = image.GetImage();
if (img)
{
CopyOf(img, desired_color);
}
}
#define HG_IS_IMAGE(img) \
((img) != 0 && ((const IplImage*)(img))->nSize == sizeof(IplImage) && \
((IplImage*)img)->imageData != 0)
void CvvImage::CopyOf(IplImage* img, int desired_color)
{
if (HG_IS_IMAGE(img))
{
int color = desired_color;
CvSize size = cvGetSize(img);
if (color < 0)
color = img->nChannels > 1;
if (Create(size.width, size.height,
(!color ? 1 : img->nChannels > 1 ? img->nChannels : 3) * 8,
img->origin))
{
cvConvertImage(img, m_img, 0);
}
}
}
bool CvvImage::Load(const char* filename, int desired_color)
{
IplImage* img = cvLoadImage(filename, desired_color);
if (!img)
return false;
CopyOf(img, desired_color);
cvReleaseImage(&img);
return true;
}
bool CvvImage::LoadRect(const char* filename,
int desired_color, CvRect r)
{
if (r.width < 0 || r.height < 0) return false;
IplImage* img = cvLoadImage(filename, desired_color);
if (!img)
return false;
if (r.width == 0 || r.height == 0)
{
r.width = img->width;
r.height = img->height;
r.x = r.y = 0;
}
if (r.x > img->width || r.y > img->height ||
r.x + r.width < 0 || r.y + r.height < 0)
{
cvReleaseImage(&img);
return false;
}
/* truncate r to source image */
if (r.x < 0)
{
r.width += r.x;
r.x = 0;
}
if (r.y < 0)
{
r.height += r.y;
r.y = 0;
}
if (r.x + r.width > img->width)
r.width = img->width - r.x;
if (r.y + r.height > img->height)
r.height = img->height - r.y;
cvSetImageROI(img, r);
CopyOf(img, desired_color);
cvReleaseImage(&img);
return true;
}
bool CvvImage::Save(const char* filename)
{
if (!m_img)
return false;
cvSaveImage(filename, m_img);
return true;
}
void CvvImage::Show(const char* window)
{
if (m_img)
cvShowImage(window, m_img);
}
void CvvImage::Show(HDC dc, int x, int y, int w, int h, int from_x, int from_y)
{
if (m_img && m_img->depth == IPL_DEPTH_8U)
{
uchar buffer[sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+1024];
BITMAPINFO* bmi = (BITMAPINFO*)buffer;
int bmp_w = m_img->width, bmp_h = m_img->height;
FillBitmapInfo(bmi, bmp_w, bmp_h, Bpp(), m_img->origin);
from_x = MIN(MAX(from_x, 0), bmp_w - 1);
from_y = MIN(MAX(from_y, 0), bmp_h - 1);
int sw = MAX(MIN(bmp_w - from_x, w), 0);
int sh = MAX(MIN(bmp_h - from_y, h), 0);
SetDIBitsToDevice(
dc, x, y, sw, sh, from_x, from_y, from_y, sh,
m_img->imageData + from_y*m_img->widthStep,
bmi, DIB_RGB_COLORS);
}
}
void CvvImage::DrawToHDC(HDC hDCDst, RECT* pDstRect)
{
if (pDstRect && m_img && m_img->depth == IPL_DEPTH_8U && m_img->imageData)
{
uchar buffer[sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+1024];
BITMAPINFO* bmi = (BITMAPINFO*)buffer;
int bmp_w = m_img->width, bmp_h = m_img->height;
CvRect roi = cvGetImageROI(m_img);
CvRect dst = RectToCvRect(*pDstRect);
if (roi.width == dst.width && roi.height == dst.height)
{
Show(hDCDst, dst.x, dst.y, dst.width, dst.height, roi.x, roi.y);
return;
}
if (roi.width > dst.width)
{
SetStretchBltMode(
hDCDst, // handle to device context
HALFTONE);
}
else
{
SetStretchBltMode(
hDCDst, // handle to device context
COLORONCOLOR);
}
FillBitmapInfo(bmi, bmp_w, bmp_h, Bpp(), m_img->origin);
::StretchDIBits(
hDCDst,
dst.x, dst.y, dst.width, dst.height,
roi.x, roi.y, roi.width, roi.height,
m_img->imageData, bmi, DIB_RGB_COLORS, SRCCOPY);
}
}
void CvvImage::Fill(int color)
{
cvSet(m_img, cvScalar(color & 255, (color >> 8) & 255, (color >> 16) & 255, (color >> 24) & 255));
}
2.3 添加头文件
在PylonCameraDlg.h中加入下面的头文件:
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
在
PylonCameraDlg.cpp中加入下面的头文件:
#include "opencv2/objdetect/objdetect.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "CvvImage.h"
#include "afxwin.h"
3. 添加相应的变量
在PylonCameraDlg.h中加入public成员: Mat frame; //定义采集帧
IplImage img; //定义转换到IplImage图片的类
VideoCapture capture; //定义视频显示变量
CStatic m_pic; //定义图片控件变量
int pic_save = 0; //定义采集图像变量
bool cameraopen; //定义相机是否开启
4.添加消息处理函数
在本文中定义了三个Button,一个是用来打开相机的,一个是用来停止相机的,另一个是用来保存当前相机采集的帧图片的,下面将一一介绍各个按钮控件的消息处理函数。
4.1 定义将图片绘制到图片控件区域的函数
首先我们需要定义个drawToDC的函数,也就是将相机采集的当前帧绘制到图片控件上,代码如下:
/*将图片绘制到图片控件区域*/
void CPylonCameraDlg::drawToDC(IplImage* image, UINT ID)
{
CDC* pDC = GetDlgItem(ID)->GetDC();
HDC pHdc = pDC->GetSafeHdc();
CRect rect;
GetDlgItem(ID)->GetClientRect(&rect);
CvvImage cimg;
cimg.CopyOf(image);
cimg.DrawToHDC(pHdc, rect);
ReleaseDC(pDC);
}
4.2 打开相机的消息处理函数
这里面我们定义了一个定时器,目的就是为了能够连续的采集相机的当前帧
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/*打开摄像机消息处理函数*/
void CPylonCameraDlg::OnBnClickedButtonOpen()
{
// TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码
cameraopen = true;
capture = 1; //打开摄像头
if (capture.isOpened())
{
capture >> frame; //输出采集的帧图像
IplImage img = frame;
drawToDC(&img, IDC_STATIC_PIC);
}
SetTimer(1, 10, NULL); //设置定时器
}
4.3 关闭相机的消息处理函数
/*关闭相机的消息处理函数*/
void CPylonCameraDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStop()
{
// TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码
cameraopen = false;
capture.release(); //关闭视频采集
Invalidate(); //刷新窗口
}
4.4 采集图片的消息处理函数
/*采集图片的消息处理函数*/
void CPylonCameraDlg::OnBnClickedButtonGrab()
{
// TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码
if (cameraopen)
{
pic_save++;
char filesave[100];
sprintf(filesave, "save_%d.jpg", pic_save);
imwrite(filesave, frame);
MessageBox(_T("抓取图片成功!"));
}
else
MessageBox(_T("相机未打开!"));
}
4.5 定时器函数
/*定时器函数*/
void CPylonCameraDlg::OnTimer(UINT_PTR nIDEvent)
{
// TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值
capture >> frame;
IplImage img = frame;
drawToDC(&img, IDC_STATIC_PIC);
CDialogEx::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}
5.运行结果
好了,上面就是具体的过程,下图就是运行后的结果。
为了大家能尽快熟悉过程,这里附上源代码文件。