1、定义
抽象工厂模式(Abstract Factory Pattern)是围绕一个超级工厂创建其他工厂。该超级工厂又称为其他工厂的工厂。这种类型的设计模式属于创建型模式,它提供了一种创建对象的最佳方式。
在抽象工厂模式中,接口是负责创建一个相关对象的工厂,不需要显式指定它们的类。每个生成的工厂都能按照工厂模式提供对象。
2、介绍
应用实例:工作了,为了参加一些聚会,肯定有两套或多套衣服吧,比如说有商务装(成套,一系列具体产品)、时尚装(成套,一系列具体产品),甚至对于一个家庭来说,可能有商务女装、商务男装、时尚女装、时尚男装,这些也都是成套的,即一系列具体产品。假设一种情况(现实中是不存在的,要不然,没法进入共产主义了,但有利于说明抽象工厂模式),在您的家中,某一个衣柜(具体工厂)只能存放某一种这样的衣服(成套,一系列具体产品),每次拿这种成套的衣服时也自然要从这个衣柜中取出了。用 OO 的思想去理解,所有的衣柜(具体工厂)都是衣柜类的(抽象工厂)某一个,而每一件成套的衣服又包括具体的上衣(某一具体产品),裤子(某一具体产品),这些具体的上衣其实也都是上衣(抽象产品),具体的裤子也都是裤子(另一个抽象产品)。
优点:当一个产品族中的多个对象被设计成一起工作时,它能保证客户端始终只使用同一个产品族中的对象。
缺点:产品族扩展非常困难,要增加一个系列的某一产品,既要在抽象的 Creator 里加代码,又要在具体的里面加代码。
使用场景: 1、QQ 换皮肤,一整套一起换。 2、生成不同操作系统的程序。
注意事项:产品族难扩展,产品等级易扩展。
3、源码
3.1、头文件
IHuman.h
#pragma once
class IHuman
{
public:
IHuman(void)
{
}
virtual ~IHuman(void)
{
}
virtual void Laugh() = 0;
virtual void Cry() = 0;
virtual void Talk() = 0;
virtual void Sex() = 0;
};
YellowHuman.h
#pragma once
#include "ihuman.h"
class CYellowHuman :public IHuman
{
public:
CYellowHuman(void)
{
}
~CYellowHuman(void)
{
}
void Laugh()
{
cout << "黄色人种会大笑,幸福呀!" << endl;
}
void Cry()
{
cout << "黄色人种会哭" << endl;
}
void Talk()
{
cout << "黄色人种会说话,一般说的都是双字节" << endl;
}
virtual void Sex() = 0;
};
YellowFemaleHuman.h
#pragma once
#include "yellowhuman.h"
class CYellowFemaleHuman :
public CYellowHuman
{
public:
CYellowFemaleHuman(void)
{
}
~CYellowFemaleHuman(void)
{
}
void Sex()
{
cout << "该黄种人的性别为女..." << endl;
}
};
YellowMaleHuman.h
#pragma once
#include "yellowhuman.h"
class CYellowMaleHuman :
public CYellowHuman
{
public:
CYellowMaleHuman(void)
{
}
~CYellowMaleHuman(void)
{
}
void Sex()
{
cout << "该黄种人的性别为男..." << endl;
}
};
WhiteHuman.h
#pragma once
#include "ihuman.h"
class CWhiteHuman :
public IHuman
{
public:
CWhiteHuman(void)
{
}
~CWhiteHuman(void)
{
}
void Laugh()
{
cout << "白色人种会大笑,侵略的笑声" << endl;
}
void Cry()
{
cout << "白色人种会哭" << endl;
}
void Talk()
{
cout << "白色人种会说话,一般都是单字节" << endl;
}
virtual void Sex() = 0;
};
WhiteFemaleHuman.h
#pragma once
#include "whitehuman.h"
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
class CWhiteFemaleHuman :
public CWhiteHuman
{
public:
CWhiteFemaleHuman(void)
{
}
~CWhiteFemaleHuman(void)
{
}
void Sex()
{
cout << "该白种人的性别为女..." << endl;
}
};
WhiteMaleHuman.h
#pragma once
#include "whitehuman.h"
class CWhiteMaleHuman :
public CWhiteHuman
{
public:
CWhiteMaleHuman(void)
{
}
~CWhiteMaleHuman(void)
{
}
void Sex()
{
cout << "该白种人的性别为男..." << endl;
}
};
IHumanFactory.h
#pragma once
#include "IHuman.h"
class IHumanFactory
{
public:
IHumanFactory(void)
{
}
virtual ~IHumanFactory(void)
{
}
virtual IHuman * CreateYellowHuman() = 0;
virtual IHuman * CreateWhiteHuman() = 0;
virtual IHuman * CreateBlackHuman() = 0;
};
StandardHumanFactory.h
#pragma once
#include "ihumanfactory.h"
#include "IHuman.h"
template<class T>
class CStandardHumanFactory :
public IHumanFactory
{
public:
CStandardHumanFactory(void)
{
}
~CStandardHumanFactory(void)
{
}
IHuman * CreateHuman()
{
return new T;
}
};
MaleHumanFactory.h
#pragma once
#include "standardhumanfactory.h"
#include "IHumanFactory.h"
template<class T>
class CMaleHumanFactory :
public CStandardHumanFactory<T>
{
public:
CMaleHumanFactory(void);
~CMaleHumanFactory(void);
IHuman * CreateYellowHuman();
IHuman * CreateWhiteHuman();
IHuman * CreateBlackHuman();
};
3.2、实现
MaleHumanFactory.cpp
#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "MaleHumanFactory.h"
template<class T>
CMaleHumanFactory<T>::CMaleHumanFactory(void)
{
}
template<class T>
CMaleHumanFactory<T>::~CMaleHumanFactory(void)
{
}
template<class T>
IHuman * CMaleHumanFactory<T>::CreateYellowHuman()
{
return CreateHuman();
}
template<class T>
IHuman * CMaleHumanFactory<T>::CreateWhiteHuman()
{
return CreateHuman();
}
template<class T>
IHuman * CMaleHumanFactory<T>::CreateBlackHuman()
{
return CreateHuman();
}
AbstractFactory.cpp
#include "IHuman.h"
#include "IHumanFactory.h"
#include "FemaleHumanFactory.h"
#include "MaleHumanFactory.h"
#include "MaleHumanFactory.cpp"
#include "YellowFemaleHuman.h"
#include "YellowMaleHuman.h"
#include "WhiteFemaleHuman.h"
#include "WhiteMaleHuman.h"
void DoIt()
{
IHumanFactory *pFemaleHumanFactory = new CFemaleHumanFactory<CYellowFemaleHuman>();
IHuman *pYellowFemaleHuman = pFemaleHumanFactory->CreateYellowHuman();
pYellowFemaleHuman->Cry();
pYellowFemaleHuman->Laugh();
pYellowFemaleHuman->Talk();
pYellowFemaleHuman->Sex();
delete pYellowFemaleHuman;
delete pFemaleHumanFactory;
IHumanFactory *pMaleHumanFactory = new CMaleHumanFactory<CYellowMaleHuman>();
IHuman *pYellowMaleHuman = pMaleHumanFactory->CreateYellowHuman();
pYellowMaleHuman->Cry();
pYellowMaleHuman->Laugh();
pYellowMaleHuman->Talk();
pYellowMaleHuman->Sex();
delete pYellowMaleHuman;
delete pMaleHumanFactory;
IHumanFactory *pWhiteFemaleHumanFactory = new CMaleHumanFactory<CWhiteFemaleHuman>();
IHuman *pWhiteFemaleHuman = pWhiteFemaleHumanFactory->CreateWhiteHuman();
pWhiteFemaleHuman->Cry();
pWhiteFemaleHuman->Laugh();
pWhiteFemaleHuman->Talk();
pWhiteFemaleHuman->Sex();
delete pWhiteFemaleHuman;
delete pWhiteFemaleHumanFactory;
IHumanFactory *pWhiteMaleHumanFactory = new CMaleHumanFactory<CWhiteMaleHuman>();
IHuman *pWhiteMaleHuman = pWhiteMaleHumanFactory->CreateWhiteHuman();
pWhiteMaleHuman->Cry();
pWhiteMaleHuman->Laugh();
pWhiteMaleHuman->Talk();
pWhiteMaleHuman->Sex();
delete pWhiteMaleHuman;
delete pWhiteMaleHumanFactory;
}
int main()
{
DoIt();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
4、结果
参考文献:《菜鸟教程》? ?https://blog.csdn.net/phiall/article/details/52199659博客