list
Python内置的一种数据类型是列表:list。list是一种有序的集合,可以随时添加和删除其中的元素。
Code:
print('------------------------------------------------------') #list classmates = ['Michael','Bob','Tracy','Jason'] print(classmates) print('classmates =',len(classmates)) #获取数组长度 print(classmates[0]) #第一个元素 print(classmates[1]) #第二个元素 print(classmates[2]) #第三个元素 print('------------------------------------------------------') print(classmates[-1]) #倒数第一个元素 print(classmates[-2]) #倒数第二个元素 print(classmates[-3]) #倒数第三个元素 print('------------------------------------------------------') a = len(classmates)-1 # 最后一个元素的索引 print(classmates[a]) # 等价于print(classmates[-1]) print('------------------------------------------------------') print(classmates) print(classmates[-1]) classmates.append('adm') #在末尾插入一个元素 print(classmates) print(classmates[-1]) print('------------------------------------------------------') print(classmates) print(classmates[1]) classmates.insert(1,'Plada') #在指定位置插入一个元素 print(classmates) print(classmates[1]) print('------------------------------------------------------') print(classmates.pop()) #删除list末尾的元素 print(classmates) print('------------------------------------------------------') print(classmates) print('classmates.pop(-1) :',classmates.pop(-1)) #删除指定位置的元素 print(classmates) print('classmates.pop(1) :',classmates.pop(1)) print(classmates) print('------------------------------------------------------') print(classmates) a = classmates[1] = 'Jason' print('classmates[1] =',a) print(classmates) print('------------------------------------------------------') L = ['abc',123,True] print(len(L)) print(L[0]) print(L[1]) print(L[2]) print('------------------------------------------------------') s = ['python','java',['asp','php'],'c++'] p = ['asp','php'] s = ['python','java',p,'c++'] #二维数组 print('p =',p) print('s =',s) print('p[1] =',p[1]) print('s[2][1] =',s[2][1]) print('------------------------------------------------------') a = ['abcd','efg','hijk'] b = [a,'lmn','opq'] c = [b,'rst','uvw','xyz'] #三位数组 print('c =',c) print('a[0] =',a[0]) print('b[0][0] =',b[0][0]) print('c[0][0][0] =',c[0][0][0]) print('------------------------------------------------------') L = [] print('L =',len(L))
tuple
另一种有序列表叫元组:tuple。tuple和list非常类似,但是tuple一旦初始化就不能修改,比如同样是列出同学的名字:
Code:
print('------------------------------------------------------') #tuple:一旦初始化就不能修改 classmates = ('Michael','Bob','Tracy','Jason') print('classmates =',classmates) t = (1,2) print('t =',t) r = ('a',) print('r =',r) print('------------------------------------------------------') x = ('a','b',['A','B']) print('x =',x) x[2][0] = 'X' x[2][1] = 'Y' print('x =',x) print('------------------------------------------------------') x = ('a','b',('A','B')) print('x =',x) x[2][0] = 'X' #tuple数组不能修改,会报错 x[2][1] = 'Y' print('x =',x)
TestCode:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- L = [ ['Apple','Google','Microsoft'], ['Java','Python','Ruby','PHP'], ['Adam','Bart','Lisa'] ] #打印Apple: print(L[0][0]) #打印Python: print(L[1][1]) #打印Lisa: print(L[2][2])